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The final sample included 1362 participants. Respondents were asked whether they had already used cigarettes, e-cigarettes, hookah, snus, or cannabis at least once in their life (yes\/no) and the age of the first time was asked for each substance when the answer was positive. Additionally, participants were asked about their substance use in the past 30 days. Respondents were classified according to age at onset of each tobacco\/nicotine and cannabis product, and comparisons were made based on sociodemographic variables, including gender (cisgender female\/cisgender male\/transgender), perceived socioeconomic status (below average\/average\/above average), and age.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Overall, in addition to those who reported no consumption, four distinct initiation profiles emerged from the classification. Cigarettes remain the most commonly used first product with an average age of 15.7 years. While cigarettes and hookah are present in all profiles, the order of first consumption varies from one profile to another, with cigarettes coming first in two profiles, hookah in one and e-cigarettes in the last. Furthermore, while the most common profile contains experimental consumption of the five products considered, some profiles do not contain cannabis, e-cigarettes and\/or snus, for example. When divided by age groups, both 14-17-year-olds and 18-21-year-olds reported cigarette as their first product of initiation. Across the separate age groups (14\u201317, 18\u201321, 22\u201325), cigarettes consistently emerge as the primary used on average.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cigarettes remain the first product to be used, but the younger the respondents, the earlier they start using e-cigarettes, and very close to cigarettes. Regarding current consumption patterns, e-cigarettes are becoming increasingly prominent.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20731-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T11:23:33Z","timestamp":1732015413000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Age of tobacco, nicotine and cannabis use initiation in Switzerland: a sequence analysis among adolescents and young adults"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Chok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9my","family":"Cros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Lebon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Zurcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Dubuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"Berthouzoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Berchtold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yara","family":"Barrense-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"20731_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bovet P et al. 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Informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Participants in this study were provided with an information sheet on the homepage of the questionnaire. This information sheet adhered to the ethical guidelines established by the ethics committee. It clearly outlined the purpose of the study, the procedures involved, and the rights of the participants. By proceeding with the questionnaire and answering the questions, participants provided their tacit consent to participate in the study. Participants were also informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time, with the option to delete their already entered responses. In Switzerland, according to the Federal Act on Research involving Human Beings (Human Research Act, HRA), young people aged 14 and over can consent to participate in research on their own if the research presents only minimal risks and burdens, which is the case for this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"3213"}}