{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:30:42Z","timestamp":1788849042221,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-21026-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:22:07Z","timestamp":1735863727000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["What makes an epidemic a disaster: the future of epidemics within the EM-DAT International Disaster Database"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Margo","family":"Tonnelier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Delforge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Below","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Armando Torres","family":"Mungu\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Saegerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Wathelet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris A. F.","family":"van Loenhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niko","family":"Speybroeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"21026_CR1","unstructured":"UN. Report of the open-ended intergovernmental expert working group on indicators and terminology relating to disaster risk reduction. United Nations; 2016 Dec [cited 2022 Aug 25] p. 41. Report No.: A\/71\/644. Available from: https:\/\/documents-dds-ny.un.org\/doc\/UNDOC\/GEN\/N16\/410\/23\/PDF\/N1641023.pdf?OpenElement."},{"key":"21026_CR2","unstructured":"Porta MS, Greenland S, Hern\u00e1n M, Silva I dos S, Last JM. A Dictionary of Epidemiology.\u00a0New York: Oxford University Press; 2014. p. 377."},{"key":"21026_CR3","unstructured":"CDC NERD Academy. What is a pandemic - Lesson Plan. [cited 2024 Jan 2]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/scienceambassador\/documents\/module-1-defining-a-pandemic-lesson-plan.pdf."},{"issue":"20","key":"21026_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14204253","volume":"14","author":"NJ Temple","year":"2022","unstructured":"Temple NJ. The Origins of the Obesity Epidemic in the USA\u2013Lessons for Today. Nutrients. 2022;14(20):4253.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"21026_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2015.11.002","volume":"34","author":"RG Wilkerson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wilkerson RG, Kim HK, Windsor TA, Mareiniss DP. The Opioid Epidemic in the United States. Emerg Med Clin. 2016;34(2):e1-23.","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Clinics"},{"issue":"2","key":"21026_CR6","first-page":"195","volume":"26","author":"A Zumla","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zumla A, Ustianowski A. Tropical Diseases: Definition, Geographic Distribution, Transmission, and Classification. Infect Dis Clin. 2012;26(2):195\u2013205.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin"},{"issue":"1614","key":"21026_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20120250","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2012.0250","volume":"368","author":"SI Hay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hay SI, Battle KE, Pigott DM, Smith DL, Moyes CL, Bhatt S, et al. Global mapping of infectious disease. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2013;368(1614):20120250.","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"21026_CR8","unstructured":"WHO. ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. Available from: https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse11\/l-m\/en#\/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f1435254666."},{"key":"21026_CR9","unstructured":"WHO. World Health Organization. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. WHO grading of public health events and emergencies. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/grading."},{"key":"21026_CR10","unstructured":"IFRC. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Diseases. Available from: https:\/\/epidemics.ifrc.org\/volunteer\/disease-per-type."},{"key":"21026_CR11","unstructured":"UNDRR. PreventionWeb. 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. The Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Glossary. Available from: https:\/\/www.preventionweb.net\/drr-glossary\/hips."},{"key":"21026_CR12","unstructured":"The European Commission Disaster Risk Management Knowledge Centre. European Comission. 2022 [cited 2023 Feb 5]. INFORM Risk Methodology. Available from: https:\/\/drmkc.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/inform-index\/INFORM-Risk\/Methodology."},{"issue":"5","key":"21026_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005542","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-005542","volume":"6","author":"R Badker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Badker R, Miller K, Pardee C, Oppenheim B, Stephenson N, Ash B, et al. Challenges in reported COVID-19 data: best practices and recommendations for future epidemics. BMJ Glob Health. 2021;6(5):e005542.","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"21026_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e065751","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-065751","volume":"13","author":"MS Majumder","year":"2023","unstructured":"Majumder MS, Cusick M, Rose S. Measuring concordance of data sources used for infectious disease research in the USA: a retrospective data analysis. BMJ Open. 2023;13(2):e065751.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"21026_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e173","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12328","volume":"63","author":"MF Humblet","year":"2016","unstructured":"Humblet MF, Vandeputte S, Mignot C, Bellet C, De Koeijer A, Swanenburg M, et al. How to Assess Data Availability, Accessibility and Format for Risk Analysis? Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016;63(6):e173\u201386.","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"21026_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panel (OHHLEP) OHHLE, Adisasmito WB, Almuhairi S, Behravesh CB, Bilivogui P, Bukachi SA, et al. One Health: A new definition for a sustainable and healthy future. PLOS Pathogens. 2022;18(6):e1010537.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010537"},{"issue":"1","key":"21026_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-01767-8","volume":"18","author":"A Warsame","year":"2020","unstructured":"Warsame A, Murray J, Gimma A, Checchi F. The practice of evaluating epidemic response in humanitarian and low-income settings: a systematic review. BMC Med. 2020;18(1):315.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"21026_CR18","unstructured":"WHO. World Health Organization. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Global Health Observatory. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho."},{"key":"21026_CR19","unstructured":"WHO. World Health Organization. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Disease Outbreak News (DONs). Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news."},{"issue":"1","key":"21026_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0001083","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001083","volume":"3","author":"CJ Carlson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Carlson CJ, Boyce MR, Dunne M, Graeden E, Lin J, Abdellatif YO, et al. The World Health Organization\u2019s Disease Outbreak News: A retrospective database. PLOS Global Public Health. 2023;3(1):e0001083.","journal-title":"PLOS Global Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"21026_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01797-2","volume":"9","author":"JA Torres Mungu\u00eda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Torres Mungu\u00eda JA, Badarau FC, D\u00edaz Pavez LR, Mart\u00ednez-Zarzoso I, Wacker KM. A global dataset of pandemic- and epidemic-prone disease outbreaks. Sci Data. 2022;9(1):683.","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"key":"21026_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hollis S, Stolow J, Rosenthal M, Morreale SE, Moses L. Go.Data as a digital tool for case investigation and contact tracing in the context of COVID-19: a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health. 2023;23(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16120-w"},{"key":"21026_CR23","unstructured":"PAHO. Pan American Health Organization. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Early Warning, Alert and Response System. Available from: https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/health-emergencies\/health-emergency-information-and-risk-assessment\/early-warning-alert-and."},{"key":"21026_CR24","unstructured":"WHO. WHO Health Emergency Dashboard. 2024 [cited 2024 Feb 29]. WHO Health Emergency Dashboard. Available from: https:\/\/extranet.who.int\/publicemergency."},{"key":"21026_CR25","unstructured":"ACAPS. ACAPS. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. ACAPS Data. Available from: https:\/\/www.acaps.org\/en\/data."},{"key":"21026_CR26","unstructured":"CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/index.html."},{"key":"21026_CR27","unstructured":"ECDC. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Surveillance Atlas of Infectious Diseases. Available from: https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/surveillance-atlas-infectious-diseases."},{"key":"21026_CR28","unstructured":"International Society for Infectious Diseases. ProMED-mail. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Home - ProMED. Available from: https:\/\/promedmail.org\/."},{"issue":"84","key":"21026_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.04.021","volume":"1","author":"AN Desai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Desai AN, Anyoha A, Madoff LC, Lassmann B. Changing epidemiology of Listeria monocytogenes outbreaks, sporadic cases, and recalls globally: A review of ProMED reports from 1996 to 2018. Int J Infect Dis. 2019;1(84):48\u201353.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"21026_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.09.1453","volume":"102","author":"MC Tarnas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tarnas MC, Desai AN, Lassmann B, Abbara A. Increase in vector-borne disease reporting affecting humans and animals in Syria and neighboring countries after the onset of conflict: A ProMED analysis 2003\u20132018. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;102:103\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"35","key":"21026_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101575","volume":"1","author":"DK Bonilla-Aldana","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bonilla-Aldana DK, Holguin-Rivera Y, Cortes-Bonilla I, Cardona-Trujillo MC, Garc\u00eda-Barco A, Bedoya-Arias HA, et al. Coronavirus infections reported by ProMED, February 2000\u2013January 2020. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020;1(35):101575.","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"21026_CR32","unstructured":"GIDEON. GIDEON. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. Global Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Network. Available from: https:\/\/www.gideononline.com\/."},{"key":"21026_CR33","unstructured":"OCHA. ReliefWeb. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. ReliefWeb - Informing humanitarians worldwide. Available from: https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/."},{"key":"21026_CR34","unstructured":"HealthMap. HealthMap. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. HealthMap. Available from: http:\/\/healthmap.org."},{"issue":"18","key":"21026_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4446","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac497","volume":"38","author":"Z Meng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meng Z, Okhmatovskaia A, Polleri M, Shen Y, Powell G, Fu Z, et al. BioCaster in 2021: automatic disease outbreaks detection from global news media. Bioinformatics. 2022;38(18):4446\u20138.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"21026_CR36","unstructured":"IFRC. IFRC Go. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 9]. IFRC Disaster Response and Preparedness. Available from: https:\/\/go.ifrc.org\/."},{"key":"21026_CR37","unstructured":"FAO. Empres-i Global Animal Disease Information System. 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 26]. Empres-i. Available from: https:\/\/empres-i.apps.fao.org\/."},{"key":"21026_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Delforge D, Wathelet V, Below R, Lanfredi Sofia C, Tonnelier M, van Loenhout J, et al. EM-DAT: the Emergency Events Database. Research Square. 2023 Dec 27 [cited 2024 Jan 27]. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3807553\/v1.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3807553\/v1"},{"key":"21026_CR39","unstructured":"CRED. Public EM-DAT. 2024 [cited 2024 Jan 10]. Public EM-DAT platform. Available from: https:\/\/public.emdat.be\/."},{"issue":"66","key":"21026_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2016.02.003","volume":"1","author":"C Lupo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lupo C, Wilmart O, Van Huffel X, Dal Pozzo F, Saegerman C. Stakeholders\u2019 perceptions, attitudes and practices towards risk prevention in the food chain. Food Control. 2016;1(66):158\u201365.","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"21026_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paill\u00e9 P, Mucchielli A. L\u2019analyse qualitative en sciences humaines et sociales. 4e \u00e9d. Malakoff: Armand Colin; 2016. (Collection U).","DOI":"10.3917\/arco.paill.2016.01"},{"key":"21026_CR42","first-page":"81","volume":"1","author":"YF Yung","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yung YF, Chan W. Statistical analyses using bootstrapping: Concepts and implementation. Stat Strateg Small Sample Res. 1999;1:81\u2013105.","journal-title":"Stat Strateg Small Sample Res"},{"key":"21026_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Porta M. Epidemic. In: A Dictionary of Epidemiology [Internet]. 6th ed. Oxford University Press; 2016 [cited 2024 Jan 2]. Available from: https:\/\/www.oxfordreference.com\/display\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acref\/9780199976720.001.0001\/acref-9780199976720-e-637.","DOI":"10.1093\/acref\/9780199976720.001.0001\/acref-9780199976720-e-637"},{"key":"21026_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Demongeot J, Magal P, Oshinubi K. Forecasting the changes between endemic and epidemic phases of a contagious disease, with the example of COVID-19. Mathematical Medicine and Biology: A Journal of the IMA. 2024:dqae012. https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/imammb\/advance-article-abstract\/doi\/10.1093\/imammb\/dqae012\/7737412?redirectedFrom=fulltext.","DOI":"10.1093\/imammb\/dqae012"},{"issue":"4","key":"21026_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnlssr.2021.10.002","volume":"2","author":"K Anna","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anna K, McLeod LT. Resilience: Lessons to be learned from safety and acceptable risk. J Saf Sci Resilience. 2021;2(4):253\u20137.","journal-title":"J Saf Sci Resilience"},{"key":"21026_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peiter PC, Pereira R dos S, Moreira MCN, Nascimento M, Tavares M de FL, Franco V da C, et al. Zika epidemic and microcephaly in Brazil: Challenges for access to health care and promotion in three epidemic areas. PLOS ONE. 2020;15(7):e0235010.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235010"},{"issue":"1","key":"21026_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11409","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38395-0","volume":"13","author":"M Pardo-Araujo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pardo-Araujo M, Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda D, Alonso D, Bartumeus F. Epidemic thresholds and human mobility. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):11409.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"21026_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s41256-024-00359-w","volume":"9","author":"S Yasobant","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yasobant S, Bhavsar P, Lekha KS, Patil S, Falkenberg T, Bruchhausen W, et al. One Health Risk and Disease (OHRAD): a tool to prioritise the risks for epidemic-prone diseases from One Health perspective. Global Health Research and Policy. 2024;9(1):20.","journal-title":"Global Health Research and Policy"},{"key":"21026_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Or Z, Gandr\u00e9 C, Durand Zaleski I, Steffen M. France\u2019s response to the Covid-19 pandemic: between a rock and a hard place. Health Econ Policy Law. 2022;17(1):14\u201326.","DOI":"10.1017\/S1744133121000165"},{"key":"21026_CR50","unstructured":"CRED. EM-DAT - The international disaster database. [cited 2024 Jan 10]. EM-DAT - The international disaster database. Available from: https:\/\/www.emdat.be\/."},{"issue":"12","key":"21026_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e420","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30307-9","volume":"17","author":"FM Guerra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guerra FM, Bolotin S, Lim G, Heffernan J, Deeks SL, Li Y, et al. The basic reproduction number (R0) of measles: a systematic review. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(12):e420\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"21026_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21040410","volume":"21","author":"RK Kakulu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kakulu RK, Kimaro EG, Mpolya EA. Effectiveness of Point of Entry Health Screening Measures among Travelers in the Detection and Containment of the International Spread of COVID-19: A Review of the Evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024;21(4):410.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"21026_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garriga C, Valero-Gaspar T, Rodriguez-Blazquez C, Diaz A, Bezzegh P, Da\u0148kov\u00e1 \u0160, et al. Identification of methodological issues regarding direct impact indicators of COVID-19: a rapid scoping review on morbidity, severity and mortality. Eur J Public Health. 2024;34(Supplement_1):i3\u201310.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckae072"},{"issue":"3","key":"21026_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17984","DOI":"10.2196\/17984","volume":"8","author":"I Spasic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spasic I, Nenadic G. Clinical Text Data in Machine Learning: Systematic Review. JMIR Med Inform. 2020;8(3):e17984.","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"issue":"73","key":"21026_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.07.012","volume":"1","author":"K Kreimeyer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kreimeyer K, Foster M, Pandey A, Arya N, Halford G, Jones SF, et al. Natural language processing systems for capturing and standardizing unstructured clinical information: A systematic review. J Biomed Inform. 2017;1(73):14\u201329.","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-024-21026-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-024-21026-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-024-21026-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T02:08:44Z","timestamp":1735870124000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-024-21026-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["21026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-21026-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4773710\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The processing of survey participants' data complies in all respects with the obligations of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the current version of the OJ L 119, 04.05.2016; cor. OJ L 127, 23.5.2018. the official text of the Regulation (EU) 2016\/679 is available here\n                      \n                      . All study participants completed the survey online and provided informed consent to participate in the published study. Two participants asked not to be named.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"21"}}