{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:02:30Z","timestamp":1788930150446,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-08243-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T01:22:06Z","timestamp":1735867326000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Efficacy of small-diameter core decompression with platelet-rich plasma in early osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Haiwei","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahao","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enze","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongke","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.06.013","volume":"26","author":"W Ando","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ando W, Sakai T, Fukushima W, et al. Japanese Orthopaedic Association 2019 guidelines for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Orthop Sci. 2021;26(1):46\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jos.2020.06.013.","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"8243_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897439","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.897439","volume":"13","author":"Z Wen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wen Z, Li Y, Cai Z, et al. Global trends and current status in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a bibliometric analysis of publications in the last 30 years. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:897439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.897439.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"2","key":"8243_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3109\/14397595.2014.932038","volume":"25","author":"K Ikeuchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ikeuchi K, Hasegawa Y, Seki T, Takegami Y, Amano T, Ishiguro N. Epidemiology of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Japan. Mod Rheumatol. 2015;25(2):278\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14397595.2014.932038.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"19","key":"8243_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.O.00071","volume":"97","author":"MA Mont","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mont MA, Cherian JJ, Sierra RJ, Jones LC, Lieberman JR. Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: where do we stand today? A ten-year update. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2015;97(19):1604\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.O.00071.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"21","key":"8243_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.168017","volume":"128","author":"DW Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao DW, Yu M, Hu K, et al. Prevalence of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head and its associated risk factors in the Chinese population: results from a nationally representative survey. Chin Med J (Engl). 2015;128(21):2843\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0366-6999.168017.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"8243_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037190","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.1037190","volume":"13","author":"Z Che","year":"2022","unstructured":"Che Z, Song Y, Zhu L, Liu T, Li X, Huang L. Emerging roles of growth factors in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Front Genet. 2022;13:1037190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2022.1037190.","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"8243_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.19.01271","volume":"102","author":"MA Mont","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mont MA, Salem HS, Piuzzi NS, Goodman SB, Jones LC. Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: where do we stand today?: A 5-year update. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020;102(12):1084\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.19.01271.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"8243_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.20.00507","volume":"104","author":"QS Wei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wei QS, Li ZQ, Hong ZN, et al. Predicting collapse in osteonecrosis of the femoral head using a new method: preserved angles of anterior and lateral femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2022;104(Suppl 2):47\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.20.00507.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"8243_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.99b10.Bjj-2017-0233.R2","volume":"99-b","author":"M Chughtai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chughtai M, Piuzzi NS, Khlopas A, Jones LC, Goodman SB, Mont MA. An evidence-based guide to the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Bone Joint J. 2017;99-b(10):1267\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.99b10.Bjj-2017-0233.R2.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J."},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.11005\/jbm.2019.26.1.13","volume":"26","author":"YJ Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee YJ, Cui Q, Koo KH. Is There a role of pharmacological treatments in the prevention or treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head?: a systematic review. J Bone Metab. 2019;26(1):13\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11005\/jbm.2019.26.1.13.","journal-title":"J Bone Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-017-0705-x","volume":"13","author":"K Xie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie K, Mao Y, Qu X, et al. High-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Orthop Surg Res. 2018;13(1):25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-017-0705-x.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"8243_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.810.Bjr-2019-0022.R1","volume":"8","author":"Y Kuroda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuroda Y, Tanaka T, Miyagawa T, et al. Classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: Who should have surgery? Bone Joint Res. 2019;8(10):451\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2046-3758.810.Bjr-2019-0022.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1359-7","volume":"14","author":"KC Hua","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hua KC, Yang XG, Feng JT, et al. The efficacy and safety of core decompression for the treatment of femoral head necrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019;14(1):306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-019-1359-7.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"8243_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12979","volume":"13","author":"Y Kuroda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuroda Y, Okuzu Y, Kawai T, Goto K, Matsuda S. Difference in therapeutic strategies for joint-preserving surgery for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head between the United States and Japan: a review of the literature. Orthop Surg. 2021;13(3):742\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12979.","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"8243_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v3.i5.49","volume":"3","author":"AP Kaushik","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaushik AP, Das A, Cui Q. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head: an update in year 2012. World J Orthop. 2012;3(5):49\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5312\/wjo.v3.i5.49.","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"key":"8243_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000229342.96103.73","volume":"454","author":"WS Song","year":"2007","unstructured":"Song WS, Yoo JJ, Kim YM, Kim HJ. Results of multiple drilling compared with those of conventional methods of core decompression. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007;454:139\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.blo.0000229342.96103.73.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"8243_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.J.01215","volume":"93","author":"YC Ha","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ha YC, Kim HJ, Kim SY, Kim KC, Lee YK, Koo KH. Effects of age and body mass index on the results of transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy for femoral head osteonecrosis: surgical technique. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2011;93(Suppl 1):75\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.J.01215.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"8243_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.26574\/maedica.2022.17.4.948","volume":"17","author":"P Karampinas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karampinas P, Galanis A, Papagrigorakis E, et al. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head Optimizing the early-stage joint-preserving surgical treatment? Maedica (Bucur). 2022;17(4):948\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26574\/maedica.2022.17.4.948.","journal-title":"Maedica (Bucur)."},{"issue":"4","key":"8243_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.103b4.Bjj-2020-1107.R1","volume":"103-b","author":"Y Osawa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Osawa Y, Seki T, Okura T, Takegami Y, Ishiguro N, Hasegawa Y. Long-term outcomes of curved intertrochanteric varus osteotomy combined with bone impaction grafting for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Bone Joint J. 2021;103-b(4):665\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.103b4.Bjj-2020-1107.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J."},{"issue":"6","key":"8243_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2021.01.075","volume":"36","author":"K Boontanapibul","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boontanapibul K, Huddleston JI 3rd, Amanatullah DF, Maloney WJ, Goodman SB. Modified kerboul angle predicts outcome of core decompression with or without additional cell therapy. J Arthroplasty. 2021;36(6):1879\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2021.01.075.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"7","key":"8243_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3918-7","volume":"42","author":"L Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu L, Gao F, Sun W, et al. Investigating clinical failure of core decompression with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells grafting for the treatment of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Int Orthop. 2018;42(7):1575\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-3918-7.","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"8243_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199603000-00020","volume":"324","author":"MA Mont","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mont MA, Carbone JJ, Fairbank AC. Core decompression versus nonoperative management for osteonecrosis of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996;324:169\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199603000-00020.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"8243_CR23","first-page":"140","volume":"268","author":"BN Stulberg","year":"1991","unstructured":"Stulberg BN, Davis AW, Bauer TW, Levine M, Easley K. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head. A prospective randomized treatment protocol. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991;268:140\u201351.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-016-0431-2","volume":"101","author":"SP Mohanty","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mohanty SP, Singh KA, Kundangar R, Shankar V. Management of non-traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head-a comparative analysis of the outcome of multiple small diameter drilling and core decompression with fibular grafting. Musculoskelet Surg. 2017;101(1):59\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12306-016-0431-2.","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"key":"8243_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2020.104263","volume":"115","author":"SA Hockett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hockett SA, Sherrill JT, Self M, Mears SC, Barnes CL, Mannen EM. Augmentation of core decompression with synthetic bone graft does not improve mechanical properties of the proximal femur. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2021;115:104263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2020.104263.","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-07536-5","volume":"25","author":"S Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li S, Huang C, Wang W, et al. Subtrochanteric fracture after core decompression for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a case report and literature review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024;25(1):420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-024-07536-5.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"8243_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3667891","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3667891","volume":"2022","author":"D Yuan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yuan D, Wu Z, Luo S, Zou Q, Zou Z, Ye C. Impact of femoral neck cortical bone defect induced by core decompression on postoperative stability: a finite element analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022:3667891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/3667891.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"8243_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995816","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.995816","volume":"11","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang J, Xu P, Zhou L. Comparison of current treatment strategy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head from the perspective of cell therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023;11:995816. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2023.995816.","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03635-1","volume":"15","author":"X Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang X, Hu L, Wei B, Wang J, Hou D, Deng X. Regenerative therapies for femoral head necrosis in the past two decades: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024;15(1):21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-024-03635-1.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"8243_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.06.016","volume":"69","author":"Z Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang Z, Sun QM, Zhang FQ, Zhang QL, Wang LG, Wang WJ. Core decompression combined with autologous bone marrow stem cells versus core decompression alone for patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2019;69:23\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.06.016.","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"8243_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-022-07153-6","volume":"31","author":"C Cavallo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cavallo C, Boffa A, de Girolamo L, et al. Bone marrow aspirate concentrate quality is affected by age and harvest site. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2023;31(6):2140\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-022-07153-6.","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"15","key":"8243_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.21.01112","volume":"104","author":"CA Su","year":"2022","unstructured":"Su CA, Jildeh TR, Vopat ML, et al. Current state of platelet-rich plasma and cell-based therapies for the treatment of osteoarthritis and tendon and ligament injuries. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2022;104(15):1406\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.21.01112.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"8243_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-023-03570-6","volume":"33","author":"C Desouza","year":"2023","unstructured":"Desouza C, Dubey R, Shetty V. Platelet-rich plasma in chronic Achilles tendinopathy. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2023;33(8):3255\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-023-03570-6.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"8243_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.5435\/jaaos-d-22-00808","volume":"31","author":"SA Rodeo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rodeo SA. Orthobiologics: current status in 2023 and future outlook. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2023;31(12):604\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/jaaos-d-22-00808.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.06.142","volume":"361","author":"A Tomoyasu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tomoyasu A, Higashio K, Kanomata K, et al. Platelet-rich plasma stimulates osteoblastic differentiation in the presence of BMPs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007;361(1):62\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.06.142.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"8243_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2018.10.2.240","volume":"10","author":"KC Noh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Noh KC, Liu XN, Zhuan Z, et al. Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma-derived growth factors enhance human fibroblast proliferation in vitro. Clin Orthop Surg. 2018;10(2):240\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4055\/cios.2018.10.2.240.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1626740","volume":"6","author":"R D'Ambrosi","year":"2018","unstructured":"D\u2019Ambrosi R, Biancardi E, Massari G, Ragone V, Facchini RM. Survival analysis after core decompression in association with platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells, and synthetic bone graft in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Joints. 2018;6(1):16\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0038-1626740.","journal-title":"Joints"},{"issue":"2","key":"8243_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1587-9","volume":"20","author":"J Guadilla","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guadilla J, Fiz N, Andia I, S\u00e1nchez M. Arthroscopic management and platelet-rich plasma therapy for avascular necrosis of the hip. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20(2):393\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-011-1587-9.","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"8243_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999.0000000000000033","volume":"476","author":"MT Houdek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Houdek MT, Wyles CC, Collins MS, et al. Stem cells combined with platelet-rich plasma effectively treat corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis of the hip: a prospective study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2018;476(2):388\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999.0000000000000033.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"8243_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2012.07.009","volume":"4","author":"V Ibrahim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ibrahim V, Dowling H. Platelet-rich plasma as a nonsurgical treatment option for osteonecrosis. Pm r. 2012;4(12):1015\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmrj.2012.07.009.","journal-title":"Pm r"},{"issue":"6","key":"8243_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060514546940","volume":"42","author":"J Pak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pak J, Lee JH, Jeon JH, Lee SH. Complete resolution of avascular necrosis of the human femoral head treated with adipose tissue-derived stem cells and platelet-rich plasma. J Int Med Res. 2014;42(6):1353\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0300060514546940.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"8243_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.185590","volume":"50","author":"AM Samy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Samy AM. Management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a novel technique. Indian J Orthop. 2016;50(4):359\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5413.185590.","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.07.010","volume":"36","author":"AK Aggarwal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aggarwal AK, Poornalingam K, Jain A, Prakash M. Combining platelet-rich plasma instillation with core decompression improves functional outcome and delays progression in early-stage avascular necrosis of femoral head: a 45- to 6-year prospective randomized comparative study. J Arthroplasty. 2021;36(1):54\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2020.07.010.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty."},{"key":"8243_CR44","first-page":"247","volume":"29","author":"PJ Brown","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brown PJ, Mannava S, Seyler TM, et al. Multiple small diameter drillings increase femoral neck stability compared with single large diameter femoral head core decompression technique for avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Surg Technol Int. 2016;29:247\u201354.","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"key":"8243_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.07.005","volume":"48","author":"M Cilla","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cilla M, Checa S, Preininger B, et al. Femoral head necrosis: a finite element analysis of common and novel surgical techniques. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2017;48:49\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.07.005.","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01786-4","volume":"15","author":"Y Tan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tan Y, He H, Wan Z, et al. Study on the outcome of patients with aseptic femoral head necrosis treated with percutaneous multiple small-diameter drilling core decompression: a retrospective cohort study based on magnetic resonance imaging and equivalent sphere model analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020;15(1):264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-020-01786-4.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"8243_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2022.02.009","volume":"37","author":"KH Koo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koo KH, Mont MA, Cui Q, et al. The 2021 association research circulation osseous classification for early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head to computed tomography-based study. J Arthroplasty. 2022;37(6):1074\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2022.02.009.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"8243_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118322","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1118322","volume":"14","author":"S Niu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Niu S, Wu Q, Ding S, Wu L, Wang L, Shi Y. Comparison of three measures for insomnia in ischemic stroke patients: Pittsburgh sleep quality index, insomnia severity index, and Athens insomnia scale. Front Neurol. 2023;14:1118322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1118322.","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8243_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.19.4.369","volume":"19","author":"DF Gr\u00f6s","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gr\u00f6s DF, Antony MM, Simms LJ, McCabe RE. Psychometric properties of the State-Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA): comparison to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Psychol Assess. 2007;19(4):369\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1040-3590.19.4.369.","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"issue":"10","key":"8243_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000000913","volume":"31","author":"EB Gausden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gausden EB, Qudsi R, Boone MD, O\u2019Gara B, Ruzbarsky JJ, Lorich DG. Tranexamic acid in orthopaedic trauma surgery: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Trauma. 2017;31(10):513\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bot.0000000000000913.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma."},{"key":"8243_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charnley J, Charnley JJLfaotht, practice. Numerical grading of clinical results. 1979:20\u201324.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-67013-8_4"},{"issue":"5","key":"8243_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1097\/01.Mlr.0000062554.74615.4c","volume":"41","author":"GR Norman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Norman GR, Sloan JA, Wyrwich KW. Interpretation of changes in health-related quality of life: the remarkable universality of half a standard deviation. Med Care. 2003;41(5):582\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.Mlr.0000062554.74615.4c.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"8243_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.04.034","volume":"35","author":"MGH Yeo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yeo MGH, Goh GS, Chen JY, Lo NN, Yeo SJ, Liow MHL. Are Oxford hip score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index useful predictors of clinical meaningful improvement and satisfaction after total hip arthroplasty? J Arthroplasty. 2020;35(9):2458\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2020.04.034.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"8243_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.20.00527","volume":"104","author":"P Hoogervorst","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoogervorst P, Campbell JC, Scholz N, Cheng EY. Core decompression and bone marrow aspiration concentrate grafting for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2022;104(Suppl 2):54\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.20.00527.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"8243_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.107.Bjr-2020-0418.R1","volume":"10","author":"S Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu S, Zhang X, Chen X, Wang Y, Li S, Qian W. Comparison of cell therapy and other novel adjunctive therapies combined with core decompression for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head\u202f: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 studies. Bone Joint Res. 2021;10(7):445\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2046-3758.107.Bjr-2020-0418.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05149-4","volume":"23","author":"J Yue","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yue J, Guo X, Wang R, et al. Preliminary report of the outcomes and indications of single approach, double-channel core decompression with structural bone support and bone grafting for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23(1):198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-022-05149-4.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"8243_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199505000-00003","volume":"77","author":"SW Smith","year":"1995","unstructured":"Smith SW, Fehring TK, Griffin WL, Beaver WB. Core decompression of the osteonecrotic femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1995;77(5):674\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-199505000-00003.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"8243_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000150128.57777.8e","volume":"429","author":"MA Mont","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mont MA, Ragland PS, Etienne G. Core decompression of the femoral head for osteonecrosis using percutaneous multiple small-diameter drilling. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004;429:131\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.blo.0000150128.57777.8e.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"8243_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3977-9","volume":"42","author":"BH Yoon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yoon BH, Lee YK, Kim KC, Ha YC, Koo KH. No differences in the efficacy among various core decompression modalities and non-operative treatment: a network meta-analysis. Int Orthop. 2018;42(12):2737\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-3977-9.","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldw010","volume":"118","author":"F Sadile","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sadile F, Bernasconi A, Russo S, Maffulli N. Core decompression versus other joint preserving treatments for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a meta-analysis. Br Med Bull. 2016;118(1):33\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bmb\/ldw010.","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04025-8","volume":"18","author":"M Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li M, Chen D, Ma Y, Zheng M, Zheng Q. Stem cell therapy combined with core decompression versus core decompression alone in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023;18(1):560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-023-04025-8.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8243_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.12.049","volume":"32","author":"NS Piuzzi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Piuzzi NS, Chahla J, Schrock JB, et al. Evidence for the use of cell-based therapy for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a systematic review of the literature. J Arthroplasty. 2017;32(5):1698\u2013708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2016.12.049.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"8243_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.2147\/jir.S281941","volume":"13","author":"SB Goodman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goodman SB, Maruyama M. Inflammation, bone healing and osteonecrosis: from bedside to bench. J Inflamm Res. 2020;13:913\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/jir.S281941.","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"8243_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kalluri R, LeBleu VS. The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes. Science. 2020;367(6478). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aau6977.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau6977"},{"issue":"6","key":"8243_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2928","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.69533","volume":"12","author":"L Xia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xia L, Zhang C, Lv N, et al. AdMSC-derived exosomes alleviate acute lung injury via transferring mitochondrial component to improve homeostasis of alveolar macrophages. Theranostics. 2022;12(6):2928\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.69533.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"8243_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2021.155560","volume":"144","author":"RG Dos Santos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dos Santos RG, Santos GS, Alkass N, et al. The regenerative mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma: A review. Cytokine. 2021;144:155560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cyto.2021.155560.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"8243_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2642439","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2642439","volume":"2020","author":"J Han","year":"2020","unstructured":"Han J, Gao F, Li Y, et al. The use of platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:2642439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/2642439.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"20","key":"8243_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.19415","volume":"326","author":"KL Bennell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bennell KL, Paterson KL, Metcalf BR, et al. Effect of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma vs placebo injection on pain and medial tibial cartilage volume in patients with knee osteoarthritis: The RESTORE randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021;326(20):2021\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2021.19415.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"8243_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111711","volume":"139","author":"Z Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang Z, Wang Q, Zhang T, Fu Y, Wang W. Hyper-activated platelet lysates prevent glucocorticoid-associated femoral head necrosis by regulating autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021;139:111711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111711.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"3","key":"8243_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2018.10.125","volume":"35","author":"MP Fice","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fice MP, Miller JC, Christian R, et al. The role of platelet-rich plasma in cartilage pathology: an updated systematic review of the basic science evidence. Arthroscopy. 2019;35(3):961-976.e963. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2018.10.125.","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"8243_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.08.014","volume":"29","author":"P Ruiz-Moneo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ruiz-Moneo P, Molano-Mu\u00f1oz J, Prieto E, Algorta J. Plasma rich in growth factors in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Arthroscopy. 2013;29(1):2\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.08.014.","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"12","key":"8243_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2021.08.005","volume":"36","author":"Y Osawa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Osawa Y, Seki T, Takegami Y, Makida K, Ochiai S, Imagama S. Collapse progression or cessation affects the natural history of contralateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Arthroplasty. 2021;36(12):3839\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2021.08.005.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"8243_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-018-9527-7","volume":"11","author":"ADK Le","year":"2018","unstructured":"Le ADK, Enweze L, DeBaun MR, Dragoo JL. Current clinical recommendations for use of platelet-rich plasma. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2018;11(4):624\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12178-018-9527-7.","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"8243_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.16.01374","volume":"99","author":"J Chahla","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chahla J, Cinque ME, Piuzzi NS, et al. A call for standardization in platelet-rich plasma preparation protocols and composition reporting: a systematic review of the clinical orthopaedic literature. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2017;99(20):1769\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.16.01374.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-024-08243-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12891-024-08243-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12891-024-08243-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T02:10:06Z","timestamp":1735870206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12891-024-08243-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-024-08243-x","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5339366\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Biomedical Research of West China Hospital (Approval 2024\u2013348) and designed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, which waived the need for written informed consent because patients or their legal guardians, at the time of admission, signed written consent for patients\u2019 anonymized data to be analyzed and published for research purposes.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent of publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9"}}