{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:39:11Z","timestamp":1792521551973,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increasing incidence of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has led to an increase in both the incidence and the cost burden of revision TKA procedures. This study aimed to review the literature on the cost of revision TKA for septic and aseptic causes and to identify the major cost components contributing to the cost burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched MEDLINE (OvidSp), Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EconLit, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies. Selection, data extraction and assessment of the risk of bias and cost transparency within the studies were conducted by two independent reviewers, after which the cost data were analysed narratively for 1- or 2-stage septic revision without re-revision; 2-stage septic revision with re-revision; and aseptic revision with and without re-revision, respectively. The major cost components identified in the respective studies were also reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The direct medical cost from the healthcare provider perspective for high-income countries for 2-stage septic revision with re-revision ranged from US$66,629 to US$81,938, which can be about 2.5 times the cost of 1- or 2-stage septic revision without re-revision, (range: US$24,027 \u2013 US$38,109), which can be about double the cost of aseptic revision without re-revision (range: US$13,910 \u2013 US$29,213). The major cost components were the perioperative cost (33%), prosthesis cost (28%), and hospital ward stay cost (22%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Septic TKA revision with re-revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) increases the cost burden of revision TKA by 4 times when compared to aseptic single-stage revision and by 2.5 times when compared to septic TKA revision that does not undergo re-revision. Cost reductions can be achieved by reducing the number of primary TKA that develop PJI, avoidance of re-revisions for PJI, and reduction in the length of stay after revision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PROSPERO;\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/display_record.php?RecordID=171988\">CRD42020171988<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04597-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T06:06:41Z","timestamp":1629266801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Cost of septic and aseptic revision total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Charles","family":"Okafor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent","family":"Hodgkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Son","family":"Nghiem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Vertullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Byrnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"4597_CR1","unstructured":"Australian Orthopaedic Association. Joint Replacement Annual Report. 2020. https:\/\/aoanjrr.sahmri.com\/annual-reports-2020. Accessed 15 Apr 2021."},{"key":"4597_CR2","unstructured":"American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. American Joint Replacement Registry-2019 Report. 2019. http:\/\/connect.ajrr.net\/2019-ajrr-annual-report. Accessed 20 Jun 2020."},{"issue":"5","key":"4597_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2020.07.083","volume":"27","author":"JR Murray","year":"2020","unstructured":"Murray JR, Howells N, Mathews JA, Kalson NS, Porteous AJ. Investigation of the problematic knee replacement. Knee. 2020;27(5):1676\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knee.2020.07.083.","journal-title":"Knee."},{"issue":"9","key":"4597_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-017-5396-4","volume":"475","author":"CK Koh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koh CK, Zeng I, Ravi S, Zhu M, Vince KG, Young SW. Periprosthetic joint infection is the Main cause of failure for modern knee arthroplasty: an analysis of 11,134 knees. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2017;475(9):2194\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-017-5396-4.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1_Supple_A","key":"4597_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.98B1.36293","volume":"98-B","author":"M Khan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Khan M, Osman K, Green G, Haddad FS. The epidemiology of failure in total knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint J. 2016;98-B(1_Supple_A):105\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.98B1.36293.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"4597_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200211000-00003","volume":"404","author":"PF Sharkey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sharkey PF, Hozack WJ, Rothman RH, Shastri S, Jacoby SM. Why are Total knee arthroplasties failing today? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2002;404:7\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-200211000-00003.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4597_CR7","unstructured":"PRISMA. PRISMA 2009 Statement. 2009. http:\/\/prisma-statement.org\/PRISMAStatement\/Checklist.aspx. Accessed 1 May 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"4597_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s41669-020-00242-7","volume":"5","author":"CE Okafor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Okafor CE, Nghiem S, Vertullo C, Byrnes J. Cost of revision Total knee replacement: a protocol for systematic review and Meta-analysis. PharmacoEconomics - Open. 2020;5(2):331\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41669-020-00242-7.","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics - Open"},{"key":"4597_CR9","first-page":"1","volume":"2020","author":"JJ Yao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yao JJ, Hevesi M, Visscher SL, Ransom JE, Lewallen DG, Berry DJ, et al. Direct inpatient medical costs of operative treatment of Periprosthetic hip and knee infections are twofold higher than those of aseptic revisions. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 2019;2020:1\u20136.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"4597_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.4055\/cios20037","volume":"12","author":"F Iqbal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Iqbal F, Shafiq B, Noor SS, Ali Z, Memon N, Memon N. Economic burden of Periprosthetic joint infection following primary Total knee replacement in a developing country. Clin Orthop Surg. 2020;12(4):470\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4055\/cios20037.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"key":"4597_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Husereau D, Drummond M, Petrou S, Carswell C, Moher D, Greenberg D, et al. Consolidated health economic evaluation reporting standards ( CHEERS ) \u2014 explanation and elaboration : a report of the ISPOR health economic evaluation publication guidelines good reporting practices task force. Value Health. 2013;16(2):231\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jval.2013.02.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2013.02.002"},{"issue":"8","key":"4597_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.2165\/11588380-000000000-00000","volume":"29","author":"A Larg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Larg A, Moss JR. Cost-of-illness studies. Pharmacoeconomics. 2011;29(8):653\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/11588380-000000000-00000.","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics."},{"key":"4597_CR13","volume-title":"Incorporating economics evidence","author":"I Shemilt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shemilt I, Mugford M, Byford S, Drummond M, Eisenstein E, Knapp M, et al. Incorporating economics evidence. Oxford: Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions; 2011. www.cochrane-handbook.org"},{"key":"4597_CR14","unstructured":"International Consensus Group. Second International Consensus Meeting on Musculoskeletal Infection. 2018. https:\/\/icmphilly.com\/. Accessed 12 Jun 2021."},{"issue":"2","key":"4597_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.5792\/ksrr.17.095","volume":"30","author":"YS Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee YS, Chen AF. Two-stage Reimplantation in infected Total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Relat Res. 2018;30(2):107\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5792\/ksrr.17.095.","journal-title":"Knee Surg Relat Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4597_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462305050324","volume":"21","author":"S Evers","year":"2005","unstructured":"Evers S, Goossens M, de Vet H, van Tulder M, Ament A. Criteria list for assessment of methodological quality of economic evaluations: consensus on health economic criteria. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2005;21(2):240\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0266462305050324.","journal-title":"Int J Technol Assess Health Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"4597_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2008.01033.x","volume":"15","author":"H Fukuda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fukuda H, Imanaka Y. Assessment of transparency of cost estimates in economic evaluations of patient safety programmes. J Eval Clin Pract. 2009;15(3):451\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2008.01033.x.","journal-title":"J Eval Clin Pract"},{"key":"4597_CR18","unstructured":"CCEMG and EPPI-Centre. CCEMG - EPPI-Centre Cost Converter v.1.6. 2019. https:\/\/eppi.ioe.ac.uk\/costconversion\/default.aspx. Accessed 15 Mar 2020."},{"key":"4597_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hebert CK, Williams RE, Levy RS, Barrack RL. Cost of treating an infected total knee replacement. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996(331):140\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199610000-00019.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199610000-00019"},{"key":"4597_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1224-8","volume":"14","author":"A Adeyemi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Adeyemi A, Trueman P. Economic burden of surgical site infections within the episode of care following joint replacement. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019;14:1\u20139.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"4597_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.11.006","volume":"29","author":"JA Bosco","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bosco JA, Karkenny AJ, Hutzler LH, Slover JD, Iorio R. Cost burden of 30-day readmissions following Medicare Total hip and knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplast. 2014;29(5):903\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2013.11.006.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"issue":"1","key":"4597_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0945-0","volume":"468","author":"K Bozic","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bozic K, Kurtz S, Lau E, Ong K, Chiu V, Vail T, et al. The epidemiology of revision total knee arthroplasty in the United States. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010;468(1):45\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-009-0945-0.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"4597_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.02.029","volume":"31","author":"AJ Clair","year":"2016","unstructured":"Clair AJ, Evangelista PJ, Lajam CM, Slover JD, Bosco JA, Iorio R. Cost analysis of Total joint arthroplasty readmissions in a bundled payment care improvement initiative. J Arthroplast. 2016;31(9):1862\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2016.02.029.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"issue":"2","key":"4597_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19990201-08","volume":"22","author":"R Iorio","year":"1999","unstructured":"Iorio R, Healy WL, Richards JA. Comparison of the hospital cost of primary and revision total knee arthroplasty after cost containment. Orthopedics. 1999;22(2):195\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/0147-7447-19990201-08.","journal-title":"Orthopedics."},{"issue":"9","key":"4597_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.03.035","volume":"30","author":"AF Kamath","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kamath AF, Ong KL, Lau E, Chan V, Vail TP, Rubash HE, et al. Quantifying the burden of revision Total joint arthroplasty for Periprosthetic infection. J Arthroplast. 2015;30(9):1492\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2015.03.035.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"issue":"5","key":"4597_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.09.017","volume":"29","author":"BH Kapadia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kapadia BH, McElroy MJ, Issa K, Johnson AJ, Bozic KJ, Mont MA. The economic impact of periprosthetic infections following total knee arthroplasty at a specialized tertiary-care center. J Arthroplast. 2014;29(5):929\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2013.09.017.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"issue":"7","key":"4597_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2007.10.017","volume":"23","author":"SM Kurtz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kurtz SM, Lau E, Schmier J, Ong KL, Zhao K, Parvizi J. Infection burden for hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States. J Arthroplast. 2008;23(7):984\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2007.10.017.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"issue":"8 SUPPL","key":"4597_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2012.02.022","volume":"27","author":"SM Kurtz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kurtz SM, Lau E, Watson H, Schmier JK, Parvizi J. Economic burden of periprosthetic joint infection in the united states. J Arthroplast. 2012;27(8 SUPPL):61\u201365.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2012.02.022.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4597_CR29","unstructured":"Lavernia CJ, Drakeford MK, Tsao AK, Gittelsohn A, Krackow KA, Hungerford DS. Revision and primary hip and knee arthroplasty: A cost analysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995;(311):136\u201341."},{"key":"4597_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lavernia C, Lee DJ, Hernandez VH. The increasing financial burden of knee revision surgery in the United States. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006;446:221\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.blo.0000214424.67453.9a.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000214424.67453.9a"},{"issue":"9","key":"4597_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.06.001","volume":"28","author":"Y Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li Y, Lu X, Wolf BR, Callaghan JJ, Cram P. Variation of medicare payments for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplast. 2013;28(9):1513\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2013.06.001.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4597_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.01.022","volume":"31","author":"CI Nichols","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nichols CI, Vose JG. Clinical Outcomes and Costs Within 90 Days of Primary or Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty. J Arthroplast. 2016;31:1400\u20131406.e3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2016.01.022.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4597_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.10.013","volume":"31","author":"CI Nichols","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nichols CI, Vose JG. Comparative Risk of Transfusion and Incremental Total Hospitalization Cost for Primary Unilateral, Bilateral, and Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Procedures. J Arthroplast. 2016;31:583\u2013589.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2015.10.013.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 6","key":"4597_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2010.04.011","volume":"25","author":"J Parvizi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Parvizi J, Pawasarat IM, Azzam KA, Joshi A, Hansen EN, Bozic KJ. Periprosthetic joint infection: the economic impact of methicillin-resistant infections. J Arthroplast. 2010;25(SUPPL. 6):103\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2010.04.011.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4597_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.09.024","volume":"33","author":"RA Reeves","year":"2018","unstructured":"Reeves RA, Schairer WW, Jevsevar DS. Costs and Risk Factors for Hospital Readmission After Periprosthetic Knee Fractures in the United States. J Arthroplast. 2018;33:324\u2013330.e1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2017.09.024.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4597_CR36","first-page":"131","volume":"19","author":"MA Ritter","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ritter MA, Carr KD, Keating EM, Faris PN, Bankoff DL, Ireland PM. Revision total joint arthroplasty: does medicare reimbursement justify time spent? Orthopedics. 1996;19:131\u20139.","journal-title":"Orthopedics."},{"issue":"9","key":"4597_CR37","first-page":"871","volume":"18","author":"TP Sculco","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sculco TP. The economic impact of infected joint arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 1995;18(9):871\u20133.","journal-title":"Orthopedics."},{"issue":"5","key":"4597_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.10.043","volume":"31","author":"BS Waddell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Waddell BS, Briski DC, Meyer MS, Ochsner JL, Chimento GF. Financial analysis of treating Periprosthetic joint infections at a tertiary referral center. J Arthroplast. 2016;31(5):952\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2015.10.043.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"key":"4597_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.01.017","volume":"30","author":"SH Yi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yi SH, Baggs J, Culler SD, Berr\u00edos-Torres SI, Jernigan JA. Medicare Reimbursement Attributable to Periprosthetic Joint Infection Following Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplast. 2015;30:931\u2013938.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2015.01.017.","journal-title":"J Arthroplast"},{"issue":"4","key":"4597_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2015.12.014","volume":"9","author":"E Alp","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alp E, Cevahir F, Ersoy S, Guney A. Incidence and economic burden of prosthetic joint infections in a university hospital: a report from a middle-income country. J Infect Public Health. 2016;9(4):494\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2015.12.014.","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"4597_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Burns AWR, Bourne RB, Chesworth BM, MacDonald SJ, Rorabeck CH. Cost effectiveness of revision total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006;446:29\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.blo.0000214420.14088.76.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000214420.14088.76"},{"issue":"4","key":"4597_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1590\/s1413-86702010000400008","volume":"14","author":"K Dal-Paz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dal-Paz K, Oliveira PRD, de Paula AP, da Emerick MCS, P\u00e9cora JR, Lima ALLM. Economic impact of treatment for surgical site infections in cases of total knee arthroplasty in a tertiary public hospital in Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2010;14(4):356\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1413-86702010000400008.","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"4597_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201904_17496","volume":"23","author":"K Efremov","year":"2019","unstructured":"Efremov K, Benedetti Valentini M, De Maio F, Potenza V, Caterini R, Farsetti P. Periprosthetic hip and knee infections: comparison of etiology, perioperative management and costs. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2019;23(2 Suppl):217\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_201904_17496.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"1432","key":"4597_CR44","first-page":"51","volume":"129","author":"N Gow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gow N, McGuinness C, Morris AJ, McLellan A, Hardy AE, Munro JT, et al. Excess cost associated with primary hip and knee joint arthroplasty surgical site infections: a driver to support investment in quality improvement strategies to reduce infection rates. N Z Med J. 2016;129(1432):51\u20138.","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"4597_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/196515","volume":"2012","author":"M Haenle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Haenle M, Skripitz C, Mittelmeier W, Skripitz R. Economic impact of infected total knee arthroplasty. Sci World J. 2012;2012:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1100\/2012\/196515.","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"4597_CR46","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"R Kasch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kasch R, Merk S, Assmann G, Lahm A, Napp M, Merk H, et al. Comparative analysis of direct hospital care costs between aseptic and two-stage septic knee revision. PLoS One. 2017;12:1\u201313.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4597_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8987104","volume":"2018","author":"M Weber","year":"2018","unstructured":"Weber M, Renkawitz T, Voellner F, Craiovan B, Greimel F, Worlicek M, et al. Revision surgery in Total joint replacement is cost-intensive. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/8987104.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"4597_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.55095\/achot2018\/071","volume":"85","author":"M Holinka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Holinka M, Gallo J, Zapletalova J, Pavlicny R. Analysis of costs associated with revision Total knee arthroplasty. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cechoslov. 2018;85:418\u201326.","journal-title":"Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cechoslov"},{"key":"4597_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.55095\/achot2019\/026","volume":"85","author":"D Musil","year":"2019","unstructured":"Musil D, Snorek M, Gallo J, Jahoda D, Stehlik J. Economic analysis of the costs of hospital stay of patients with infection as a complication of Total replacements - part 1: Total knee arthroplasty. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cechoslov. 2019;85:173\u201380.","journal-title":"Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cechoslov"},{"issue":"2","key":"4597_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B2.33707","volume":"97-B","author":"RF Kallala","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kallala RF, Ibrahim MS, Sarmah S, Haddad FS, Vanhegan IS. Financial analysis of revision knee surgery based on NHS tariffs and hospital costs does it pay to provide a revision service? Bone Jt J. 2015;97-B(2):197\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.97B2.33707.","journal-title":"Bone Jt J"},{"issue":"7","key":"4597_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-010-1074-8","volume":"18","author":"KO Oduwole","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oduwole KO, Molony DC, Walls RJ, Bashir SP, Mulhall KJ. Increasing financial burden of revision total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2010;18(7):945\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-010-1074-8.","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"4597_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2019.1572219","volume":"51","author":"T Puhto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Puhto T, Puhto AP, Vielma M, Syrj\u00e4l\u00e4 H. Infection triples the cost of a primary joint arthroplasty. Infect Dis (Auckl). 2019;51(5):348\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23744235.2019.1572219.","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Auckl)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4597_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.28508","volume":"3","author":"A Sousa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sousa A, Carvalho A, Pereira C, Reis E, Santos AC, Abreu M, et al. Economic impact of prosthetic joint infection - an evaluation within the Portuguese National Health System. J Bone Jt Infect. 2018;3(4):197\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/jbji.28508.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Infect"},{"key":"4597_CR54","unstructured":"HCUP. Cost-to-Charge Ratio Files. 2018. https:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/db\/state\/costtocharge.jsp."},{"issue":"3","key":"4597_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.12109","volume":"210","author":"S Adie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Adie S, Harris I, Chuan A, Lewis P, Naylor JM. Selecting and optimising patients for total knee arthroplasty. Med J Aust. 2019;210(3):135\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5694\/mja2.12109.","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"issue":"5","key":"4597_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-018-5115-z","volume":"27","author":"CJ Vertullo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vertullo CJ, Graves SE, Peng Y, Lewis PL. An optimum prosthesis combination of low-risk total knee arthroplasty options in all five primary categories of design results in a 60% reduction in revision risk: a registry analysis of 482,373 prostheses. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019;27(5):1418\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-018-5115-z.","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"4597_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1086\/501762","volume":"21","author":"ELPE Geubbels","year":"2000","unstructured":"Geubbels ELPE, Groot AJM, van den Berg JMJ, de Boer AS. An operating surveillance system of surgical-site infections in the Netherlands: results of the PREZIES National Surveillance Network. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2000;21(5):311\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/501762.","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4597_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.09.016","volume":"105","author":"T Ferry","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ferry T, Seng P, Mainard D, Jenny JY, Laurent F, Senneville E, et al. The CRIOAc healthcare network in France: a nationwide health ministry program to improve the management of bone and joint infection. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2019;105(1):185\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.09.016.","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4597_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2018.06.006","volume":"100","author":"R Troughton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Troughton R, Birgand G, Johnson AP, Naylor N, Gharbi M, Aylin P, et al. Mapping national surveillance of surgical site infections in England: needs and priorities. J Hosp Infect. 2018;100(4):378\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2018.06.006.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"9","key":"4597_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B9.BJJ-2020-0203.R1","volume":"102-B","author":"JA Mathews","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mathews JA, Kalson NS, Tarrant PM, Toms AD. Top ten research priorities for problematic knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint J. 2020;102-B(9):1176\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.102B9.BJJ-2020-0203.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"}],"container-title":["BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04597-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04597-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04597-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T09:15:50Z","timestamp":1699348550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04597-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4597"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04597-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"706"}}