{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:11:36Z","timestamp":1792606296207,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-025-03549-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:02:50Z","timestamp":1740146570000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The prevalence and pattern of post tuberculosis lung disease including pulmonary hypertension from an Australian TB service; a single-centre, retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Anthony","family":"Byrne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmeen","family":"Al-Hindawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marshall","family":"Plit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Standish","family":"Rigava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean F.","family":"Mungovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3549_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. Tuberculosis fact sheet. November; 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/tuberculosis."},{"key":"3549_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1159\/000512531","volume":"100","author":"BW Allwood","year":"2021","unstructured":"Allwood BW, Byrne A, Meghji J, Rachow A, van der Zalm MM, Schoch OD. Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease: clinical review of an under-recognised global challenge. Respiration. 2021;100:751\u201363.","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"issue":"12","key":"3549_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1679","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(21)00367-3","volume":"9","author":"NA Menzies","year":"2021","unstructured":"Menzies NA, Quaife M, Allwood BW, Byrne AL, Coussens AK, Harries AD, et al. Lifetime burden of disease due to incident tuberculosis: a global reappraisal including post-tuberculosis sequelae. Lancet Global Health. 2021;9(12):e1679\u201387.","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"3549_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Linh NN, Viney K, Gegia M, Falzon D, Glaziou P, Floyd K et al. World Health Organization treatment outcome definitions for tuberculosis: 2021 update. Eur Respir J. 2021; 58.","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00804-2021"},{"key":"3549_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.12.016","volume":"32","author":"AL Byrne","year":"2015","unstructured":"Byrne AL, Marais BJ, Mitnick CD, Lecca L, Marks GB. Tuberculosis and chronic respiratory disease: a systematic review. Int J Infect Dis. 2015;32:138\u201346.","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"3549_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.101979","volume":"59","author":"J Taylor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Taylor J, Bastos ML, Lachapelle-Chisholm S, Mayo NE, Johnston J, Menzies D. Residual respiratory disability after successful treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2023;59:101979.","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"3549_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30309-3","volume":"19","author":"K Romanowski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Romanowski K, Baumann B, Basham CA, Ahmad Khan F, Fox GJ, Johnston JC. Long-term all-cause mortality in people treated for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019;19:1129\u201337.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"3549_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravimohan S, Kornfeld H, Weissman D, Bisson GP. Tuberculosis and lung damage: from epidemiology to pathophysiology. Eur Respir Rev. 2018; 27.","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0077-2017"},{"key":"3549_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00083507","volume":"30","author":"AM Menezes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Menezes AM, Hallal PC, Perez-Padilla R, Jardim JR, Muino A, Lopez MV, et al. Tuberculosis and airflow obstruction: evidence from the PLATINO study in Latin America. Eur Respir J. 2007;30:1180\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3549_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allwood BW, van der Zalm MM, Amaral AFS, Byrne A, Datta S, Egere U et al.,. Post-tuberculosis lung health: perspectives from the First International Symposium. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2020; 24: 820-8.","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.20.0067"},{"issue":"3","key":"3549_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.23.0619","volume":"1","author":"BW Allwood","year":"2024","unstructured":"Allwood BW, Nightingale R, Agbota G, Auld S, Bisson GP, Byrne A et al. Perspectives from the 2nd International Post-tuberculosis Symposium: mobilising advocacy and research for improved outcomes. IJTLD OPEN. 2024;1(3):111\u201323.","journal-title":"IJTLD OPEN"},{"key":"3549_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byrne AL, Marais BJ, Mitnick CD, Garden FL, Lecca L, Contreras C et al. Chronic airflow obstruction after successful treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. ERJ Open Res. 2017;3(3).","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00026-2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"3549_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0753","volume":"26","author":"GB Migliori","year":"2022","unstructured":"Migliori GB, Wu SJ, Matteelli A, Zenner D, Goletti D, Ahmedov S, et al. Clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB infection. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2022;26(3):190\u2013205.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"3549_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101499","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01499-2021","volume":"60","author":"S Stanojevic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stanojevic S, Kaminsky DA, Miller MR, Thompson B, Aliverti A, Barjaktarevic I, et al. ERS\/ATS technical standard on interpretive strategies for routine lung function tests. Eur Respir J. 2022;60:2101499.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3549_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1183\/09041950.005s1693","volume":"6","author":"PH Quanjer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, Pedersen OF, Peslin R, Yernault J-C. Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Eur Respir J. 1993;6:5\u201340.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3549_CR16","first-page":"e1","volume":"24","author":"M Humbert","year":"2023","unstructured":"Humbert M, Kovacs G, Hoeper MM, Badagliacca R, Berger RMF, Brida M, et al. [2022 ESC\/ERS guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension]. G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 2023;24:e1\u2013116.","journal-title":"G Ital Cardiol (Rome)"},{"key":"3549_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byrne A, Allwood B, Schoeman I, Johnston J, Kalyatanda G, Makanda G et al. Post Tuberculosis: the urgent need for inclusion of lung health outcomes in tuberculosis treatment trials. Eur Respir J. 2023;62(3).","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00950-2023"},{"key":"3549_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nightingale R, Carlin F, Meghji J, McMullen K, Evans D, Van Der Zalm MM, Et. Post-TB health and wellbeing. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2023;27(4):248\u201383.","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.22.0514"},{"key":"3549_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ivanova O, Hoffmann VS, Lange C, Hoelscher M, Rachow A. Post- Tuberculosis lung impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis of spirometry data from 14 621 people. Eur Respiratory Rev. 2023;32(168).","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0221-2022"},{"key":"3549_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.307105710","volume":"30","author":"C Grosse","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grosse C, Grosse A. CT findings in diseases associated with pulmonary hypertension: a current review. Radiographics. 2010;30:1753\u201377.","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"3549_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12184","DOI":"10.1002\/pul2.12184","volume":"13","author":"E Louw","year":"2023","unstructured":"Louw E, Baines N, Maarman G, Osman M, Sigwadhi L, Irusen E, et al. The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension after successful tuberculosis treatment in a community sample of adult patients. Pulm Circ. 2023;13:e12184.","journal-title":"Pulm Circ"},{"key":"3549_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.046","volume":"158","author":"CS King","year":"2020","unstructured":"King CS, Shlobin OA. The trouble with Group 3 pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: dilemmas in diagnosis and the Conundrum of Treatment. Chest. 2020;158:1651\u201364.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"3549_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.02.015","volume":"106","author":"CU Andersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andersen CU, Mellemkjaer S, Hilberg O, Nielsen-Kudsk JE, Simonsen U, Bendstrup E. Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: prevalence, prognosis and 6 min walk test. Respir Med. 2012;106:875\u201382.","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"3549_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00015608","volume":"32","author":"A Chaouat","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chaouat A, Naeije R, Weitzenblum E. Pulmonary hypertension in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2008;32:1371\u201385.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3549_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e476","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00042-0","volume":"10","author":"KF Walsh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Walsh KF, Lui JK. Post-tuberculosis pulmonary hypertension: a case of global disparity in health care. Lancet Glob Health. 2022;10:e476.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"3549_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465812441849","volume":"6","author":"WH Fares","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fares WH, Trow TK. Targeted approaches to the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2012;6:147\u201359.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Respir Dis"},{"key":"3549_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0161176","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161176","volume":"11","author":"J Meghji","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meghji J, Simpson H, Squire SB, Mortimer K. A systematic review of the prevalence and pattern of imaging defined Post-TB lung disease. PLoS ONE. 2016;11:e0161176.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"3549_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14596","volume":"28","author":"H Lewthwaite","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lewthwaite H, Byrne A, Brew B, Gibson PG. Treatable traits for long COVID. Respirology. 2023;28(11):1005\u201322.","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"3549_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e028150","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-028150","volume":"9","author":"ET Thomas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thomas ET, Guppy M, Straus SE, Bell KJL, Glasziou P. Rate of normal lung function decline in ageing adults: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open. 2019;9:e028150.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"3549_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41533-022-00292-w","volume":"32","author":"A Rosso","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rosso A, Egervall K, Elmst\u00e5hl S. Annual decline rate in FEV1s in community-dwelling older adults diagnosed with mild to moderate COPD. npj Prim Care Respiratory Med. 2022;32:30.","journal-title":"npj Prim Care Respiratory Med"},{"key":"3549_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01359-2015","volume":"47","author":"A Agusti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Agusti A, Bel E, Thomas M, Vogelmeier C, Brusselle G, Holgate S, et al. Treatable traits: toward precision medicine of chronic airway diseases. Eur Respir J. 2016;47:410\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3549_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2603","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02603","volume":"9","author":"C Stek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stek C, Allwood B, Walker NF, Wilkinson RJ, Lynen L, Meintjes G. The Immune mechanisms of Lung Parenchymal damage in tuberculosis and the role of host-Directed Therapy. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:2603.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"3549_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0278","volume":"25","author":"SG Mpagama","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mpagama SG, Msaji KS, Kaswaga O, Zurba LJ, Mbelele PM, Allwood BW, et al. The burden and determinants of post-TB lung disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2021;25:846\u201353.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"3549_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322011000400005","volume":"66","author":"KP Chung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chung KP, Chen JY, Lee CH, Wu HD, Wang JY, Lee LN, et al. Trends and predictors of changes in pulmonary function after treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. Clin (Sao Paulo). 2011;66:549\u201356.","journal-title":"Clin (Sao Paulo)"}],"container-title":["BMC Pulmonary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12890-025-03549-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12890-025-03549-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12890-025-03549-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:02:56Z","timestamp":1740146576000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12890-025-03549-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3549"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-025-03549-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the St Vincent\u2019s Hospital Human Research Ethics committee; 2020\/ETH0288.Human Ethics and Consent to Participate declarations: not applicable as a waiver of consent was provided per the Australian national ethics statement. Clinical Trial Number not applicable to this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"No identifying photos or other materials are included in this manuscript and so this section is not relevant to our study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for participation"}}],"article-number":"84"}}