{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T10:32:14Z","timestamp":1781001134995,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592784000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although shoulder arthroplasty is less common than knee or hip arthroplasty, the number of procedures being performed is increasing rapidly. The treatment effect is a simple method to measure outcome of joint replacement. The method was applied to measure results of total hip\/knee arthroplasty but not yet for shoulder arthroplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included were patients with unilateral cuff arthropathy (Hamada grades &gt;\u2009=\u20092) treated with reversed total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in this prospective multicenter study. The patients were assessed with the ASES questionnaire. The treatment effects (TE) was calculated for each patient. TE\u2009=\u2009score reduction\/baseline score. A positive TE means amelioration, TE\u2009=\u20090 unchanged, and a negative TE means worse. The primary aim was to calculate the TE\u2019s for RSA at 6, 12, 24, and 60\u2009months postoperatively. The secondary aim was to analyze the influence of confounders (preoperative Hamada grade, age, gender, dominance, side of the affected shoulder, general co-morbidities measured using ASA grade).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred three patients were included for this analysis of whom 183 patients had a complete 2\u2009year follow up. Two years postoperatively the mean ASES score augmented significant from 20.5 to 78.7 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). The 2\u2009year TE\u2019s ranged from 1 to 0.09. We had no patient with a negative TE. A higher Hamada grade was associated with better TE\u2019s (Hamada grade 4+ vs. 2,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value 0.042). For age and dominant side there were weak associations where those aged 80+ and dominant side had better TE\u2019s. The patients with higher ASA grade had lower TE\u2019s (ASA grade 4+ vs. 1,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value 0.013). The mean TE\u2019s were 0.77 at 6-months, 0.81 at 1\u2009year, 0.76 at 2\u2009years and 0.73 at 5\u2009years.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The outcome for reverse shoulder arthroplasty can be measured with the treatment effect method; the 2\u2009years TE\u2019s vary from 1 to 0.09. The mean treatment effects change little in the first five postoperative years (from 0.73 to 0.81). The confounders for better TE\u2019s were: higher severity of cuff arthropathy (Hamada grade 3, 4 and 5), less co-morbidities (ASA Grade 1), higher age (80+) and dominant side. Gender did not influence the 2-year TE\u2019s.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Comit\u00e9 intercantonal d\u2019\u00e9thique (Jura, Fribourg, Neuch\u00e2tel), number 01\/2008\n                      <jats:bold>,<\/jats:bold>\n                      24.09.2008.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03427-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T15:03:53Z","timestamp":1592838233000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Treatment effects of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty \u2013 a simple method to measure outcomes at 6, 12, 24 and 60\u2009months for each patient"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1413-1314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joerg","family":"Huber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Irlenbusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max J.","family":"K\u00e4\u00e4b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falk","family":"Reuther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georges","family":"Kohut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andy","family":"Judge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3427_CR1","unstructured":"National Joint Registry, National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man. 13th Annual Report. 2016. https:\/\/reports.njrcentre.org.uk."},{"issue":"8","key":"3427_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.11.032","volume":"23","author":"JM Wiater","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wiater JM, et al. 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Written informed consent was obtained from all individual patients included in the study at each hospital site.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare, that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"397"}}