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The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical features of parents and children in cases of familial clustering of <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was performed on the cases of familial clustering of <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection, and the clinical characteristics of parents and children were compared.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We identified 63 families, of these, 57 (65.5%) adults and 65 (94.2%) children required hospitalization. Fifty-seven adults (mean age 35.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.6\u00a0years, 80.7% female) and 55 children (mean age 6.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.9\u00a0years, 54.5% female) were included in the analysis. The incidence of mycoplasma infection in adults had increased gradually over the past year, while the rate in children had spiked sharply since June 2023. The clinical symptoms were similar in the two groups, mainly fever and cough. The peak temperature of children was higher than that of adults (39.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7\u2103 vs 38.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7\u2103, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004). Elevated lactate dehydrogenase was more common in children than in adults (77.8% vs 11.3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Bronchial pneumonia and bilateral involvement were more common in children, while adults usually had unilateral involvement. Three (60%) adults and 21 (52.5%) children were macrolide-resistant <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infected. Children were more likely to be co-infected (65.5% vs 22.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Macrolides were used in most children and quinolones were used in most adults. Ten (18.2%) children were diagnosed with severe <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> pneumonia, whereas all adults had mild disease. Children had a significantly longer fever duration than adults ((5.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2) days vs (4.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2) days, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). No patient required mechanical ventilation or died.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection shows a familial clustering epidemic trend at the turn of summer and autumn, with different clinical characteristics between parents and children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-02922-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T12:02:20Z","timestamp":1709553740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comparison of the clinical characteristics in parents and their children in a series of family clustered Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueying","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiqian","family":"Zha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beini","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaohua","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9862-7239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2922_CR1","unstructured":"Xue T. 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This was a retrospective study, and the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, agreed to exempt subjects from the informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"No identifiable patient data or identified individual responses are used in this publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"107"}}