{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T23:23:01Z","timestamp":1778628181786,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-23243-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T04:15:44Z","timestamp":1748492144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Coping skills and associated sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors among women with breast cancer in Iraq: a cross-sectional study\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Rasha","family":"Mohammed Alsdfan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1039-6304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azidah","family":"Abdul Kadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd Noor","family":"Norhayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Baqer Abbas","family":"Al-Jubouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"23243_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hys119","volume":"42","author":"N Alcalar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alcalar N, Ozkan S, Kucucuk S, Aslay I, Ozkan M. Association of coping style, cognitive errors and cancer-related variables with depression in women treated for breast cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2012;42(10):940\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jjco\/hys119","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"23243_CR2","first-page":"502","volume":"75","author":"M Alghamdi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alghamdi M. Cross-cultural validation and psychometric properties of the Arabic brief COPE in Saudi population. Med J Malay. 2020;75(5):502\u20139.","journal-title":"Med J Malay"},{"issue":"October","key":"23243_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/ecc.13191","volume":"1","author":"BY Ardakani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ardakani BY. Body image and its relationship with coping strategies: the views of Iranian breast cancer women following surgery. Eur Lournal Cancer Care. 2019;1(October):5\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ecc.13191","journal-title":"Eur Lournal Cancer Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"23243_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.21608\/menj.2022.300610","volume":"7","author":"A Atya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Atya A, Eshra D, El-malky M, Ashour E. Coping strategies of women after mastectomy. Menoufia Nurs J. 2022a;7(2):485\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/menj.2022.300610","journal-title":"Menoufia Nurs J"},{"issue":"2","key":"23243_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.21608\/menj.2022.300601","volume":"7","author":"A Atya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Atya A, Eshra D, El-malky M, Ashour E. Effect of nursing intervention on coping strategies of women after mastectomy. Menoufia Nurs J. 2022b;7(2):465\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/menj.2022.300601","journal-title":"Menoufia Nurs J"},{"key":"23243_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1414.021","volume":"1138","author":"MA Awad","year":"2008","unstructured":"Awad MA, Denic S, El Taji H. Validation of the European organization for research and treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaires for Arabic-speaking populations. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1138:146\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1414.021","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"23243_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.17816\/clinpract81061","volume":"12","author":"LI Baiushkina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baiushkina LI. Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic migraine, depending on their personality profile. J Clin Pract. 2021;12(4):38\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17816\/clinpract81061","journal-title":"J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327558ijbm0401_6","volume":"4","author":"CS Carver","year":"1997","unstructured":"Carver CS. You want to measure coping but your protocol\u2019s too long: consider the brief COPE. Int J Behav Med. 1997;4(1):92\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327558ijbm0401_6","journal-title":"Int J Behav Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"23243_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5663.The","volume":"30","author":"K Crosthwaite","year":"2021","unstructured":"Crosthwaite K, Advisor F, Lester J. The mediating role of avoidant coping in the relationships between physical, psychological, and social wellbeing and distress. Breast Cancer Survivors Andrea. 2021;30(7):1\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pon.5663.The","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Survivors Andrea"},{"issue":"4","key":"23243_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1037\/rep0000188","volume":"62","author":"S DeDios-Stern","year":"2017","unstructured":"DeDios-Stern S, Lee EJ, Nitsch K. Clinical utility and psychometric properties of the brief: coping with problems experienced with caregivers. Rehabil Psychol. 2017;62(4):609\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/rep0000188","journal-title":"Rehabil Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31783","volume":"125","author":"R Dev","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dev R, Kim YJ, Reddy A, Hui D, Tanco K, Liu D, Park M, Williams J, Carmack C, Bruera E. Association between tobacco use, pain expression, and coping strategies among patients with advanced cancer. Cancer. 2019;125(1):153\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.31783","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-021-02885-3","volume":"31","author":"L Guti\u00e9rrez-Hermoso","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Hermoso L, Velasco-Furlong L, S\u00e1nchez-Rom\u00e1n S, Berzal-P\u00e9rez E, Alcocer-Castillejos N, Quiroz-Friedman P. The effect of treatment and coping on the quality of life in breast cancer patients: a moderated mediation model. Qual Life Res. 2022;31(1):147\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11136-021-02885-3","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"23243_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hanoch L. Psychosocial adaptation to cancer: The role of coping strategies. BMC Nursing, 2018;5(7:10). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6955-5-7","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6955-5-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"23243_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5259","volume":"29","author":"LJ Jabbarian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jabbarian LJ, Korfage IJ, \u010cerv B, van Delden JJM, Deliens L, Miccinesi G, Payne S, Thit Johnsen A, Verkissen MN, Wilcock A, van der Heide A, Rietjens JAC. Coping strategies of patients with advanced lung or colorectal cancer in six European countries: insights from the ACTION study. Psycho-oncology. 2020;29(2):347\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pon.5259","journal-title":"Psycho-oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR15","first-page":"247","volume":"2","author":"R Kavitha","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kavitha R, Jayan C. Role of social support on Cancer distress among breast Cancer patients. Guru J Behav Social Sci. 2014;2(1):247\u201351.","journal-title":"Guru J Behav Social Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-022-01792-0","volume":"22","author":"BA Kelkil","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kelkil BA, Atnafu NT, Dinegde NG, Wassie M. Coping strategies of stress and its associated factors among breast cancer patients in Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital, Ethiopia: Institution-based cross-sectional study. BMC Women\u2019s Health. 2022;22(1):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-022-01792-0","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"23243_CR17","first-page":"105","volume":"18","author":"N Khalili","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khalili N, Farajzadegan Z, Mokarian F, Bahrami F. Coping strategies, quality of life and pain in women with breast cancer. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2013;18(2):105\u201311. https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/jnmr\/fulltext\/2013\/18020\/Coping_strategies,_quality_of_life_and_pain_in.4.aspx","journal-title":"Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res"},{"key":"23243_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maurer T, Th\u00f6ne K, Obi N, Jung AY, Behrens S, Becher H, Chang-Claude J. Health-Related quality of life in a cohort of breast Cancer survivors over more than 10 years Post-Diagnosis and in comparison to a control cohort. Cancers. 2021;13(8). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers13081854","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13081854"},{"key":"23243_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mayouf MM, Yasir AA. Social support and its relationship to self hardiness among breast cancer women. International Journal of Health Sciences, 2022;6(22):11886\u201311894. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53730\/ijhs.v6nS2.8202 Social.","DOI":"10.53730\/ijhs.v6nS2.8202"},{"issue":"2","key":"23243_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.6018\/analesps.35.2.336941","volume":"35","author":"MJ Mingorance","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mingorance MJ, Arbinaga F, M\u00e1rquez JC, Bayo-Calero J. Coping strategies and self-esteem in women with breast cancer. Anales De Psicologia. 2019;35(2):188\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6018\/analesps.35.2.336941","journal-title":"Anales De Psicologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"23243_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.2020.1816873","volume":"155","author":"M Mohammadipour","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohammadipour M, Pidad F. Coping strategies, locus of control, and quality of life in patients with Early-Stage breast Cancer. J Psychol. 2021;155(4):375\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00223980.2020.1816873","journal-title":"J Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"23243_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4741.2009.00812.x","volume":"5","author":"M Mohammed Al-Azri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mohammed Al-Azri M. Coping with a diagnosis of breast Cancer-Literature review and implications for developing countries. Breast J. 2019;5(6):615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1524-4741.2009.00812.x","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"23243_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Morales-S\u00e1nchez L, Luque-Ribelles V, Gil-Olarte P, Ruiz-Gonz\u00e1lez P, Guil R. Enhancing Self-Esteem and body image of breast Cancer women through interventions: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18041640","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041640"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.51589","volume":"16","author":"IJ Mustafa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mustafa IJ, Abdullah OR, Al-Saffar N, Ahmed RF, Fouad M. Quality of life assessment in women with breast Cancer in Nineveh, Iraq. Cureus. 2023;16(1):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.51589","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"January","key":"23243_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3592","DOI":"10.19082\/1575","volume":"9","author":"ZS Nezamodini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nezamodini ZS, Rezvani Z, Kian K. Coping response following a diagnosis of breast cancer: A systematic review Esmat. Electron Physician. 2017;9(January):3592\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19082\/1575","journal-title":"Electron Physician"},{"issue":"19","key":"23243_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10194469","volume":"10","author":"E O\u00b4smia\u0142owska","year":"2021","unstructured":"O\u00b4smia\u0142owska E, \u02dbag WM, Chabowski M, \u00b4nska BJ-P. Coping strategies, pain, and quality of life in patients with breast Cancer. Clin Med Article. 2021;10(19):2\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10194469","journal-title":"Clin Med Article"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-021-06477-2","volume":"30","author":"H Okati-Aliabad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Okati-Aliabad H, Ansari-Moghadam A, Mohammadi M, Kargar S, Shahraki-Sanavi F. The prevalence of anxiety and depression and its association with coping strategies, supportive care needs, and social support among women with breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2022;30(1):703\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-021-06477-2","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"23243_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1188\/19.CJON.583-590","volume":"23","author":"J Perez-Tejada","year":"2019","unstructured":"Perez-Tejada J, Garmendia L, Labaka A, Vegas O, Lazaro E, Arregi A. Active and passive coping strategies. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2019;23(6):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1188\/19.CJON.583-590","journal-title":"Clin J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"23243_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rashid AA, Abdulzahra R, Hussein M, Hashim W. (2022). Assessing the quality of life in breast Cancer women: A cross sectional descriptive study. 23, 2299\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31557\/APJCP.2022.23.7.2299","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2022.23.7.2299"},{"issue":"5","key":"23243_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.18502\/ijph.v48i5.1796","volume":"48","author":"N Refaee Saeedi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Refaee Saeedi N, Sharbaf A, Asghari Ebrahimabad H, M. J., Kareshki H. Psychological consequences of breast cancer in Iran: A meta-analysis. Iran J Public Health. 2019;48(5):816\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijph.v48i5.1796","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"23243_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2022.394.12322","volume":"39","author":"FD Rivera-Cruzatt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rivera-Cruzatt FD, Cubillas-Espinoza PP, Malvaceda-Espinoza EL. Psychological coping in female breast Cancer patients from a metropolitan Lima hospital. Revista Peruana De Med Experimental Y Salud Publica. 2022;39(4):400\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17843\/rpmesp.2022.394.12322","journal-title":"Revista Peruana De Med Experimental Y Salud Publica"},{"key":"23243_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roszkowska M, Bia\u0142czyk K. Coping styles and quality of life in breast Cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Cancers. 2023;15(23). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers15235515","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15235515"},{"key":"23243_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruiz-Rodr\u00edguez I, Hombrados-Mendieta I, Melguizo-Gar\u00edn A, Martos-M\u00e9ndez MJ. The importance of social support, optimism and resilience on the quality of life of Cancer patients. Front Psychol. 2022;13(March). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.833176","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.833176"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-020-01106-2","volume":"20","author":"HL S\u00f8rensen","year":"2020","unstructured":"S\u00f8rensen HL, Schj\u00f8lberg TK, Sm\u00e5stuen MC, Utne I. Social support in early-stage breast cancer patients with fatigue. BMC Women\u2019s Health. 2020;20(1):243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-020-01106-2","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"23243_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sung H. (2021). Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 71(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21660","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"issue":"1","key":"23243_CR36","first-page":"11","volume":"11","author":"AS Terkaw","year":"2017","unstructured":"Terkaw AS, Tsang S. Development and validation of Arabic version of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Saudi J Gastroenterol \u00b7. 2017;11(1):11.","journal-title":"Saudi J Gastroenterol \u00b7"},{"issue":"4","key":"23243_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.4.1645","volume":"13","author":"X Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang S, Sen, Peng RJ, Qin T, Shi YX, Teng XY, Liu DG, Chen WQ, Yuan ZY. Interaction of coping styles and psychological stress on anxious and depressive symptoms in Chinese breast cancer patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(4):1645\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.4.1645","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"December 2020","key":"23243_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2020.101892","volume":"50","author":"H Zamanian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zamanian H, Amini-Tehrani M, Jalali Z, Daryaafzoon M, Ala S, Tabrizian S, Foroozanfar S. Perceived social support, coping strategies, anxiety and depression among women with breast cancer: evaluation of a mediation model. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2021;50(December 2020):101892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejon.2020.101892","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"issue":"5","key":"23243_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqu024","volume":"64","author":"AS Zigmond","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Occup Med. 1983;64(5):393\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/occmed\/kqu024","journal-title":"Occup Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23243-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23243-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23243-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T04:15:45Z","timestamp":1748492145000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23243-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["23243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23243-9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5399540\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The trial was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM\/JEPeM\/KK\/23030229), and the Iraqi Ministry of Health was performed in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Participants were informed that their involvement was voluntary and that they could withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1992"}}