{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:38:45Z","timestamp":1791895125487,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]],"date-time":"2019-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Progressive Early-Onset Scoliosis (EOS) in children may lead to surgical interventions with growth-friendly implants, which require repeated lengthening procedures in order to allow adequate growth. Quality of life was studied using the validated German version of the EOS-Questionnaire (EOSQ-24-G) in surgically treated EOS children with different lengthening modalities.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>EOSQ-24-G and the KINDL<jats:sup>R<\/jats:sup> questionnaire were given to families with EOS children who had been treated by either <jats:italic>vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib<\/jats:italic> implants and repetitive lengthening surgeries every 6 months or children who had received a <jats:italic>magnetically expansion controlled<\/jats:italic> implant, which was externally lengthened every 3 months. Results were compared according to differences between the two tests, and with possible influencing factors such as surgical method, severity of scoliosis, relative improvement of curvature, etiology, weight, age, travelling distance, complications, ambulatory ability and others.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>56 children with an average curve angle of 69\u00b0 corrected to 33\u00b0 (52%; average age 5.6\u2009yrs) answered the EOSQ-24-G and the KINDL<jats:sup>R<\/jats:sup> after an average follow-up of 3.9\u2009years. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was not affected by the initial scoliosis correction, the number of surgeries or the implant type. However, there was a negative correlation with non-ambulatory status, complications during treatment and for children with a neuromuscular scoliosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Using the validated EOSQ-24-G, no statistically significant differences were found between the group of children receiving repetitive surgeries and children with external lengthening procedures without surgery. However, results were influenced by the etiology, complication rate or ambulatory ability.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Level of Evidence\/Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Therapeutic Level IV<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2969-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]],"date-time":"2019-12-07T05:00:27Z","timestamp":1575694827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Health-related quality of life in early-onset-scoliosis patients treated with growth-friendly implants is influenced by etiology, complication rate and ambulatory ability"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6655-7130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna K.","family":"Hell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Braunschweig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Behrend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiko M.","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Tsaknakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urs","family":"von Deimling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiril","family":"Mladenov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2969_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200303000-00001","volume":"85-A","author":"RM Campbell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Campbell RM, Smith MD, Mayes TC, Mangos JA, Willey-Courand DB, Kose N, et al. 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All participants were informed about the purpose of the study and oral and written consent was obtained. In the cases of children under 16\u2009years old, consent for participation was obtained from their parent or guardian. The Institutional Ethics Committee of University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen approved the study and waiver of written informed consent (reference number 21\/9\/17).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"588"}}