{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T21:53:02Z","timestamp":1781646782444,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"a Grant-in-Aid for Clinical Research from the National Hospital Organization"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tracheobronchial foreign body (FB) aspiration is a life-threatening condition, particularly in older adults. Despite its clinical significance, research on the etiology of adult FB aspiration, as well as real-world outcomes and complications associated with FB removal\u3000in lower airways, remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a two-center retrospective cohort study in Japan. We included adult patients aged 18\u00a0years or older who underwent bronchoscopic FB removal between April 2010 and March 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 28 patients were included in this analysis (mean age, 75.4\u00a0years [median age: 75\u00a0years]; range, 55\u2013102\u00a0years). Nineteen patients (67.9%) were male. The most frequently reported symptoms were coughing (46.4%), sputum production (39.3%), and dyspnea (17.9%). A total of 30 FBs were identified, with dental prostheses (60.0%) being the most common type, followed by natural teeth (10.0%). FBs were slightly more common on the right side (53.3%) than on the left side (43.3%), with the right lower lobe being the most frequent site of lodgement (30.0%), followed by the left lower lobe (20.7%). The most frequently bronchoscopic findings were mucosal edema (36.7%) and bleeding (26.7%). FB removal was performed using flexible bronchoscopy in 26 patients (92.9), with the exception of two cases (7.1%) in which rigid bronchoscopy was employed. Bronchoscopy was performed in the endoscopy room for 21 patients (75.0%). Among the 28 patients, standard forceps were used in 24 (85.7%), followed by basket forceps, which was employed in 10 patients (35.7%). FB removal was successful in 26 (92.9%) patients. Regarding adverse events, hypoxia was the only complication observed, occurring in 18 patients (64.3%); no other adverse events were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most FB in the lower airways can be successfully and safely removed via flexible bronchoscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-026-04258-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T06:06:12Z","timestamp":1774677972000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bronchoscopic removal of lower airway foreign body: a two-center retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shogo","family":"Toyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichiro","family":"Kudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Takigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issei","family":"Oi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Kanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiminobu","family":"Tanizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Sawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"4258_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.5.1357","volume":"115","author":"F Baharloo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Baharloo F, Veyckemans F, Francis C. 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The use of a single IRB streamlined the ethics review process and reduced administrative burden. The IRB of the NHO Okayama Medical Center had approved these procedures and the conduct of this study.This was a retrospective study and informed consent from patients was not required. Informed consent was waived for the study and consent to participate was also waived by the ethics committee. Instead, an opt-out method was used, which guaranteed the right of the participants to refuse participation in the study. The National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center and Okayama Medical Center Ethics Committees approved these methods.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"213"}}