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SPB reports grant funding from the National Institutes of Health, Nuvaira, Sanofi, Genentech, and the COPD Foundation, royalties or licenses from Springer, consulting fees from Sanofi, Regeneron, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Apreo, Chiesi, Merck, Verona Pharma, and Genentech, and honoraria from IntegrityCE, Medscape, and Horizon CME. MTL reports no conflicts of interest.JDC reports grant funding from the National Institutes of Health and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, support for attending board meetings from the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation, consulting fees from GSK, and participation on the Data Safety Monitoring board for NIH PETALnet and NHLBI. ESO reports grant funding from the National Institutes of Health. MRA reports grant funding from the National Institutes of Health.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"326"}}