{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T04:16:45Z","timestamp":1785298605333,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]],"date-time":"2024-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]],"date-time":"2024-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center of TCM Major Epidemic Diseases in Zhejiang province","award":["2022E50009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022E50009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-03393-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]],"date-time":"2024-11-16T14:26:08Z","timestamp":1731767168000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Value of bronchial amylase level for predicting ventilator associated pneumonia in intubated adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Tingzhen","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinkang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhuang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3393_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3325","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e3325","volume":"344","author":"JD Hunter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hunter JD. Ventilator associated pneumonia. BMJ. 2012;344:e3325.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"14","key":"3393_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.14.1583","volume":"297","author":"M Klompas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Klompas M. Does this patient have ventilator-associated pneumonia? JAMA. 2007;297(14):1583\u201393.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"3393_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.1.262","volume":"122","author":"M Iregui","year":"2002","unstructured":"Iregui M, Ward S, Sherman G, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest. 2002;122(1):262\u20138.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"10","key":"3393_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.10.781","volume":"279","author":"D Cook","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cook D, De Jonghe B, Brochard L, Brun-Buisson C. Influence of airway management on ventilator-associated pneumonia: evidence from randomized trials. JAMA. 1998;279(10):781\u20137.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000206106.65220.59","volume":"34","author":"NA Metheny","year":"2006","unstructured":"Metheny NA, Clouse RE, Chang YH, Stewart BJ, Oliver DA, Kollef MH. Tracheobronchial aspiration of gastric contents in critically ill tube-fed patients: frequency, outcomes, and risk factors. Crit Care Med. 2006;34(4):1007\u201315.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"3393_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1714562","volume":"380","author":"LA Mandell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mandell LA, Niederman MS. Aspiration pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(7):651\u201363.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"3393_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103013440908","volume":"344","author":"PE Marik","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marik PE. Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(9):665\u201371.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200204000-00018","volume":"34","author":"J Smotkin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Smotkin J, Tenner S. Laboratory diagnostic tests in acute pancreatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2002;34(4):459\u201362.","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2002.002923","volume":"59","author":"WR Matull","year":"2006","unstructured":"Matull WR, Pereira SP, O\u2019Donohue JW. Biochemical markers of acute pancreatitis. J Clin Pathol. 2006;59(4):340\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3393_CR10","first-page":"1003","volume":"79","author":"B Filloux","year":"2013","unstructured":"Filloux B, Bedel A, Nseir S, Mathiaux J, Amad\u00e9o B, Clouzeau B, Pillot J, Saghi T, Vargas F, Hilbert G, et al. Tracheal amylase dosage as a marker for microaspiration: a pilot study. Minerva Anestesiol. 2013;79(9):1003\u201310.","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2014292","volume":"23","author":"ML Sole","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sole ML, Conrad J, Bennett M, Middleton A, Hay K, Ash-worth S, Mehta DI. Pepsin and amylase in oral and tracheal secretions: a pilot study. Am J Crit care: Official Publication Am Association Critical-Care Nurses. 2014;23(4):334\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Crit care: Official Publication Am Association Critical-Care Nurses"},{"issue":"3","key":"3393_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827417bc","volume":"41","author":"CH Weiss","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weiss CH, Moazed F, DiBardino D, Swaroop M, Wunderink RG. Bronchoalveolar lavage amylase is associated with risk factors for aspiration and predicts bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 2013;41(3):765\u201373.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.19163","volume":"319","author":"MDF McInnes","year":"2018","unstructured":"McInnes MDF, Moher D, Thombs BD, McGrath TA, Bossuyt PM, Clifford T, Cohen JF, Deeks JJ, Gatsonis C, Hooft L, et al. Preferred reporting items for a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies: the PRISMA-DTA statement. JAMA. 2018;319(4):388\u201396.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135","volume":"151","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(4):264\u20139, w264.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"3393_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","volume":"155","author":"PF Whiting","year":"2011","unstructured":"Whiting PF, Rutjes AW, Westwood ME, Mallett S, Deeks JJ, Reitsma JB, Leeflang MM, Sterne JA, Bossuyt PM. QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155(8):529\u201336.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"7305","key":"3393_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7305.157","volume":"323","author":"JJ Deeks","year":"2001","unstructured":"Deeks JJ. Systematic reviews in health care: systematic reviews of evaluations of diagnostic and screening tests. BMJ (Clinical Res ed). 2001;323(7305):157\u201362.","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Res ed)"},{"issue":"11","key":"3393_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00177-X","volume":"56","author":"AS Glas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Glas AS, Lijmer JG, Prins MH, Bonsel GJ, Bossuyt PM. The diagnostic odds ratio: a single indicator of test performance. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56(11):1129\u201335.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"3393_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mandrekar JN. Receiver operating characteristic curve in diagnostic test assessment. J Thorac Oncology: Official Publication Int Association Study Lung Cancer. 2010;5.","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181ec173d"},{"key":"3393_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-6-31","volume":"6","author":"J Zamora","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zamora J, Abraira V, Muriel A, Khan K, Coomarasamy A. Meta-DiSc: a software for meta-analysis of test accuracy data. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2006;6:31.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"9","key":"3393_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.01.016","volume":"58","author":"JJ Deeks","year":"2005","unstructured":"Deeks JJ, Macaskill P, Irwig L. The performance of tests of publication bias and other sample size effects in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy was assessed. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005;58(9):882\u201393.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3393_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002774","volume":"46","author":"S Samanta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Samanta S, Poddar B, Azim A, Singh RK, Gurjar M, Baronia AK. Significance of mini bronchoalveolar lavage fluid amylase level in ventilator-associated pneumonia: a prospective observational study. Crit Care Med. 2018;46(1):71\u20138.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3393_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.19.13884-9","volume":"85","author":"EJ Rendon-Ramirez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rendon-Ramirez EJ, Colunga-Pedraza PR, Herrera-Guerra AS, Cazares-Rend\u00f3n EC, Gonz\u00e1lez-Guti\u00e9rrez A, Ahumada-Pamanes C, Llaca-D\u00edaz JM, Mercado-Longoria R. Tracheal amylase: a cheap way to predict ventilator associated pneumonia in patients with traumatic brain injury. Minerva Anestesiol. 2019;85(11):1249\u201350.","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12729","volume":"12","author":"GP Qu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qu GP, Fang XQ, Xu YP, Shi M, Wang Y, Gong ML, Fang HM. Predictive value of \u03b1-amylase in tracheal aspirates for ventilator-associated pneumonia in elderly patients. Clin Respir J. 2018;12(4):1685\u201392.","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"3393_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880803","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.880803","volume":"9","author":"A Moussali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moussali A, Cauchois E, Carvelli J, Hraeich S, Bouzana F, Lesaux A, Boucekine M, Bichon A, Gainnier M, Fromonot J, et al. Salivary alpha amylase bronchial measure for early aspiration pneumonia diagnosis in patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Front Med. 2022;9:880803.","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"48","key":"3393_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32149","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032149","volume":"101","author":"R Mercado-Longoria","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mercado-Longoria R, Galindo-Galindo JO, Ataxca-Gonzalez MA, Colunga-Pedraza PR, Pe\u00f1a-Lozano SP, Llaca-D\u00edaz JM, Rend\u00f3n-Ram\u00edrez EJ. Thoracic ultrasound alone or in combination with tracheal amylase as a tool predictor of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neurocritical patients. Medicine. 2022;101(48):e32149.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"3393_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70081-1","volume":"13","author":"WG Melsen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Melsen WG, Rovers MM, Groenwold RH, Bergmans DC, Camus C, Bauer TT, Hanisch EW, Klarin B, Koeman M, Krueger WA, et al. Attributable mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised prevention studies. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13(8):665\u201371.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"3393_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1116","volume":"134","author":"KE Kollef","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kollef KE, Schramm GE, Wills AR, Reichley RM, Micek ST, Kollef MH. Predictors of 30-day mortality and hospital costs in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Chest. 2008;134(2):281\u20137.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"3393_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13775","volume":"18","author":"AA Kalanuria","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kalanuria AA, Ziai W, Mirski M. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in the ICU. Crit Care (London England). 2014;18(2):208.","journal-title":"Crit Care (London England)"},{"issue":"5","key":"3393_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01712153","volume":"22","author":"F Alvarez-Lerma","year":"1996","unstructured":"Alvarez-Lerma F. Modification of empiric antibiotic treatment in patients with pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit. ICU-Acquired Pneumonia Study Group. Intensive Care Med. 1996;22(5):387\u201394.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3393_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2007.08.007","volume":"23","author":"EL Kuti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kuti EL, Patel AA, Coleman CI. Impact of inappropriate antibiotic therapy on mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and blood stream infection: a meta-analysis. J Crit Care. 2008;23(1):91\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"3393_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0480-6","volume":"18","author":"CE Luyt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Luyt CE, Br\u00e9chot N, Trouillet JL, Chastre J. Antibiotic stewardship in the intensive care unit. Crit Care (London England). 2014;18(5):480.","journal-title":"Crit Care (London England)"},{"issue":"6","key":"3393_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06036-z","volume":"46","author":"SM Fernando","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fernando SM, Tran A, Cheng W, Klompas M, Kyeremanteng K, Mehta S, English SW, Muscedere J, Cook DJ, Torres A, et al. Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(6):1170\u20139.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3393_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05980-0","volume":"46","author":"L Papazian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Papazian L, Klompas M, Luyt CE. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(5):888\u2013906.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3393_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0b013e3283220e78","volume":"15","author":"M Valencia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Valencia M, Torres A. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2009;15(1):30\u20135.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"3393_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4736-x","volume":"43","author":"E Jaillette","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jaillette E, Girault C, Brunin G, Zerimech F, Behal H, Chiche A, Broucqsault-Dedrie C, Fayolle C, Minacori F, Alves I, et al. Impact of tapered-cuff tracheal tube on microaspiration of gastric contents in intubated critically ill patients: a multicenter cluster-randomized cross-over controlled trial. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43(11):1562\u201371.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3393_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001053","volume":"124","author":"A Monsel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Monsel A, Lu Q, Le Corre M, Brisson H, Arbelot C, Vezinet C, Fl\u00e9ron MH, Ibanez-Est\u00e8ve C, Zerimech F, Balduyck M, et al. Tapered-cuff endotracheal tube does not prevent early postoperative pneumonia compared with spherical-cuff endotracheal tube after major vascular surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology. 2016;124(5):1041\u201352.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"21","key":"3393_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2018.10.44","volume":"6","author":"G Millot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Millot G, Boddaert P, Parmentier-Decrucq E, Palud A, Balduyck M, Maboudou P, Zerimech F, Wallet F, Preau S, Nseir S. Impact of subglottic secretion drainage on microaspiration in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study. Annals Translational Med. 2018;6(21):416.","journal-title":"Annals Translational Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3393_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03380-w","volume":"24","author":"F Bagate","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bagate F, Rouz\u00e9 A, Zerimech F, Boissier F, Labbe V, Razazi K, Carteaux G, de Prost N, Balduyck M, Maboudou P, et al. Transesophageal echocardiography-associated tracheal microaspiration and ventilator-associated pneumonia in intubated critically ill patients: a multicenter prospective observational study. Crit Care (London England). 2020;24(1):679.","journal-title":"Crit Care (London England)"},{"issue":"7","key":"3393_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100130907","volume":"109","author":"V Nandapalan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nandapalan V, McIlwain JC, Hamilton J. A study of alpha-amylase activity in tracheobronchial secretions of seriously ill patients with tracheostomies. J Laryngol Otol. 1995;109(7):640\u20133.","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3393_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.34.7.803","volume":"34","author":"PD Clarke","year":"1981","unstructured":"Clarke PD, Bain BC, Davies A, Levin GE, Lambert HP. Aspiration in seriously ill patients: a study of amylase in bronchial secretions. J Clin Pathol. 1981;34(7):803\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3393_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2022.04.003","volume":"29","author":"T Suzuki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Suzuki T, Saitou M, Utano Y, Utano K, Niitsuma K. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) amylase and pepsin levels as potential biomarkers of aspiration pneumonia. Pulmonology. 2023;29(5):392\u20138.","journal-title":"Pulmonology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3393_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2010.11.003","volume":"40","author":"SJ Palazzo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Palazzo SJ, Simpson T, Schnapp L. Biomarkers for ventilator-associated pneumonia: review of the literature. Heart lung: J Crit care. 2011;40(4):293\u20138.","journal-title":"Heart lung: J Crit care"},{"issue":"7","key":"3393_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1463-y","volume":"35","author":"GJ Oudhuis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oudhuis GJ, Beuving J, Bergmans D, Stobberingh EE, ten Velde G, Linssen CF, Verbon A. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is not predictive for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35(7):1265\u201370.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3393_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00053209","volume":"34","author":"D Stolz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stolz D, Smyrnios N, Eggimann P, Pargger H, Thakkar N, Siegemund M, Marsch S, Azzola A, Rakic J, Mueller B, et al. Procalcitonin for reduced antibiotic exposure in ventilator-associated pneumonia: a randomised study. Eur Respir J. 2009;34(6):1364\u201375.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3393_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000297886.32564.CF","volume":"36","author":"T Lisboa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lisboa T, Seligman R, Diaz E, Rodriguez A, Teixeira PJ, Rello J. C-reactive protein correlates with bacterial load and appropriate antibiotic therapy in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(1):166\u201371.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Pulmonary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12890-024-03393-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12890-024-03393-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12890-024-03393-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]],"date-time":"2024-11-16T16:02:33Z","timestamp":1731772953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12890-024-03393-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-024-03393-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"571"}}