{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T19:36:16Z","timestamp":1785267376076,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721174400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a widely employed intervention in orthopedic surgeries to minimize blood loss and the need for postoperative transfusions. This study focuses on assessing the efficacy and safety of TXA specifically in undernourished older adults undergoing hip fracture procedures.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 216 patients were classified into two groups based on the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index: undernourished and normal. In total, 82 patients received intravenous TXA at a dosage of 15\u00a0mg\/kg before incision, with an additional 1\u00a0g administered intravenously over a 3-hour period postoperatively. Postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) drop, blood transfusion rate, and the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) were assessed in each group according to the presence or absence of TXA. Additionally, demographic factors including age, sex, body mass index, and serum albumin were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>51.9% patients were identified as undernourished, experiencing progressive anemia (Hb: 10.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5\u00a0g\/dL) and hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin: 31.9\u2009\u00b1\u20098\u00a0g\/L). In comparison with the normal group, undernourished individuals were more likely to sustain femoral neck fractures (undernutrition vs. normal: 56.2 vs. 42.3%) and less likely to incur trochanteric fractures (undernutrition vs. normal: 43.8 vs. 57.7%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043). TXA administration significantly reduced the transfusion rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014) and Hb drop (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) in the normal nutritional group, while its impact on the undernourished group remained less pronounced. There was no significant association between TXA administration and the rate of DVT complications, irrespective of the nutritional status.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Undernutrition not only diminishes muscle strength and gait function, leading to various types of hip fractures, but it may also hinder the efficacy of TXA in reducing blood transfusion rates and blood loss.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-07665-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T07:02:04Z","timestamp":1721199724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Tranexamic acid efficacy in geriatric hip fractures: impact of nutritional status on blood loss, transfusion rates, and safety"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinkichi","family":"Himeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"7665_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215145932110151","DOI":"10.1177\/21514593211015118","volume":"16","author":"P Gupta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gupta P, Kang KK, Pasternack JB, Klein E, Feierman DE. Perioperative transfusion associated with increased morbidity and mortality in geriatric patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 2021;16:12:21514593211015118.","journal-title":"Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"7665_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.11.015","volume":"218","author":"EW Beal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beal EW, Bagante F, Paredes A, Akgul O, Merath K, Cua S, Dillhoff ME, Schmidt CR, Abel E, Scrape S, Ejaz A, Pawlik TM. Perioperative use of blood products is associated with risk of morbidity and mortality after surgery. Am J Surg. 2019;218(1):62\u201370.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"7665_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B12.26989","volume":"93","author":"S Alshryda","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alshryda S, Sarda P, Sukeik M, Nargol A, Blenkinsopp J, Mason JM. 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(No.22R-02). Informed consent was obtained from all the participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"553"}}