{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T08:54:01Z","timestamp":1775120041294,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The novel coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 can infect the respiratory tract causing a spectrum of disease varying from mild to fatal pneumonia, and known as COVID-19. Ongoing clinical research is assessing the potential for long-term respiratory sequelae in these patients. We assessed the respiratory function in a cohort of patients after recovering from SARS-Cov-2 infection, stratified according to PaO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/FiO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (p\/F) values.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Approximately one month after hospital discharge, 86 COVID-19 patients underwent physical examination, arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and six-minute walk test (6MWT). Patients were also asked to quantify the severity of dyspnoea and cough before, during, and after hospitalization using a visual analogic scale (VAS). Seventy-six subjects with ABG during hospitalization were stratified in three groups according to their worst p\/F values: above 300 (n\u2009=\u200938), between 200 and 300 (n\u2009=\u200930) and below 200 (n\u2009=\u200920).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On PFTs, lung volumes were overall preserved yet, mean percent predicted residual volume was slightly reduced (74.8\u2009\u00b1\u200918.1%). Percent predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was also mildly reduced (77.2\u2009\u00b1\u200916.5%). Patients reported residual breathlessness at the time of the visit (VAS 19.8, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Patients with p\/F below 200 during hospitalization had lower percent predicted forced vital capacity (p\u2009=\u20090.005), lower percent predicted total lung capacity (p\u2009=\u20090.012), lower DLCO (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and shorter 6MWT distance (p\u2009=\u20090.004) than patients with higher p\/F.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Approximately one month after hospital discharge, patients with COVID-19 can have residual respiratory impairment, including lower exercise tolerance. The extent of this impairment seems to correlate with the severity of respiratory failure during hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01594-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T12:02:38Z","timestamp":1626523358000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Residual respiratory impairment after COVID-19 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Gemelli\u201d IRCCS (Approval Number 0024185\/20).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Universita\u0300 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Rome, Italy) (Approval Number 0024185\/20).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Dr. Lombardi has nothing to disclose; Dr. Calabrese has nothing to disclose; Dr. Iovene reports personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Menarini, outside the submitted work; Dr. Pierandrei has nothing to disclose; Dr. Lerede has nothing to disclose; Dr. Varone reports personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche, outside the submitted work; Dr. Richeldi reports personal fees from FibroGen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche, Biogen, Veracyte, Promedior, outside the submitted work; Dr. Sgalla reports personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"241"}}