{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:51:18Z","timestamp":1791309078218,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":87,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Science and Technology Research and Development Program Project of Guangxi","award":["AB24010060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AB24010060"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pulm Med"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-026-04490-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T05:25:33Z","timestamp":1783661133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between serum perfluoroalkyl substances and COPD risk: population evidence and in vitro validation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yansong","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanyu","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yakun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siying","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqin","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengbao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaonian","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10440","key":"4490_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00367-2","volume":"403","author":"Global burden of","year":"2024","unstructured":"Global burden of. 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet. 2024;403(10440):2100\u201332.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"4490_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2346598","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.46598","volume":"6","author":"E Boers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Boers E, Barrett M, Su JG, Benjafield AV, Sinha S, Kaye L, et al. Global Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Through 2050. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(12):e2346598.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"4490_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.09.255","volume":"159","author":"Z Zafari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zafari Z, Li S, Eakin MN, Bellanger M, Reed RM. Projecting Long-term Health and Economic Burden of COPD in the United States. Chest. 2021;159(4):1400\u201310.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"10342","key":"4490_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00470-6","volume":"399","author":"SA Christenson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Christenson SA, Smith BM, Bafadhel M, Putcha N. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet. 2022;399(10342):2227\u201342.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"4490_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00506-3","volume":"10","author":"IA Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang IA, Jenkins CR, Salvi SS. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never-smokers: risk factors, pathogenesis, and implications for prevention and treatment. Lancet Respir Med. 2022;10(5):497\u2013511.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"4490_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2021.126223","volume":"344","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Sarkar D, Biswas JK, Datta R. Biodegradation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): A review. Bioresour Technol. 2022;344:126223. Pt B).","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"4490_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137372","volume":"488","author":"Y Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen Y, Cao D, Li X, Jia X, Shi Y, Cai Y. Interactive effects of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on contaminated soil site: DOM molecular-level perspective. J Hazard Mater. 2025;488:137372.","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"4490_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.169566","volume":"916","author":"H Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu H, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Kang Y, Ding Y, Chen R, Feng H. Distribution characteristics and transformation mechanism of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in drinking water sources: A review. Sci Total Environ. 2024;916:169566.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4490_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.178337","volume":"961","author":"T Bonato","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bonato T, Pal T, Benna C, Di Maria F. Contamination of the terrestrial food chain by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and related human health risks: A systematic review. Sci Total Environ. 2025;961:178337.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"4490_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.143208","volume":"364","author":"R Lasters","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lasters R, Groffen T, Eens M, Bervoets L. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in homegrown crops: Accumulation and human risk assessment. Chemosphere. 2024;364:143208.","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"4490_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu RS, Yu HC, Yang YF, Singh S. A Global Overview of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Regulatory Strategies and Their Environmental Impact. Toxics. 2025;13(4):251.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics13040251"},{"key":"4490_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.122756","volume":"339","author":"Z Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Z, Zhou Y, Xiao X, Liu A, Wang S, Preston RJS, et al. Inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases induced by persistent organic pollutants and nutritional interventions: Effects of multi-organ interactions. Environ Pollut. 2023;339:122756.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"5","key":"4490_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaa143","volume":"113","author":"JJ Shearer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shearer JJ, Callahan CL, Calafat AM, Huang WY, Jones RR, Sabbisetti VS, et al. Serum Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Risk of Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2021;113(5):580\u20137.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"4490_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108719","volume":"187","author":"MY Xie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie MY, Lin ZY, Sun XF, Feng JJ, Mai L, Wu CC, et al. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure in plasma and their blood-brain barrier transmission efficiency-A pilot study. Environ Int. 2024;187:108719.","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"4490_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa018","volume":"26","author":"N Ding","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ding N, Harlow SD, Randolph JF Jr., Loch-Caruso R, Park SK. Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and their effects on the ovary. Hum Reprod Update. 2020;26(5):724\u201352.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"issue":"18","key":"4490_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53948","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-26119-w","volume":"30","author":"S Shi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shi S, Ding Y, Wu B, Hu P, Chen M, Dong N, et al. Association of perfluoroalkyl substances with pulmonary function in adolescents (NHANES 2007\u20132012). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023;30(18):53948\u201361.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"4490_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.125152","volume":"363","author":"Z Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Z, Yang T, Zhou R, Yang C, Huang Q, Cheng S. Impact of polyfluoroalkyl chemicals and volatile organic compounds exposure on lung function of American adults. Environ Pollut. 2024;363(Pt 1):125152.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"4490_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.171742","volume":"925","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Hou M, Kong L, Lin X, et al. Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: The mediating role of serum albumin. Sci Total Environ. 2024;925:171742.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"11","key":"4490_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2185","volume":"115","author":"JM Rogers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rogers JM, Heintz MM, Thompson CM, Haws LC. A putative adverse outcome network for neonatal mortality and lower birth weight in rodents: Applicability to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and relevance to human health. Birth Defects Res. 2023;115(11):1011\u201362.","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"4490_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jabeen M, Fayyaz M, Irudayaraj J. Epigenetic Modifications, and Alterations in Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Pathway in A549 Lung Carcinoma Cell Line upon Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances. Toxics. 2020;8(4):112.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics8040112"},{"key":"4490_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121175","volume":"272","author":"JX Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou JX, Qin XD, Liu X, He WT, Zeeshan M, Dharmage SC, et al. Exposure-effect of PFOS and PFOA on lung function: An integrated approach with epidemiological, cellular, and animal studies. Environ Res. 2025;272:121175.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"4490_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.163871","volume":"885","author":"Q Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang Q, Li S, Wan J, Nan W, He B. Association between ethylene oxide exposure and prevalence of COPD: Evidence from NHANES 2013\u20132016. Sci Total Environ. 2023;885:163871.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"9691","key":"4490_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61303-9","volume":"374","author":"SS Salvi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Salvi SS, Barnes PJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in non-smokers. Lancet. 2009;374(9691):733\u201343.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"4490_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20170-z","volume":"24","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Gai X, Chu H, Qu J, Li L, Sun Y. Prevalence of non-smoking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its risk factors in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):3010.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"4490_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Cuzzocrea S, Crupi R, Britti D. Current Review of Increasing Animal Health Threat of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): Harms, Limitations, and Alternatives to Manage Their Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(14):11707.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411707"},{"key":"4490_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602566","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1602566","volume":"13","author":"X Shao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shao X, Zhang L, Wang Y, Ying Y, Chen X. Developing an interpretable machine learning predictive model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by serum PFAS concentration. Front Public Health. 2025;13:1602566.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"4490_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3390\/jox11030008","volume":"11","author":"R Margolis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Margolis R, Sant KE. Associations between Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, or Insulin Resistance: A Scoping Review. J Xenobiot. 2021;11(3):115\u201329.","journal-title":"J Xenobiot"},{"key":"4490_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103334","volume":"76","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Liu W, Zhu X, Xu M, Lin B, Bai Y. Associations of dietary inflammation index and composite dietary antioxidant index with preserved ratio impaired spirometry in US adults and the mediating roles of triglyceride-glucose index: NHANES 2007\u20132012. Redox Biol. 2024;76:103334.","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4490_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00146413","volume":"44","author":"S Vallath","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vallath S, Hynds RE, Succony L, Janes SM, Giangreco A. Targeting EGFR signalling in chronic lung disease: therapeutic challenges and opportunities. Eur Respir J. 2014;44(2):513\u201322.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4490_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-023-02637-6","volume":"25","author":"W Peng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Peng W, Xia Q, Zhang Y, Cao D, Zheng X. VEGF and EGFR signaling pathways are involved in the baicalein attenuation of OVA-induced airway inflammation and airway remodeling in mice. Respir Res. 2024;25(1):10.","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"4490_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342086","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1342086","volume":"15","author":"L Raskova Kafkova","year":"2024","unstructured":"Raskova Kafkova L, Mierzwicka JM, Chakraborty P, Jakubec P, Fischer O, Skarda J, et al. NSCLC: from tumorigenesis, immune checkpoint misuse to current and future targeted therapy. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1342086.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4490_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-022-01698-z","volume":"82","author":"MP Shah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shah MP, Neal JW. Targeting Acquired and Intrinsic Resistance Mechanisms in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Drugs. 2022;82(6):649\u201362.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"4490_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sp N, Kang DY, Joung YH, Park JH, Kim WS, Lee HK et al. Nobiletin Inhibits Angiogenesis by Regulating Src\/FAK\/STAT3-Mediated Signaling through PXN in ER\u207a Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(5):935.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18050935"},{"issue":"9","key":"4490_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.01.004","volume":"11","author":"M Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li M, Wang Y, Li M, Wu X, Setrerrahmane S, Xu H. Integrins as attractive targets for cancer therapeutics. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2021;11(9):2726\u201337.","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"issue":"3","key":"4490_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.09.020","volume":"13","author":"S Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen S, He T, Zhong Y, Chen M, Yao Q, Chen D, et al. Roles of focal adhesion proteins in skeleton and diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2023;13(3):998\u20131013.","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"issue":"189","key":"4490_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.24976\/Discov.Med.202436189.184","volume":"36","author":"K Katoh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Katoh K. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and c-Src Dependent Signal Transduction in Cell Adhesion. Discov Med. 2024;36(189):1998\u20132012.","journal-title":"Discov Med"},{"issue":"41","key":"4490_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27748","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801431200","volume":"283","author":"D Schauwienold","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schauwienold D, Sastre AP, Genzel N, Schaefer M, Reusch HP. The transactivated epidermal growth factor receptor recruits Pyk2 to regulate Src kinase activity. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(41):27748\u201356.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4490_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dlugosz P, Teufl M, Schwab M, Kohl KE, Nimpf J. Disabled 1 Is Part of a Signaling Pathway Activated by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(4):1745.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041745"},{"key":"4490_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lv Y, Zhao C, Xiang Y, Fu W, Li J, Wang F, Li X. Perfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Mixtures Drive Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Through Immunosuppression: Integrating Epidemiology and Mechanistic Evidence. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(15):7518.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157518"},{"issue":"11","key":"4490_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-06293-y","volume":"14","author":"DS Wen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wen DS, Huang LC, Bu XY, He MK, Lai ZC, Du ZF, et al. DNA methylation-activated full-length EMX1 facilitates metastasis through EMX1-EGFR-ERK axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis. 2023;14(11):769.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4490_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-20-0519","volume":"11","author":"J Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, Yuan S, Norgard RJ, Yan F, Sun YH, Kim IK, et al. Epigenetic and Transcriptional Control of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Regulates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Discov. 2021;11(3):736\u201353.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"4490_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236271","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1236271","volume":"11","author":"S Kumari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumari S, Kumar P. Identification and characterization of putative biomarkers and therapeutic axis in Glioblastoma multiforme microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023;11:1236271.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4490_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-025-10048-w","volume":"25","author":"JC Connolly","year":"2025","unstructured":"Connolly JC, Ishihara Y, Sawaya E, Whitfield V, Garrity N, Sohata R, et al. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Enhance Cholesterol Accumulation and Dysregulate Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2025;25(10):1455\u201370.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Toxicol"},{"key":"4490_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics13080629","volume":"13","author":"N Kebieche","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kebieche N, Yim S, Lambert C, Soulimani R. Epigenetic and Genotoxic Mechanisms of PFAS-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Molecular and Transgenerational Perspective. Toxics. 2025;13:8.","journal-title":"Toxics"}],"container-title":["BMC Pulmonary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12890-026-04490-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12890-026-04490-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12890-026-04490-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:02:37Z","timestamp":1791306157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12890-026-04490-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-026-04490-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2466"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2466","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"447"}}