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In this study, we evaluated the frequency and risk factors associated with emphysema in respiratory asymptomatic individuals enrolled in our Lung Aging Program. From a cohort of 687 subjects, we found by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) 29 individuals (4%) with emphysematous changes that were compared with 87 controls (3:1) randomly selected from the same cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a transversal, observational, case-control study where we examined demographics and functional characteristics, as well as telomere length and serum Klotho concentration, two conditions that have been associated with aging and some aging-associated diseases including emphysema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Individuals with subclinical pulmonary emphysema were older (72\u2009\u00b1\u20099 versus 67\u2009\u00b1\u20096\u2009years), and primarily smoker males with low body mass index. Despite that they were asymptomatic, two of them exhibited a decrease of forced expiratory volume in 1\u2009s (FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), with a lower FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/FVC suggesting airway obstruction. Cigarette smoking (OR\u2009=\u20095.43, CI95% 1.8\u201316.7), family history of lung disease (OR\u2009=\u20094.32, CI95% 1.0\u201319.0) and lower body mass index (OR 7.22, CI95% 1.2\u20133.5) were risk factors for the development of lung emphysematous changes. No association was found with telomere length and Klotho serum concentration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings reveal that a small but important percentage of older people without respiratory symptoms, present pulmonary emphysema and indicate that smoking exposure and genetic background may contribute to etiological factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-020-01204-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T08:03:02Z","timestamp":1591689782000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Risk factors associated with the detection of pulmonary emphysema in older asymptomatic respiratory subjects"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2825-506X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivette","family":"Buendia-Roldan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexia","family":"Palma-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danaireth","family":"Chan-Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iliana","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariel","family":"Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Brise\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayra","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moises","family":"Selman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1204_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.99.14614549","volume":"13","author":"JP Janssens","year":"1999","unstructured":"Janssens JP, Pache JC, Nicod LP. 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