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Adult pwCFs included received and read a written information leaflet about the study, and signed an informed consent for study participation. Sputum samples collection and medical record review were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Research Institute of Pulmonology under FMBA of Russia (protocol No. 04\u201323, April 24, 2023, and protocol No. 07\u201324, December 18, 2024) and by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of the N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology (protocol No. 59, September 8, 2023). 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