{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T22:34:12Z","timestamp":1794350052938,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prompt and effective management with maintenance therapy (single or dual bronchodilator therapy) is recommended after the initial diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to maintain lung function and prevent exacerbations. Contrary to guideline-based recommendations, most patients are not prescribed maintenance treatment at initial diagnosis. The current study assessed the pharmacologic treatment patterns and outcomes of newly diagnosed patients with COPD in the USA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective, noninterventional study used de-identified data from the Inovalon Insights\u2019 database (Commercial, Medicaid Managed Care, and Medicare Advantage\u2013insured individuals) between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021. The \u201cpatient journey\u201d from initial diagnosis was followed over a 4-year period. The primary outcome measure was the number of moderate or severe exacerbations. Secondary outcome measures included the cumulative incidence of exacerbations, mean cumulative count of moderate and severe exacerbations, rates of moderate and severe exacerbations in patients who remained untreated after diagnosis in 12-month time periods for 4 years, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and pharmacologic treatment patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cohort consisted of 238,158 newly diagnosed patients with COPD (female [52.9%]; mean age 63.8 years). The majority of patients with COPD had Medicaid as their primary insurance (46.2%). Overall, during the 4-year follow-up period, 32.9% of the patients had at least one moderate or severe exacerbation, and 25.8% and 13.8% experienced moderate and severe exacerbations, respectively. At diagnosis, 86.2% of the patients were untreated and most remained untreated by the end of the follow-up (63.8%). Most patients (62.0%) received long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)\/inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as their initial treatment at diagnosis, and LABA\/ICS continued to be the most common initial treatment during the 4-year period (64.0% at year 1; 58.0% at year 4).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most patients with COPD were not treated at initial diagnosis and remained untreated during follow-up. Our data highlight a lack of adherence to recommendations for clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-03194-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]],"date-time":"2024-08-17T03:02:19Z","timestamp":1723863739000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed COPD in the USA"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Anzueto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheri","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Donato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverly","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kushal","family":"Modi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abisola","family":"Olopoenia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"3194_CR1","volume-title":"NCHS Data brief, no 456","author":"JQ Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu JQ, Murphy SL, Kochanek KD, Arias E. 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The study was reviewed and approved by the Pearl Institutional Review Board (Indianapolis, IN, USA; 19-KANT-204).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"S.R., B.D., and B.J. are employees of BIPI. A.A. reports speaking fees from BIPI, AstraZeneca, Grifols, and Novartis and consulting fees from BIPI, GlaxoSmithKline, Sunovion, Novartis, and Grifols. R.W. reports consulting fees from BIPI, GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, 4DX, Contrafect, Bristol Myers Squibb, Savara, Puretech, Chiesi, Pulmonx, Galderma, Roche, Regeneron, AbbVie, Merck, Circassia, Beyond Air, and Verona. K.M. and A.O. are employees of Cerner Enviza, which was contracted by BIPI for data analysis.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"395"}}