{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:14:47Z","timestamp":1783487687350,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778889600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-026-27786-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T02:24:13Z","timestamp":1778898253000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of a digital communication and active recall strategy to improve pediatric influenza vaccination in primary care: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Di Mauro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Farella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Manzionna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letizia Alessia","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Di Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Petrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Elisabetta","family":"Baldassarre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Tafuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Laforgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"27786_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a038430","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a038430","volume":"11","author":"J Nayak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nayak J, Hoy G, Gordon A. Influenza in children. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2021;11(1):a038430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a038430.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"27786_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2024068507","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2024-068507","volume":"154","author":"Committee on Infectious Diseases","year":"2024","unstructured":"Committee on Infectious Diseases. Recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in children, 2024\u20132025: policy statement. Pediatrics. 2024;154(4):e2024068507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2024-068507.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"27786_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12030297","volume":"12","author":"A Capodici","year":"2024","unstructured":"Capodici A, Salussolia A, La Fauci G, Di Valerio Z, Montalti M, Odone A, et al. Influenza vaccine uptake in Italy \u2013 the 2022\u20132023 seasonal influenza vaccination campaign in Italy: an update from the OBVIOUS Project. Vaccines (Basel). 2024;12(3):297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines12030297.","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"27786_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-022-01271-0","volume":"48","author":"F D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"2022","unstructured":"D\u2019Ambrosio F, Lanza TE, Messina R, Villani L, Pezzullo AM, Ricciardi W, et al. Influenza vaccination coverage in pediatric population in Italy: an analysis of recent trends. Ital J Pediatr. 2022;48(1):77. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-022-01271-0.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"27786_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-025-02093-6","volume":"51","author":"R Indaco","year":"2025","unstructured":"Indaco R, Leoni F, Panza C, Giorgi Rossi P. Primary care pediatricians\u2019 involvement in influenza vaccination campaign in Italy. Ital J Pediatr. 2025;51(1):259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-025-02093-6.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"27786_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2025.127415","volume":"61","author":"KE Kahn","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kahn KE, Santibanez TA, Jain A, Zhou T, Black CL. Parental reasons for non-receipt of influenza vaccination among children 6 months\u201317 years and changes over time, 2015\u20132024. Vaccine. 2025;61:127415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2025.127415.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"3","key":"27786_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2023065483","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-065483","volume":"153","author":"ST O\u2019Leary","year":"2024","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary ST, Opel DJ, Cataldi JR, Hackell JM, Committee on Infectious Diseases, Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine. Committee on Bioethics. Strategies for improving vaccine communication and uptake. Pediatrics. 2024;153(3):e2023065483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2023-065483.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"27786_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077953","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1077953","volume":"11","author":"FM Grosso","year":"2023","unstructured":"Grosso FM, Baldassarre ME, Grosso R, Di Mauro F, Greco C, Greco S, et al. Do social media interventions increase vaccine uptake? Front Public Health. 2023;11:1077953. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1077953.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"27786_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2025.127401","volume":"61","author":"S Jwa","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jwa S, Imanishi Y, Ascher MT, Dudley MZ. Communication interventions to reduce parental vaccine hesitancy: a systematic review. Vaccine. 2025;61:127401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2025.127401.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"27786_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/ibab148","volume":"12","author":"L Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li L, Wood CE, Kostkova P. Vaccine hesitancy and behavior change theory-based social media interventions: a systematic review. Transl Behav Med. 2022;12(2):243\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/tbm\/ibab148.","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"27786_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-024-01822-7","volume":"50","author":"S Bella","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bella S, Di Ludovico A, Parri N, Di Mauro A, Corsello A. How social media are changing pediatricians and pediatrics? A claim for regulation. Ital J Pediatr. 2024;50(1):251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-024-01822-7.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"27786_CR12","unstructured":"Ministero della Salute. Vaccinazioni. https:\/\/www.salute.gov.it\/new\/it\/tema\/vaccinazioni\/. Accessed 4 Mar 2026."},{"key":"27786_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e50276","DOI":"10.2196\/50276","volume":"25","author":"RK Hansen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hansen RK, Baiju N, Gabarron E. Social media as an effective provider of quality-assured and accurate information to increase vaccine rates: systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2023;25:e50276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/50276.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"27786_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2022.11.007","volume":"70","author":"FJ Real","year":"2023","unstructured":"Real FJ, Zackoff MW, Rosen BL. Using technology to overcome vaccine hesitancy. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2023;70(2):297\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcl.2022.11.007.","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"27786_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2022.11.010","volume":"70","author":"T Wolynn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wolynn T, Hermann C, Hoffman BL. Social media and vaccine hesitancy: help us move the needle. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2023;70(2):329\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcl.2022.11.010.","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"27786_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plabm.2024.e00416","volume":"40","author":"X Su","year":"2024","unstructured":"Su X, Zhou J, Liu L, Gao H, Lin Y, Wang Z, Zhang X, et al. Performance evaluation of influenza A rapid antigen test and PCR among nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples. Pract Lab Med. 2024;40:e00416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.plabm.2024.e00416.","journal-title":"Pract Lab Med"},{"key":"27786_CR17","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. EU case definitions. https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/surveillance-and-disease-data\/eu-case-definitions. Accessed 18 Jul 2020."},{"issue":"3","key":"27786_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2022056967","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-056967","volume":"150","author":"MS Stockwell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stockwell MS, Shone LP, Nekrasova E, Wynn C, Torres A, Griffith M, et al. Text message reminders for the second dose of influenza vaccine for children: an RCT. Pediatrics. 2022;150(3):e2022056967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2022-056967.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"27786_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2020048413","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-048413","volume":"148","author":"C Lerner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lerner C, Albertin C, Casillas A, Duru OK, Ong MK, Vangala S, et al. Patient portal reminders for pediatric influenza vaccinations: a randomized clinical trial. Pediatrics. 2021;148(2):e2020048413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2020-048413.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"27786_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2025.2487915","volume":"24","author":"P Bonanni","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bonanni P, Conversano M, Icardi G, Russo R, Villani A. Strategies to increase influenza vaccination coverage in the Italian pediatric population: a literature review and expert opinion. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2025;24(1):278\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14760584.2025.2487915.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"11","key":"27786_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2242853","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.42853","volume":"5","author":"AE Berset","year":"2022","unstructured":"Berset AE, Burkhardt MC, Xu Y, Mescher A, Brinkman WB. Effect of electronic outreach using patient portal messages on well child care visit completion: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(11):e2242853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.42853.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"27786_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD013265","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD013265.pub2","volume":"10","author":"S Cooper","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cooper S, Schmidt BM, Sambala EZ, Swartz A, Colvin CJ, Leon N, et al. Factors that influence parents\u2019 and informal caregivers\u2019 views and practices regarding routine childhood vaccination: a qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;10(10):CD013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD013265.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"27786_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20002","DOI":"10.2196\/20002","volume":"22","author":"S Ashfield","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ashfield S, Donelle L. Parental online information access and childhood vaccination decisions in North America: scoping review. J Med Internet Res. 2020;22(10):e20002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/20002.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"27786_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869893","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.869893","volume":"10","author":"A Di Mauro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Di Mauro A, Di Mauro F, De Nitto S, Rizzo L, Greco C, Stefanizzi P, et al. Social media interventions strengthened COVID-19 immunization campaign. Front Pediatr. 2022;10:869893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2022.869893.","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"27786_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-021-01129-x","volume":"47","author":"A Di Mauro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Di Mauro A, Di Mauro F, Greco C, Giannico OV, Grosso FM, Baldassarre ME, et al. In-hospital and web-based intervention to counteract vaccine hesitancy in very preterm infants\u2019 families: a NICU experience. Ital J Pediatr. 2021;47(1):190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-021-01129-x.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27786-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27786-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27786-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T04:29:34Z","timestamp":1783484974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27786-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["27786"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-026-27786-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was a non-interventional prospective observational assessment conducted within routine pediatric primary care. No experimental procedures, investigational products, or additional diagnostic tests were performed for research purposes, and clinical pathways were not altered. According to current Italian regulations on observational studies in healthcare settings, non-interventional research that analyzes routinely collected clinical information and voluntary, non-sensitive questionnaires does not require formal approval by a Research Ethics Committee.All pediatric clinical data were handled in compliance with the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR 2016\/679). Only aggregated results are reported in this manuscript, and no identifiable personal information was analyzed for research purposes.The parental satisfaction questionnaire consisted of non-sensitive items and was voluntary and anonymous; completion and return of the questionnaire was interpreted as implied consent to participate. Parents and legal guardians were informed as part of standard care and were free to accept or decline vaccination.The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This manuscript does not include any individual person\u2019s identifiable data in any form.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2076"}}