{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:51:45Z","timestamp":1793245905551,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005851","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["43007051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["43007051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005851","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-026-26552-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T12:55:56Z","timestamp":1771246556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The role of cobalt exposure in the incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ali Amiri","family":"Motlagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Kashefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaser","family":"Soleimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Azizur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amina","family":"Al-Marzouqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza Mosavi","family":"Jarrahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"48","key":"26552_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17574","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b09755","volume":"139","author":"Y Qi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qi Y, et al. Unique transformation from graphene to carbide on Re(0001) induced by strong Carbon-Metal interaction. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139(48):17574\u201381.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"26552_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1524057","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1524057","volume":"16","author":"L Montoya","year":"2025","unstructured":"Montoya L, Escobar-Briones E. Unveiling the significance of prokaryotic composition from ferromanganese crusts regarding the interlink between Cobalt and vitamin B(12) in deep-sea ecosystems. Front Microbiol. 2025;16:1524057.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"26552_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lis Kinga. \u201cDesensitization for Vitamin B12 Hypersensitivity and How to Do It.\u201d Biomedicines. 2025;13(4):801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines13040801.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13040801"},{"key":"26552_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2017.05.015","volume":"387","author":"L Leyssens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Leyssens L, et al. Cobalt toxicity in humans-A review of the potential sources and systemic health effects. Toxicology. 2017;387:43\u201356.","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"26552_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ma Y, Lin W, Ruan Y, Lu H, Fan S, Chen D, et al. Advances of cobalt nanomaterials as anti-infection agents, drug Carriers, and immunomodulators for potential infectious disease treatment. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(11):2351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics14112351. PMID: 36365168; PMCID: PMC9696703.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14112351"},{"key":"26552_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.02.411","volume":"672","author":"Z Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen Z, Zhang L, Xu Z. Tracking and quantifying the Cobalt flows in Mainland China during 1994\u20132016: insights into use, trade and prospective demand. Sci Total Environ. 2019;672:752\u201362.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"1","key":"26552_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7052","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56617-x","volume":"14","author":"A Hamilton","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hamilton A, et al. Clean-up of divalent Cobalt ions by massive sequestration in a low-cost calcium silicate hydrate material. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):7052.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"26552_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12790","volume":"77","author":"M Klasson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Klasson M, et al. Biological monitoring of dermal and air exposure to Cobalt at a Swedish hard metal production plant: does dermal exposure contribute to uptake? Contact Dermat. 2017;77(4):201\u20137.","journal-title":"Contact Dermat"},{"key":"26552_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2023.114954","volume":"191","author":"M Kaur","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kaur M, et al. Microplastics\/nanoplastics released from facemasks as contaminants of emerging concern. Mar Pollut Bull. 2023;191:114954.","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"26552_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s43615-021-00012-5","volume":"1","author":"X Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun X, et al. Criticality assessment of the life cycle of passenger vehicles produced in China. Circ Econ Sustain. 2021;1(1):435\u201355.","journal-title":"Circ Econ Sustain"},{"issue":"12","key":"26552_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200099","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.202200099","volume":"6","author":"X Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu X, et al. Current challenges in efficient Lithium-Ion batteries\u2019 recycling: A perspective. Glob Chall. 2022;6(12):2200099.","journal-title":"Glob Chall"},{"issue":"3","key":"26552_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1265\/jjh.71.252","volume":"71","author":"Y Morimoto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morimoto Y, Kobayashi N. [Evaluations of the carcinogenicity of carbon Nanotubes, Fluoro-Edinite, and silicon carbide by the international agency for research on cancer (IARC)]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 2016;71(3):252\u20139.","journal-title":"Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi"},{"issue":"1","key":"26552_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3333-2","volume":"17","author":"R Sauni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sauni R, et al. Cancer incidence among Finnish male Cobalt production workers in 1969\u20132013: a cohort study. BMC Cancer. 2017;17(1):340.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"26552_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2025.117506","volume":"504","author":"A de Conti","year":"2025","unstructured":"de Conti A, et al. Carcinogenicity of some metals evaluated by the IARC monographs: A synopsis of the evaluations of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, and antimony. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2025;504:117506.","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"26552_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2017.09.005","volume":"780","author":"N Ding","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ding N, Maiuri AR, O\u2019Hagan HM. The emerging role of epigenetic modifiers in repair of DNA damage associated with chronic inflammatory diseases. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res. 2019;780:69\u201381.","journal-title":"Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res"},{"key":"26552_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2022.112024","volume":"238","author":"C Angel\u00e9-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Angel\u00e9-Mart\u00ednez C, et al. Cobalt-mediated oxidative DNA damage and its prevention by polyphenol antioxidants. J Inorg Biochem. 2023;238:112024.","journal-title":"J Inorg Biochem"},{"key":"26552_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barth DA, et al. \u201cLong-Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) in Cancer.\u201d Non-coding RNA. 2020;6(3):27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ncrna6030027.","DOI":"10.3390\/ncrna6030027"},{"issue":"6","key":"26552_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-025-02727-z","volume":"42","author":"HA Owida","year":"2025","unstructured":"Owida HA, et al. Deciphering the role of circular RNAs in cancer progression under hypoxic conditions. Med Oncol. 2025;42(6):191.","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"26552_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2023-109371","volume":"81","author":"K Kilbo Edlund","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kilbo Edlund K, et al. Occupational particle exposure and chronic kidney disease: a cohort study in Swedish construction workers. Occup Environ Med. 2024;81(5):238\u201343.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"26552_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Halimi A, Karimiyan M, Khavari T, Azizi F, Asadipour F, Soleimani Y, Mosavi Jarrahi, A. The Role of Cobalt Exposure in the Incidence of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol. Asian Pac J Environ Cancer. 2023;6(1):139\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31557\/apjec.2023.6.1.139-145.","DOI":"10.31557\/apjec.2023.6.1.139-145"},{"key":"26552_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71.","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-026-26552-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-026-26552-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-026-26552-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T11:50:05Z","timestamp":1774353005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12889-026-26552-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["26552"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-026-26552-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was based exclusively on previously published studies and publicly available data. No new human participants were involved. Therefore, ethical approval and informed consent were not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"955"}}