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However, its diagnostic accuracy for the HFNC outcome has not yet been systematically assessed. This meta-analysis sought to evaluate the predictive performance of the ROC index for the successful weaning from HFNC in pneumonia patients with AHRF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature search was conducted on electronic databases through February 12, 2022, to retrieve studies that investigated the diagnostic accuracy of the ROC index for the outcome of HFNC application in pneumonia patients with AHRF. The area under the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUHSROC) was estimated as the primary measure of diagnostic accuracy due to the varied cutoff values of the index. We observed the distribution of the cutoff values and estimated the optimal threshold with corresponding 95% confidential interval (CI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen observational studies comprising 1751 patients were included, of whom 1003 (57.3%) successfully weaned from HFNC. The ROC index exhibits good performance for predicting the successful weaning from HFNC in pneumonia patients with AHRF, with an AUHSROC of 0.81 (95% CI 0.77\u20130.84), a pooled sensitivity of 0.71 (95% CI 0.64\u20130.78), and a pooled specificity of 0.78 (95% CI 0.70\u20130.84). The cutoff values of the ROX index were nearly conically symmetrically distributed; most data were centered between 4.5 and 6.0, and the mean and median values were 4.8 (95% CI 4.2\u20135.4) and 5.3 (95% CI 4.2\u20135.5), respectively. Moreover, the AUHSROC in the subgroup of measurement within 6\u00a0h after commencing HFNC was comparable to that in the subgroup of measurement during 6\u201312\u00a0h. The stratified analyses also suggested that the ROC index was a reliable predictor of HFNC success in pneumonia patients with coronavirus disease 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In pneumonia patients with AHRF, the ROX index measured within 12\u00a0h after HFNC initiation is a good predictor of successful weaning from HFNC. The range of 4.2\u20135.4 may represent the optimal confidence interval for the prediction of HFNC outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-01914-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T07:10:09Z","timestamp":1648797009000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["The ROX index as a predictor of high-flow nasal cannula outcome in pneumonia patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiequan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianneng","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaojun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"1914_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1503326","volume":"372","author":"JP Frat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Frat JP, Thille AW, Mercat A, Girault C, Ragot S, Perbet S, et al. 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