{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:09:26Z","timestamp":1759334966251,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Atlantic Technological University"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002081","name":"Irish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002081","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, University of Galway"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-23604-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T11:29:43Z","timestamp":1759231783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lyme borreliosis risk perceptions, disease knowledge, and training among at-risk groups"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gormally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caitr\u00edona","family":"Carlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"23604_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1080\/17843286.2019.1694293","volume":"76","author":"O Vandekerckhove","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vandekerckhove O, De Buck E, Van Wijngaerden E. Lyme disease in Western europe: an emerging problem? A systematic review. Acta Clin Belg. 2021;76(3):244\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17843286.2019.1694293.","journal-title":"Acta Clin Belg"},{"issue":"1","key":"23604_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdw017","volume":"39","author":"RA Sykes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sykes RA, Makiello P. An estimate of Lyme borreliosis incidence in Western Europe. J Public Health (Oxf). 2017;39(1):74\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pubmed\/fdw017.","journal-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"23604_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1579","volume":"30","author":"P Hildenbrand","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hildenbrand P, Craven DE, Jones R, Nemeskal P. Lyme neuroborreliosis: manifestations of a rapidly emerging zoonosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009;30(6):1079\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A1579. Epub 20090403.","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"23604_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-018-3417-1","volume":"38","author":"JA Cardenas-de la Garza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cardenas-de la Garza JA, De la Cruz-Valadez E, Ocampo-Candiani J, Welsh O. Clinical spectrum of Lyme disease. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019;38(2):201\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-018-3417-1.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"23604_CR5","unstructured":"HPSC. Primary Prevention and Surveillance of Lyme Borreliosis in Ireland. Health Protection and Surveillance Centre. https:\/\/www.hpsc.ie\/a-z\/vectorborne\/lymedisease\/informationforhealthcareprofessionals\/Primary%20Prevention%20and%20Surveillance%20of%20Lyme%20Borreliosis%20in%20Ireland.pdf (2019). Accessed 05\/09\/2024."},{"issue":"1","key":"23604_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13669-w","volume":"22","author":"L Blanchard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Blanchard L, Jones-Diette J, Lorenc T, Sutcliffe K, Sowden A, Thomas J. Comparison of National surveillance systems for Lyme disease in humans in Europe and North america: a policy review. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):1307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-022-13669-w. Epub 20220707.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"23604_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garcia-Vozmediano A, Giglio G, Ramassa E, Nobili F, Rossi L, Tomassone L. Low risk perception about ticks and Tick-Borne diseases in an area recently invaded by ticks in Northwestern Italy. Veterinary Sci. 2021;8(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci8070131.","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8070131"},{"key":"23604_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"St Pierre SE, Gould ON, Lloyd V. Knowledge and knowledge needs about lyme disease among occupational and recreational users of the outdoors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(1). Epub 20200105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17010355","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010355"},{"issue":"1545\u20131534 Elect","key":"23604_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2013.09.009","volume":"25","author":"JM Knoll","year":"2014","unstructured":"Knoll JM, Ridgeway AC, Boogaerts CM, Burket GA 3rd. Appalachian trail hikers\u2019 ability to recognize Lyme disease by visual stimulus photographs. Wilderness Environ Med. 2014;25(1545\u20131534 Electronic):24\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wem.2013.09.009.","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ Med"},{"key":"23604_CR10","unstructured":"HPSC. Lyme disease: Health Protection Surveillance Centre. 2019. https:\/\/www.hpsc.ie\/a-z\/vectorborne\/lymedisease\/factsheet\/ Accessed 27\/07\/2023."},{"key":"23604_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100736","volume":"18","author":"R Fang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fang R, Li S, Lyu Y, Yang X, Wang T, Li S. Behavioral and cognitive factors influencing tick-borne disease risk in Northeast china: implications for prevention and control strategies. One Health. 2024;18:100736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100736.","journal-title":"One Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"23604_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518","volume":"11","author":"A Zintl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zintl A, Zaid T, McKiernan F, Naranjo-Lucena A, Gray J, Brosnan S, et al. Update on the presence of Ixodes ricinus at the Western limit of its range and the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu Lato. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2020;11(6):101518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101518.","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"23604_CR13","unstructured":"HSA. Lyme Disease: Health and Safety Authority. 2023.\u00a0https:\/\/www.hsa.ie\/eng\/topics\/biological_agents\/specific_biological_agents_diseases\/lyme_disease\/. Accessed 27\/07\/2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"23604_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1249\/jsr.0000000000000118","volume":"14","author":"KM DuPrey","year":"2015","unstructured":"DuPrey KM. Lyme disease in athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2015;14(1):51\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/jsr.0000000000000118.","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"23604_CR15","unstructured":"DAFM. Summary report of the results of the public consultation in the context of the communication on developing a shared vision for the role of trees and forests and a national forest strategy for Ireland. Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine. 2023.\u00a0file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/Riona\/Downloads\/233827_ad8fd157-e25e-4513-97e2-f962d8293bdd-3.pdf. Accessed 05\/05\/2024."},{"issue":"7","key":"23604_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e025916","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025916","volume":"9","author":"V Cairns","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cairns V, Wallenhorst C, Rietbrock S, Martinez C. Incidence of Lyme disease in the UK: a population-based cohort study. BMJ Open. 2019;9(7):e025916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025916.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"23604_CR17","unstructured":"NICE. Lyme Disease - Recommendations. 2018. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng95\/chapter\/Recommendations#diagnosis. Accessed 23\/04\/2023."},{"key":"23604_CR18","unstructured":"ECDC. T ick surveillance effort over 2015\u20132019: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications-data\/tick-surveillance-effort-2015-2019. Accessed: 27\/07\/2023."},{"key":"23604_CR19","unstructured":"HPSC. Lyme Disease. Health Protection Surveillance Centre. 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/www.hpsc.ie\/a-z\/vectorborne\/lymedisease. Accessed 27\/07\/2023."},{"key":"23604_CR20","unstructured":"ECDC. Surveillence Atlas of Infectious Diseases. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. 2022.\u00a0https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/surveillance-atlas-infectious-diseases\u00a0. Accessed 27\/07\/2023.9."},{"issue":"2","key":"23604_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-017-1700-2","volume":"187","author":"A Vellinga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vellinga A, Kilkelly H, Cullinan J, Hanahoe B, Cormican M. Geographic distribution and incidence of Lyme borreliosis in the West of Ireland. Ir J Med Sci. 2018;187(2):435\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-017-1700-2.","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"23604_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940510005932","volume":"33","author":"L Stjernberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stjernberg L, Berglund J. Tick prevention in a population living in a highly endemic area. Scand J Public Health. 2005;33(6):432\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14034940510005932.","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"23604_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.07.008","volume":"10","author":"S Niesobecki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Niesobecki S, Hansen A, Rutz H, Mehta S, Feldman K, Meek J, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding tick-borne disease prevention in endemic areas. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2019;10(6):101264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2019.07.008.","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"23604_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/s0749-3797(02)00440-3","volume":"23","author":"TF Jones","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jones TF, Garman RL, LaFleur B, Stephan SJ, Schaffner W. Risk factors for tick exposure and suboptimal adherence to preventive recommendations. Am J Prev Med. 2002;23(1):47\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0749-3797(02)00440-3.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"23604_CR25","volume-title":"An investigation of Tick-Borne disease awareness and prevention among an At-risk group in Ireland","author":"S Coffey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Coffey S. An investigation of Tick-Borne disease awareness and prevention among an At-risk group in Ireland. Connaught: Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology; 2021."},{"key":"23604_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Urcuqui-Bustamante AM, Perry KC, Leahy J, Sponarski C, Gardner A. Factors influencing private woodland owners\u2019 land management decisions on Lyme disease mitigation in Maine. Trees Forests People. 2024;100603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tfp.2024.100603.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tfp.2024.100603"},{"issue":"1","key":"23604_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1539-2","volume":"15","author":"C Aenishaenslin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aenishaenslin C, Michel P, Ravel A, Gern L, Milord F, Waaub J-P, et al. Factors associated with preventive behaviors regarding Lyme disease in Canada and switzerland: a comparative study. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-015-1539-2.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"23604_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Septfons A, Figoni J, Gautier A, Soullier N, de Valk H, Desenclos JC. BMC Public Health. 2021;8(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-021-11850-1.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11850-1"},{"key":"23604_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wozinska M, Toczylowski K, Lewandowski D, Bojkiewicz E, Sulik A. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding Lyme borreliosis prevention in the endemic area of Northeastern Poland. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(12). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines10122163.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10122163"},{"key":"23604_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fellin E, Varin M, Millien V. Outdoor worker knowledge of ticks and Lyme disease in Qu\u00e9bec. Zoonoses Public Health. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/zph.13167.","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13167"},{"key":"23604_CR31","volume-title":"A guide to habitats in Ireland","author":"J Fossitt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fossitt J. A guide to habitats in Ireland. Heritage Council; 2000."},{"key":"23604_CR32","unstructured":"HSE. Lyme Disease. Health Service Executive. 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/www2.hse.ie\/conditions\/lyme-disease. Accessed 27\/07\/2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"23604_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101605","volume":"12","author":"CC Nawrocki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nawrocki CC, Hinckley AF. Experiences with tick exposure, Lyme disease, and use of personal prevention methods for tick bites among members of the U.S. Population, 2013\u20132015. Ticks Tick-borne Dis. 2021;12(1):101605. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2020.101605.","journal-title":"Ticks Tick-borne Dis"},{"key":"23604_CR34","unstructured":"HPSC. Annual Reports on Lyme Disease. Health Protection Surveillance Centre. 2020.\u00a0https:\/\/www.hpsc.ie\/a-z\/vectorborne\/lymedisease\/epidemiologicaldata. Accessed: 27\/07\/2023."},{"key":"23604_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dernat S, Johany F. Tick bite risk as a Socio-Spatial Representation\u2014An exploratory study in Massif central, France. Land. 2019;8(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/land8030046.","DOI":"10.3390\/land8030046"},{"key":"23604_CR36","unstructured":"NHS. The tick challenge - raising awareness of Lyme disease in the Outer Hebrides. NHS Western Isles. 2020.\u00a0https:\/\/www.promotionswi.scot.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/A0-Template-ticks.pdf. Accessed 21\/01\/2025."}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23604-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23604-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23604-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:02:31Z","timestamp":1759276951000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23604-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["23604"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-025-23604-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2458"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval of the experimental protocol presented in this paper was given by the University of Galway (formally National University of Ireland, Galway) ethics committee, reference number 20-Mar-14. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"3160"}}