{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T10:07:38Z","timestamp":1773050858387,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]],"date-time":"2019-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]],"date-time":"2019-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yongxiang Wang","award":["BK20141281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20141281"]}]},{"name":"Yongxiang Wang","award":["BE2013911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2013911"]}]},{"name":"Yongxiang Wang","award":["WSW-133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WSW-133"]}]},{"name":"Yongxiang Wang","award":["YZ2011082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YZ2011082"]}]},{"name":"Yongxiang Wang","award":["BRA2016159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BRA2016159"]}]},{"name":"Jingcheng Wang","award":["81772332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772332"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2762-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]],"date-time":"2019-08-31T09:35:37Z","timestamp":1567244137000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid usage in patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jianzhong","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingcheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2003-6006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2762_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.002","volume":"37","author":"JP Allain","year":"2009","unstructured":"Allain JP, Stramer SL, Carneiro-Proietti AB, Martins ML. Lopes da Silva SN, Ribeiro M, Proietti FA, Reesink HW. Transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases. Biologicals. 2009;37(2):71\u20137.","journal-title":"Biologicals"},{"issue":"15","key":"2762_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-167643","volume":"113","author":"EC Vamvakas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vamvakas EC, Blajchman MA. Transfusion-relevanted mortality: the ongoing risks of allogeneic blood transfusion and the available strategies for their prevention. Blood. 2009;113(15):3406\u201317.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2762_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-004-0753-x","volume":"13","author":"SS Hu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hu SS. Blood loss in adult spinal surgery. Eur Spine J. 2004;13(Suppl 1):S3\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2762_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03009046","volume":"39","author":"JF Hardy","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hardy JF, Desroches J. Natural and synthetic antifibrinolytics in cardiac surgery. Can J Anaesth. 1992;39(4):353\u201365.","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"issue":"3","key":"2762_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201003000-00002","volume":"18","author":"JD Eubanks","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eubanks JD. Antifibrinolytics in major orthopaedic surgery. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2010;18(3):132\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"2762_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13022-015-0017-y","volume":"9","author":"S Ngichabe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ngichabe S, Obura T, Stones W. Intravenous tranexamic acid as an adjunct haemostat to ornipressin during open myomectomy. A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. Ann Surg Innov Res. 2015;9:10.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Innov Res"},{"issue":"19","key":"2762_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1703374","volume":"376","author":"PS Myles","year":"2017","unstructured":"Myles PS, Smith JA, Painter T. Tranexamic acid in patients undergoing coronary-artery surgery. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(19):1893.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2762_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1429-0","volume":"18","author":"P Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang P, Liang Y, Chen P, Fang Y, He J, Wang J. Combined application versus topical and intravenous application of tranexamic acid followingprimary total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017;18(1):90.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2762_CR9","first-page":"31192","volume":"17","author":"S Hui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hui S, Xu D, Ren Z, Chen X, Sheng L, Zhuang Q, Li S. Can tranexamic acid conserve blood and save operative time in spinal surgeries? A meta-analysis. Spine J. 2017;17:31192 0.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2762_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.01.013","volume":"15","author":"T Cheriyan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheriyan T, Maier SP 2nd, Bianco K, Slobodyanyuk K, Rattenni RN, Lafage V, Schwab FJ, Lonner BS, Errico TJ. Efficacy of tranexamic acid on surgical bleeding in spine surgery: a meta-analysis. Spine J. 2015;15(4):752\u201361.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2762_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2014.06.003","volume":"29","author":"J Badeaux","year":"2014","unstructured":"Badeaux J, Hawley D. A systematic review of the effectiveness of intravenous tranexamic acid administration in managing perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing spine surgery. J Perianesth Nurs. 2014;29(6):459\u201365.","journal-title":"J Perianesth Nurs"},{"key":"2762_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-448","volume":"15","author":"F Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang F, Wang K, Li FN, Huang X, Li Q, Chen Z, Tang YB, Shen HX, Song QX. Effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss in spinal surgery: a meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014;15:448.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"2762_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2017.08.17","volume":"3","author":"T Alajmi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alajmi T, Saeed H, Alfaryan K, Alakeel A, Alfaryan T. Efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and blood transfusion in idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Spine Surg. 2017;3(4):531\u201340.","journal-title":"J Spine Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2762_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4899-0","volume":"26","author":"QM Yuan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yuan QM, Zhao ZH, Xu BS. Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss in scoliosis surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J. 2017;26(1):131\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"2762_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000100","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000100","volume":"6","author":"A Liberati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, G\u00f8tzsche P PRISMA Group. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: Explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2009;6:e1000100.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"2762_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001061","volume":"40","author":"AD Furlan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Furlan AD, Malmivaara A, Chou R, et al. 2015 updated method guideline for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Back and neck group. Spine. 2015;40(21):1660\u201373.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2762_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-12-245","volume":"12","author":"N U\u00e7eyler","year":"2011","unstructured":"U\u00e7eyler N, H\u00e4user W, Sommer C. Systematic review with meta-analysis: cytokines in fibromyalgia syndrome. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011;12:245.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"23","key":"2762_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002231","volume":"42","author":"Z Ren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ren Z, Li S, Sheng L, Zhuang Q, Li Z, Xu D, Chen X, Jiang P, Zhang X. Efficacy and safety of topical use of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during primary lumbar spinal surgery: a retrospective case control study. Spine. 2017;42(23):1779\u201384.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2762_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-017-0672-2","volume":"12","author":"D Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu D, Zhuang Q, Li Z, Ren Z, Chen X, Li S. A randomized controlled trial on the effects of collagen sponge and topical tranexamic acid in posterior spinal fusion surgeries. J Orthop Surg Res. 2017;12(1):166.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2762_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-2836-z","volume":"22","author":"Q Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang Q, Liu J, Fan R, Chen Y, Yu H, Bi Y, Hua Z, Piao M, Guo M, Ren W, Xiang L. Tranexamic acid reduces postoperative blood loss of degenerative lumbar instability with stenosis in posterior approach lumbar surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Eur Spine J. 2013;22(9):2035\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"2762_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2016.06.001","volume":"147","author":"J Liang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liang J, Liu H, Huang X, Xiong W, Zhao H, Chua S, Li Z. Using tranexamic acid soaked absorbable gelatin sponge following complex posterior lumbar spine surgery: a randomized control trial. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2016;147:110\u20134.","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"11","key":"2762_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5230-4","volume":"26","author":"KT Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim KT, Kim CK, Kim YC, Juh HS, Kim HJ, Kim HS, Hong SJ, Hey HWD. The effectiveness of low-dose and high-dose tranexamic acid in posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized study. Eur Spine J. 2017;26(11):2851\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2762_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5718","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005718","volume":"96","author":"H Shi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shi H, Ou Y, Jiang D, Quan Z, Zhao Z, Zhu Y. Tranexamic acid reduces perioperative blood loss of posterior lumbar surgery for stenosis or spondylolisthesis: a randomized trial. Medicine. 2017;96(1):e5718.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2762_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E267","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002315","volume":"43","author":"Roopa M. Nagabhushan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roopa MN, Nagabhushan RM, Shetty AP, Dumpa SR, Subramanian B, Kanna RM, Shanmuganathan R. Effectiveness and safety of Batroxobin, tranexamic acid and a combination in reduction of blood loss in lumbar spinal fusion surgery. Spine. 2018;43(5):E267\u2013e273.","journal-title":"SPINE"},{"issue":"2","key":"2762_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350617751449","volume":"25","author":"Y Ou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ou Y, Wei J, Li R, Liang B, Qiu D, Wei M, Mu X, Li Z. Clinical research of combined intravenous administration and topical application of tranexamic acid to a surgical wound during posterior lumbar fusion. Surg Innov. 2018;25(2):128\u201335.","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"issue":"3","key":"2762_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.8.SPINE16528","volume":"26","author":"J Kushioka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kushioka J, Yamashita T, Okuda S, Maeno T, Matsumoto T, Yamasaki R, Iwasaki M. High-dose tranexamic acid reduces intraoperative and PBL in posterior lumbar interbody fusion. J Neurosurg Spine. 2017;26(3):363\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"42","key":"2762_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8233","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008233","volume":"96","author":"Z Ren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ren Z, Li S, Sheng L, Zhuang Q, Li Z, Xu D, Chen X, Jiang P, Zhang X. Topical use of tranexamic acid can effectively decrease hidden blood loss during posterior lumbar spinal fusion surgery: a retrospective study. Medicine. 2017;96(42):e8233.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2762_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2482-11-29","volume":"11","author":"S Endres","year":"2011","unstructured":"Endres S, Heinz M, Wilke A. Efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss in posterior lumbar spine surgery for degenerative spinal stenosis with instability: a retrospective case control study. BMC Surg. 2011;11:29.","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"2762_CR29","volume-title":"Summary of the report of the 18th meeting of theWHO Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of EssentialMedicines","author":"WHO Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines","year":"2011","unstructured":"WHO Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines. Summary of the report of the 18th meeting of theWHO Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of EssentialMedicines. 2011. Available at: \n                    http:\/\/www.who.int\/selection_medicines\/\n                    \n                  committees\/TRS_web_summary.pdf. Accessed 20 Mar 2015."},{"issue":"3","key":"2762_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.78B3.0780434","volume":"78","author":"G Benoni","year":"1996","unstructured":"Benoni G, Fredin H. Fibrinolytic inhibition with tranexamic acid reduces blood loss and blood transfusion after knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomised, double-blind study of 86 patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996;78(3):434\u201340.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"2762_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g4829","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4829","volume":"349","author":"J Poeran","year":"2014","unstructured":"Poeran J, Rasul R, Suzuki S, Danninger T, Mazumdar M, Opperer M, Boettner F, Memtsoudis SG. Tranexamic acid use and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty in the United States: retrospective analysis of effectiveness and safety. BMJ. 2014;349:g4829.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"2762_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0186174","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186174","volume":"12","author":"Y Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun Y, Jiang C, Li Q. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing combined intravenous and topical tranexamic acid with intravenous administration alone in THA. PLoS One. 2017;12(10):e0186174.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"30","key":"2762_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7609","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007609","volume":"96","author":"L Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang L, Du S, Sun Y. Is combined topical and intravenous tranexamic acid superior to single use of tranexamic acid in total joint arthroplasty?: a meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials. Medicine. 2017;96(30):e7609.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2762_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.11.023","volume":"15","author":"J Xie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xie J, Lenke LG, Li T, Si Y, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Xiao J. Preliminary investigation of high-dose tranexamic acid for controlling intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing spine correction surgery. Spine J. 2015;15(4):647\u201354.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"2762_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.09.115","volume":"122","author":"M Gong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gong M, Liu G, Chen L, Chen R, Xiang Z. The efficacy and safety of intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing surgical blood loss in posterior lumbar interbody fusion for the adult: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. World Neurosurg. 2019;122:559\u201368.","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2762_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2017.08.007","volume":"6","author":"JD Lin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lin JD, Lenke LG, Shillingford JN, Laratta JL, Tan LA, Fischer CR, Weller MA, Lehman RA Jr. Safety of a high-dose tranexamic acid protocol in complex adult spinal deformity: analysis of 100 consecutive cases. Spine Deform. 2018;6(2):189\u201394.","journal-title":"Spine Deform"},{"issue":"1","key":"2762_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815e39af","volume":"33","author":"MJ Sokolowski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sokolowski MJ, Garvey TA, Perl J 2nd, Sokolowski MS, Cho W, Mehbod AA, Dykes DC, Transfeldt EE. Prospective study of postoperative lumbar epidural hematoma: incidence and risk factors. Spine. 2008;33(1):108\u201313.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2762_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3925-8","volume":"43","author":"Guorui Cao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cao G, Huang Q, Huang Z, Zhang S, Luo Z, Lei Y, Zhou Z, Pei F. The efficacy and safety of multiple-dose oral tranexamic acid on blood loss following total hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial. Int Orthop. 2019;43(2):299-305.","journal-title":"International Orthopaedics"}],"container-title":["BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-019-2762-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12891-019-2762-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-019-2762-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]],"date-time":"2020-08-29T23:05:44Z","timestamp":1598742344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12891-019-2762-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2762"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-019-2762-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 June 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All analyses were based on previous published studies; thus, no ethical approval and patient consent are required.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"390"}}