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In Japan, three different once-daily fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) have been prescribed since 2015, although a direct comparison of these FDCs has never been performed. The objective of the present study was to compare the effectiveness, preference, and safety of three LAMA\/LABA FDCs\u2014glycopyrronium\/indacaterol (Gly\/Ind), umeclidinium\/vilanterol (Ume\/Vil), and tiotropium\/olodaterol (Tio\/Olo)\u2014in patients with COPD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We enrolled 75 COPD outpatients (male:female ratio, 69:6; 77.4\u2009\u00b1\u20096.9\u00a0years). A prospective, randomized, crossover study was conducted on three groups using three FDCs: Gly\/Ind; Ume\/Vil; and Tio\/Olo. Each medication was administered for 4\u00a0weeks before crossover (total 12\u00a0weeks). After each FDC administration, a respiratory function test and questionnaire survey were conducted. A comparative questionnaire survey of all three LAMA\/LABA FDCs was conducted after 12\u00a0weeks (following administration of final FDC).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>No significant differences in COPD Assessment Test or modified Medical Research Council dyspnea questionnaire were reported in the surveys completed after each FDC administration; no significant differences in spirometric items were observed. In the final comparative questionnaire survey, patients reported better actual feeling of being able to inhale following Gly\/Ind administration compared with Tio\/Olo, although no significant differences in adverse events or other evaluations were reported.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The three LAMA\/LABA FDCs administered to COPD patients show similar effects and safety, although some minor individual preference was reported.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Trial registration<\/jats:italic> This study retrospectively registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (number UMIN000041342, registered on August 6, 2020).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01403-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T12:04:09Z","timestamp":1610539449000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A randomized controlled trial of long-acting muscarinic antagonist and long-acting \u03b22 agonist fixed-dose combinations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3406-5393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Muraki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Kunita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Shirahase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Hanada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirochiyo","family":"Sawaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Tohda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1403_CR1","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD): Global strategy for diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive lung disease (2020 Report). https:\/\/goldcopd.org\/gold-reports. 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Other authors have no competing interests to declare.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"26"}}