{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T03:16:02Z","timestamp":1788146162877,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":74,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Musculoskelet Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgical stabilization for femoral bone metastases is commonly performed to prevent or treat pathological fractures; however, local tumor progression may result in implant failure and reoperation. Cement gun\u2013assisted intramedullary nailing (CG-IMN) allows extensive polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) filling within the medullary canal, providing enhanced mechanical stability and facilitating early weight-bearing. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of CG-IMN for femoral bone metastases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 11 consecutive patients who underwent CG-IMN for femoral bone metastases at our institution between January 2008 and March 2025. Clinical data included patient demographics, primary tumor histology, presence of pathological fracture, revised Katagiri score, performance status (PS), lesion location, operative data, complications, reoperation rate, and ambulatory status at 1 month after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age was 72.5 years. Seven patients had impending fractures and four had pathological fractures. The mean revised Katagiri score was 5.3. PS improved significantly from 3.5 preoperatively to 1.4 postoperatively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Lesions involved the proximal femur (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093), diaphysis (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095), or both (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093). Mean blood loss was 319 mL and operative time was 191\u00a0min. At 1 month, 9 of 11 patients (81.8%) were ambulatory. One patient (9.1%) required reoperation due to implant breakage after a fall. The 1-year implant survival rate was 90%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CG-IMN provides stable fixation and functional improvement and may represent a useful surgical option, although further studies are required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-026-10109-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T09:31:56Z","timestamp":1781775116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes of cement gun\u2013assisted intramedullary nailing for femoral bone metastases: a retrospective case series"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2961-9432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sei","family":"Morinaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuhiro","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Miwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Higuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Yonezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Asano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Demura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"10109_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2020.03.55","volume":"8","author":"J-F Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang J-F, Shen J, Li X, Rengan R, Silvestris N, Wang M, et al. 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The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study. All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"739"}}