{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T01:51:02Z","timestamp":1781833862548,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-026-27129-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T02:05:06Z","timestamp":1777601106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Temporal trends of vaccination coverage in children under five in Brazil, 1998\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Cesar Augusto Pascali","family":"Rago","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maykon Anderson Pires","family":"de Novais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Zucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"27129_CR1","unstructured":"Enore R, Freitas B, Silva R, Ga\u00edva M. Vaccination coverage and abandonment among. [Online]. S\u00e3o Paulo; 2024. Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/rpp\/a\/RLVv6pYpbrYc9shY9KTJvbv\/?format=pdf&lang=en. Cited 2025 06 22"},{"key":"27129_CR2","unstructured":"Patil S, Shreffler W. Novel vaccines: Technology and development. 2019 Available from: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0091674918307838. . Cited 2025 08 14"},{"key":"27129_CR3","unstructured":"WHO. World Health Organization. 2020 Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/the-global-vaccine-action-plan-2011-2020-review-and-lessons-learned-strategic-advisory-group-of-experts-on-immunization. . Cited 2025 10 01"},{"key":"27129_CR4","unstructured":"WHO. World Health Organization. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals\/strategies\/ia2030. Cited 2025 06 10"},{"key":"27129_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nandi A, Shet A. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2019.1708669. 2020. Available from: https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/21645515.2019.1708669. Cited 2025 10 01","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1708669"},{"key":"27129_CR6","unstructured":"Brasil, Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Programa Nacional de Imuniza\u00e7\u00f5es (PNI): 30 anos. [Online].; 2003 Available from: https:\/\/bvsms.saude.gov.br\/bvs\/publicacoes\/livro_30_anos_pni.pdf. Cited 2024 Mar 22"},{"key":"27129_CR7","unstructured":"Brasil. Di\u00e1rio Oficial da Uni\u00e3o, 31\/10\/1975. Available from: https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/leis\/l6259.htm. . Cited 2025 06 10"},{"key":"27129_CR8","unstructured":"P\u00e9rcio J, Fernandes E, Maciel E, Lima N. Epidemiol. Serv. Sa\u00fade. 2023 Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/ress\/a\/gYPFRhJ6CZNQKqYzJ4KCvwk\/?lang=en#. Cited 2024 05 01"},{"key":"27129_CR9","unstructured":"Instituto Butantan. Portal do Butantan. 2023 Available from: https:\/\/butantan.gov.br\/noticias\/pni-50-anos-entenda-por-que-o-programa-brasileiro-de-vacinacao-e-referencia-internacional-em-saude-publica. Cited 2025 03 12"},{"key":"27129_CR10","unstructured":"Schatzmayr H, Filippis A, Friedrich F, Leal M. Erradica\u00e7\u00e3o da poliomielite no Brasil: a contribui\u00e7\u00e3o da Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro; 2002 Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/hcsm\/a\/7Y3DZHY5mKzLVwvbHqykRDm\/?lang=pt. Cited 2022 06 03"},{"key":"27129_CR11","unstructured":"Ag\u00eancia Brasil. Ag\u00eancia Brasil. 2019 Available from: https:\/\/agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br\/saude\/noticia\/2019-03\/brasil-perdera-status-de-pais-livre-do-sarampo-apos-caso-no-para. Cited 2022 06 03"},{"key":"27129_CR12","unstructured":"Brasil. gov.br. Available from: https:\/\/www.gov.br\/saude\/pt-br\/vacinacao. Cited 2025 09 04"},{"key":"27129_CR13","unstructured":"Castro MC MAAGMFNAMSNKea. Lancet. 2019 Available from: https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(19)31243-7\/abstract. Cited 2025 06 10"},{"key":"27129_CR14","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Available from: https:\/\/www.gov.br\/saude\/pt-br\/acesso-a-informacao\/acoes-e-programas\/programa-nacional-de-imunizacoes-vacinacao. Cited 2023 11 23"},{"key":"27129_CR15","unstructured":"Sato A. What is the importance of vaccine hesitancy in the drop of vaccination coverage in Brazil? S\u00e3o Paulo; 2018. Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/rsp\/a\/CS5YRcMc3z4Cq4QtSBDLXXG\/# Cited 2024 08 29"},{"key":"27129_CR16","unstructured":"Alamir A. Childhood vaccination hesitancy in Saudi Arabia: are we still facing a problem? A narrative review. 2024. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC11147599\/. Cited 2024 08 29"},{"key":"27129_CR17","unstructured":"Stoeckel F, Carter C, Lyons B, Reifler J. Association of vaccine hesitancy and immunization coverage rates. 2021 Available from: https:\/\/reader.elsevier.com\/reader\/sd\/pii\/S0264410X21006575?token=73594CC34E40311FF337267A593930FC9DB40DA0785FA2816B8C6BEA69FC0327AB59F773E37CEB3327259E82732E3DCF&originRegion=us-east-1&originCreation=20221026125159. Cited 2022 10 26"},{"key":"27129_CR18","unstructured":"Sato A. Rev Saude Publica. S\u00e3o Paulo 2020. Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/rsp\/a\/FkQQsNnvMMBkxP5Frj5KGgD\/?format=pdf&lang=pt. Cited 2024 06 06"},{"key":"27129_CR19","unstructured":"IBGE. IBGE - Sistema IBGE de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o Autom\u00e1tica - SIDRA. 2022 Available from: https:\/\/sidra.ibge.gov.br\/tabela\/1209. Cited 2025 10 01"},{"key":"27129_CR20","unstructured":"Neves A, Silva L, Amaral GMC SM, Santos Jr. C. Temporal trends in vaccination coverage in the first year of life in Brazil. S\u00e3o Paulo; 2024 Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/rpp\/a\/rSsLhvSts58NDFxh9cQ45SM\/?format=pdf&lang=en. Cited 2025 06 20"},{"key":"27129_CR21","unstructured":"Antunes J, Cardoso M. Using time series analysis in epidemiological studies.; 2015 Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/ress\/a\/zzG7bfRbP7xSmqgWX7FfGZL\/?format=pdf&lang=pt. Cited 2025 03 05"},{"key":"27129_CR22","unstructured":"UNICEF. UNICEF for every child.; 2023 Available from: https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/reports\/state-worlds-children-2023#Reportarea. Cited 2023 05 06"},{"key":"27129_CR23","unstructured":"Moura C, Truche P, Sousa Salgado L, Meireles T, Santana V, Buda A, et al. The impact of COVID-19 on routine pediatric vaccination delivery in. 2022 Available from: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0264410X22002420?via%3Dihub. Cited 2024 01 08"},{"key":"27129_CR24","unstructured":"Silveira M, Tonial C, Maranh\u00e3o A, Teixeira A, Hallal P, Menezes A, et al. Vaccine. Elsevier; 2021 Available from: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0264410X21005053?via%3Dihub. Cited 2024 03 03"},{"key":"27129_CR25","unstructured":"Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Available from: https:\/\/infectologia.org.br\/newsletter-sbi\/o-retorno-da-febre-amarela-em-2025\/. Cited 2025 12 11"},{"key":"27129_CR26","unstructured":"Domingues C, Teixeira A, Moraes J. Jornal de Pediatria. 2023 Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9744707\/. Cited 2024 01 15"},{"key":"27129_CR27","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio do Desenvolvimento e Assist\u00eancia Social, Fam\u00edlia e Combate \u00e0 Fome. [Online]. [cited 2024 03 05. Available from: https:\/\/www.gov.br\/mds\/pt-br\/acoes-e-programas\/bolsa-familia."},{"key":"27129_CR28","unstructured":"Barcelos R, Santos I, Munhoz T, Blumenberg C, Bortolotto C, Matijasevich A. Cobertura vacinal em crian\u00e7as de at\u00e9 2 anos de idade benefici\u00e1rias do Programa Bolsa Fam\u00edlia. 2021 Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/ress\/a\/ysK5G4Cq86KWCD4BkGxDLQG\/?lang=pt#. Cited 2024 01 04"},{"key":"27129_CR29","unstructured":"Umane. Observat\u00f3rio da Aten\u00e7\u00e3o Prim\u00e1ria \u00e0 Sa\u00fade. 2023 Available from: https:\/\/observatoriodaaps.com.br\/tema\/saude. Cited 2024 03 08"},{"key":"27129_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donalisio MR, Boing AC, Sato APS, Martinez EZ, Xavier MO, Almeida RLF de, et al. Vaccination against poliomyelitis in Brazil from 2011 to 2021: successes, setbacks, and challenges ahead. Cien Saude Colet 2023; 28(2):337\u2013337. Available from: http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-81232023000200337&tlng=pt Cited 2023 Jan 24","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-81232023282.17842022en"},{"key":"27129_CR31","unstructured":"Taschner N, Almeida P, Ferreira F[]. Anu\u00e1rio vacinaBR 2025 - Relat\u00f3rio Estat\u00edstico de Vacina\u00e7\u00e3o no Brasil. S\u00e3o Paulo; 2025 Available from: https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/brazil\/innocenti\/media\/33901\/file\/anuario-vacina-interativo-2025_compressed%20(1).pdf.pdf. Cited 2025 08 14"},{"key":"27129_CR32","unstructured":"C\u00e9sare N, Mota T, Lopes F, Lima A, Luzardo R, Quintanilha L, et al. Longitudinal profiling of the vaccination coverage in Brazil reveals a recent change in the patterns hallmarked by differential reduction across regions. 2020 Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7326384\/. Cited 2024 01 15"},{"key":"27129_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Homma A, Maia M, Azevedo I, Figueiredo I, Gomes L, Pereira C. Pela reconquista das altas coberturas vacinais. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/csp\/a\/JjMfSLGDnWJWVhLsZTCX34t\/#","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-311xpt240022"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27129-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27129-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27129-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T01:03:03Z","timestamp":1781830983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27129-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["27129"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27129-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8544540\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The databases consulted do not present identification data of the people who received the vaccines and as this research was based on secondary data, approval by an ethics committee was waived and replaced by the researchers' declaration of responsibility.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors have given consent for publication of this article in BMC Public Health under an open access license.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1921"}}