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The aims of this study were to compare risk factors for each unfavorable surgical outcome according to two different definitions of \u201cunfavorable\u201d surgical outcomes after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) as well as compare the clinical course from the preoperative period to 3\u2009years postoperatively between cases with favorable and unfavorable outcomes according to the two different definitions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Overall, 295 patients who underwent spine surgery for LSS and a follow-up evaluation at 3\u2009years postoperatively were enrolled and divided into favorable and unfavorable groups, based on two different definitions for unfavorable surgical outcomes, as evaluated at 12\u2009months postoperatively: the patient-reported outcome (PRO) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) methods. In the PRO method, patients with a postoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score\u2009&gt;\u200922 were considered as having an \u201cunfavorable\u201d outcome, whereas in the MCID method, those with a postoperative ODI score that changed &lt;\u200912.8 points from the preoperative value were classified as having an \u201cunfavorable\u201d outcome. As a primary outcome, risk factors for unfavorable surgical outcomes according to each definition were investigated at 12\u2009months postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the PRO method, female sex (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011; odds ratio (OR): 2.340), elementary school attainment (vs. university attainment; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035; OR: 2.875), and higher preoperative ODI score (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028; OR: 2.340) were associated with higher odds for an unfavorable surgical outcome. In the MCID method, a higher preoperative ODI score was associated with higher odds (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009\u00a00.001; OR: 0.920) of a favorable surgical outcome. In the PRO method, the favorable outcome group demonstrated significantly lower visual analog scale for back and leg pain and lower ODI scores than the unfavorable outcome group at 3\u2009years postoperatively, whereas in the MCID method, clinical outcomes were not different between the two groups at 3\u2009years postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A higher preoperative ODI score may be a risk factor for postoperative ODI &gt;\u200922 after surgery for LSS. It may also be associated with higher odds for improvements in the ODI score of &gt;\u200912.8.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03323-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T11:02:59Z","timestamp":1588935779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Definitions of unfavorable surgical outcomes and their risk factors based on disability score after spine surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Gang-Un","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiwon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8205-4648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho-Joong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaewoo","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bong-Soon","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Choon-Ki","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heoung-Jae","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin S.","family":"Yeom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"3323_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0708097","volume":"358","author":"JN Katz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Katz JN, Harris MB. 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