{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T04:15:45Z","timestamp":1782447345358,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To report a mini-open pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) technique, to summarize the 2-year follow-up results of 25 patients, and to describe a modified operating table which allows the osteotomy to be closed in a more controllable manner.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with AS who received one-level mini-open PSO between July 2015 and January 2018. The 25 patients with complete medical records and 2-year radiographic follow-up were included in the analysis. Estimated blood loss, operation time, incision length, complications, bed rest period, and length of hospitalization were extracted from the medical records and recorded.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The mean age of the 25 patients (22 males and 3 females) was 39.5\u00a0years. The average global kyphosis(GK) decreased from 70.2\u00b0 before surgery to 22.3\u00b0 after surgery; the average C7- sagittal vertical axis (C7-SVA) decreased from 15.5\u00a0cm before surgery to 5.1\u00a0cm after surgery; the average pelvic incidence(PT) decreased from 37.8\u00b0 before surgery to 22.5\u00b0 after surgery. The average length of the incision was 10.2\u00a0cm. The average surgical time was 263.0\u00a0min, the average estimated blood loss was 840.0\u00a0ml, and the average time to mobilization was 4.1\u00a0days.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The current report shows that one-level PSO can be performed through an incision of about 10\u00a0cm. The one-level mini-open PSO could be superior to traditional PSO surgery with respect to cosmetic outcomes. Further comparative studies are necessary to evaluate the current and conventional techniques.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-03974-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T10:08:09Z","timestamp":1611310089000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["One\u2010level mini\u2010open pedicle subtraction osteotomy for treating spinal kyphosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunde","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longtao","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"3974_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000815","volume":"40","author":"H Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu H, Yang C, Zheng Z, Ding W, Wang J, Wang H, Li S. Comparison of Smith-Petersen osteotomy and pedicle subtraction osteotomy for the correction of thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity in ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine. 2015;40(8):570\u20139.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3974_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5421-z","volume":"27","author":"H Koller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Koller H, Koller J, Mayer M, Hempfing A, Hitzl W. Osteotomies in ankylosing spondylitis: where, how many, and how much? Eur Spine J. 2018;27(Suppl 1):70\u2013100.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"17","key":"3974_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1046","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001610","volume":"41","author":"G Zheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zheng G, Song K, Yao Z, Zhang Y, Tang X, Wang Z, Zhang X, Mao K, Cui G, Wang Y. How to calculate the exact angle for two-level osteotomy in ankylosing spondylitis? Spine. 2016;41(17):E1046-52.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"3974_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.7.SPINE171367","volume":"30","author":"TJ Buell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buell TJ, Nguyen JH, Mazur MD, Mullin JP, Garces J, Taylor DG, Yen CP, Shaffrey ME, Shaffrey CI, Smith JS. Radiographic outcome and complications after single-level lumbar extended pedicle subtraction osteotomy for fixed sagittal malalignment: a retrospective analysis of 55 adult spinal deformity patients with a minimum 2-year follow-up. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018;30(2):242\u201352.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine."},{"key":"3974_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang T, Zheng G, Wang Y, Zhang X, Hu F, Wang Y. Comparison of 2 surgeries in correction of severe kyphotic deformity caused by ankylosing spondylitis: vertebral column decancellation and pedicle subtraction osteotomy. World Neurosur. 2019;127:e972-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.04.011"},{"issue":"1","key":"3974_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1371-y","volume":"14","author":"Z Xin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xin Z, Zheng G, Huang P, Zhang X, Wang Y. Clinical results and surgery tactics of spinal osteotomy for ankylosing spondylitis kyphosis: experience of 428 patients. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019;14(1):330.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3974_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1711-1","volume":"18","author":"JC Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang JC, Qian BP, Qiu Y, Wang B, Yu Y, Zhu ZZ, Hu J, Qu Z. Quality of life and correlation with clinical and radiographic variables in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective case series study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017;18(1):352.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"3974_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.10.SPI08259","volume":"10","author":"PA Sugrue","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sugrue PA, O\u2019Shaughnessy BA, Nasr F, Koski TR, Ondra SL. Abdominal complications following kyphosis correction in ankylosing spondylitis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009;10(2):154\u20139.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"3974_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.6.SPINE171277","volume":"30","author":"BP Qian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qian BP, Huang JC, Qiu Y, Wang B, Yu Y, Zhu ZZ, Mao SH, Jiang J. Complications of spinal osteotomy for thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis in 342 patients: incidence and risk factors. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018;30(1):91\u20138.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"3974_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1341604","volume":"4","author":"RA Ravinsky","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ravinsky RA, Ouellet JA, Brodt ED, Dettori JR. Vertebral Osteotomies in Ankylosing Spondylitis-Comparison of Outcomes Following Closing Wedge Osteotomy versus Opening Wedge Osteotomy: A Systematic Review. Evidence-based spine-care journal. 2013;4(1):18\u201329.","journal-title":"Evidence-based spine-care journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"3974_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E616","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31828b3299","volume":"38","author":"K Song","year":"2013","unstructured":"Song K, Zheng G, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Mao K, Wang Y. A new method for calculating the exact angle required for spinal osteotomy. Spine. 2013;38(10):E616\u201320.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"3974_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.11.SPINE17228","volume":"29","author":"T Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang T, Zhao Y, Liang Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Wang Y. Risk factor analysis of proximal junctional kyphosis after posterior osteotomy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018;29(1):75\u201380.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"3974_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.98B5.35726","volume":"98-b","author":"X Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wang J, Lu M, Hu W, Wang Y, Wang Y. Vertebral column decancellation: a new spinal osteotomy technique for correcting rigid thoracolumbar kyphosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Bone Joint J. 2016;98-b(5):672\u20138.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J."},{"issue":"1","key":"3974_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2013-y","volume":"19","author":"SH Mao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mao SH, Feng ZX, Qian BP, Qiu Y. The clinical relevance of the presence of bridging syndesmophytes on kyphosis correction and maintenance following pedicle subtraction osteotomy for thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity in ankylosing spondylitis: a comparative cohort study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018;19(1):97.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"3974_CR15","first-page":"843.e811-844","volume":"81","author":"MY Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang MY, Madhavan K. Mini-open pedicle subtraction osteotomy: surgical technique. World Neurosurg. 2014;81(5\u20136):843.e811-844.","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"3974_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001167","volume":"12","author":"D Chou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chou D, Lau D. The mini-open pedicle subtraction osteotomy for flat-back syndrome and kyphosis correction: operative technique. Operative Neurosurg (Hagerstown Md). 2016;12(4):309\u201316.","journal-title":"Operative Neurosurg (Hagerstown Md)"},{"issue":"5","key":"3974_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.7.SPINE15188","volume":"24","author":"MY Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang MY, Bordon G. Mini-open pedicle subtraction osteotomy as a treatment for severe adult spinal deformities: case series with initial clinical and radiographic outcomes. J Neurosurg Spine. 2016;24(5):769\u201376.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"3974_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu ZJ, Qian BP, Qiu Y, Mao SH, Jiang J, Wang B. Does relocation of the apex after osteotomy affect surgical and clinical outcomes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and thoracolumbar kyphosis? J Neurosurgery Spine. 2019;31(1):27\u201334.","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.12.SPINE18752"},{"key":"3974_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-015-0118-x","volume":"16","author":"X Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu X, Thapa AJ, Cai Z, Wang P, Huang L, Tang Y, Ye J, Cheng K, Shen H. Comparison of smith-petersen osteotomy, pedicular subtraction osteotomy, and poly-segmental wedge osteotomy in treating rigid thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity in ankylosing spondylitis a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Surg. 2016;16:4.","journal-title":"BMC Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"3974_CR20","first-page":"9708","volume":"8","author":"Y Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu Y, Ma Z, Gu X. Gender of patients and level of osteotomy are predictive factors for blood loss in ankylosing spondylitis patients undergoing pedicle subtraction osteotomy. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(6):9708\u201315.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"3974_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charles YP, Ntilikina Y, Collinet A, Steib JP. Combined percutaneous and open instrumentation for thoracolumbar kyphosis correction by two-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy in ankylosing spondylitis. Eur J Orthopaedic Surg Traumatol. 2020;30(5):939\u201347.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-020-02631-4"},{"issue":"5","key":"3974_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.3.SPINE16357","volume":"27","author":"E Ferrero","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ferrero E, Liabaud B, Henry JK, Ames CP, Kebaish K, Mundis GM, Hostin R, Gupta MC, Boachie-Adjei O, Smith JS, et al. Sagittal alignment and complications following lumbar 3-column osteotomy: does the level of resection matter? J Neurosurg Spine. 2017;27(5):560\u20139.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"14","key":"3974_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E848","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001984","volume":"42","author":"WB Hua","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hua WB, Zhang YK, Gao Y, Liu XZ, Yang SH, Wu XH, Wang J, Yang C. Analysis of sagittal parameters in patients undergoing one- or two-level closing wedge osteotomy for correcting thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis. Spine. 2017;42(14):E848-54.","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"3974_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.06.053","volume":"117","author":"M Qiao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qiao M, Qian BP, Zhao SZ, Qiu Y, Wang B, Jiang J. Clinical and radiographic results after posterior wedge osteotomy for thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis: comparison of long and short segment. World neurosurgery. 2018;117:e475-82.","journal-title":"World neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"3974_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.2.SPINE11120","volume":"16","author":"FJ Schwab","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schwab FJ, Patel A, Shaffrey CI, Smith JS, Farcy JP, Boachie-Adjei O, Hostin RA, Hart RA, Akbarnia BA, Burton DC, et al. Sagittal realignment failures following pedicle subtraction osteotomy surgery: are we doing enough?: Clinical article. J Neurosurg Spine. 2012;16(6):539\u201346.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"3974_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang JC, Qian BP, Qiu Y, Wang B, Yu Y, Qiao M. What is the optimal postoperative sagittal alignment in ankylosing spondylitis patients with thoracolumbar kyphosis following one-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy? Spine J. 2019;20(5):765\u201375.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.11.005"},{"issue":"7","key":"3974_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318224b199","volume":"25","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Wang X, Qian B, Wang B, Yu Y, Zhao Q, Qiu Y. Loss of correction in the treatment of thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison between Smith-Petersen osteotomies and pedicle subtraction osteotomy. J Spin Disord Tech. 2012;25(7):383\u201390.","journal-title":"J Spin Disord Tech"},{"key":"3974_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu H, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Xiao S, Wang Y. Radiologic and clinical outcomes comparison between single- and two-level pedicle subtraction osteotomies in correcting ankylosing spondylitis kyphosis. Spine J. 2015;15(2):290\u20137.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.09.014"}],"container-title":["BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-021-03974-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12891-021-03974-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-021-03974-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T10:09:08Z","timestamp":1611310148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12891-021-03974-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3974"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-021-03974-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 January 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Peking University First Hospital (the ethics approval number provided by the board was 20190309052). All participants signed an informed consent for participation in this study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consents for publication of topless photographs and whole spine radiographs in the anatomic position were obtained from the patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors declare they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"101"}}