{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T00:27:39Z","timestamp":1781915259613,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594252800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a common and frustrating complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Studies suggest that surgical methods and other clinical characteristics may affect the occurrence of DGE. Nevertheless, the results of such studies are conflicting. The objective of this work was to perform a propensity score matching analysis to compare the differences between pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) and pylorus-removing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PrPD) and to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the probability of severe DGE (SDGE).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study enrolled patients who underwent PD at our institution from December 2009 to December 2018. Propensity score matching was applied at a ratio of 1:1 to compare PPPD and PrPD groups. We compared incidence of complications, DGE, lengths of hospital stay, hospitalization costs, and mortality. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify potential risk factors of severe DGE. Finally, a nomogram was developed and validated to predict severe DGE.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The PPPD group had a significantly higher rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula (29.9% versus 17.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and less blood loss (463.7\u2009ml versus 694.9\u2009ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). After propensity score matching, the PPPD group had a significantly higher rate of postoperative DGE (19.2% versus 3.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), especially severe DGE (17.3% versus 0%) than the PrPD group. There were no significant differences in terms of lengths of hospital stay, hospitalization costs or mortality between the groups. Surgical method, biliary leakage, abdominal infection, and diabetes were independent risk factors for SDGE. The nomogram predicted SDGE with a training C - index of 0.798 and a validation C - index of 0.721.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PPPD increases the risk of DGE than PrPD, especially SDGE. Our prediction nomogram gives good prediction of SDGE after pancreaticoduodenectomy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-020-00809-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T07:38:21Z","timestamp":1594280301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Delayed gastric emptying after Pancreaticoduodenectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis and clinical Nomogram study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Xianlei","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaozun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9242-0982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiming","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"809_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31820d98f1","volume":"253","author":"M Kawai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kawai M, Tani M, Hirono S, Miyazawa M, Shimizu A, Uchiyama K, Yamaue H. Pylorus ring resection reduces delayed gastric emptying in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial of pylorus-resecting versus pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. Ann Surg. 2011;253(3):495\u2013501.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"809_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.23566","volume":"109","author":"I Matsumoto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matsumoto I, Shinzeki M, Asari S, Goto T, Shirakawa S, Ajiki T, Fukumoto T, Suzuki Y, Ku Y. A prospective randomized comparison between pylorus- and subtotal stomach-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy on postoperative delayed gastric emptying occurrence and long-term nutritional status. J Surg Oncol. 2014;109(7):690\u20136.","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"809_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000326947","volume":"47","author":"M Post","year":"2011","unstructured":"Post M, Wrzesinski M, Klek R, Lubikowski J, Wojcicki M. Pancreatoduodenectomy with subtotal stomach-preserving and uncut roux reconstruction. Eur Surg Res. 2011;47(1):1\u20134.","journal-title":"Eur Surg Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"809_CR4","first-page":"959","volume":"146","author":"LW Traverso","year":"1978","unstructured":"Traverso LW, Longmire WP Jr. Preservation of the pylorus in pancreaticoduodenectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1978;146(6):959\u201362.","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"3","key":"809_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200003000-00001","volume":"231","author":"RE Jimenez","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jimenez RE, Fernandez-del Castillo C, Rattner DW, Chang Y, Warshaw AL. Outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy with pylorus preservation or with antrectomy in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis. Ann Surg. 2000;231(3):293\u2013300.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"809_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198009000-00005","volume":"192","author":"LW Traverso","year":"1980","unstructured":"Traverso LW, Longmire WP Jr. Preservation of the pylorus in pancreaticoduodenectomy a follow-up evaluation. Ann Surg. 1980;192(3):306\u201310.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"809_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181a63c4c","volume":"249","author":"E Akizuki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Akizuki E, Kimura Y, Nobuoka T, Imamura M, Nagayama M, Sonoda T, Hirata K. Reconsideration of postoperative oral intake tolerance after pancreaticoduodenectomy: prospective consecutive analysis of delayed gastric emptying according to the ISGPS definition and the amount of dietary intake. Ann Surg. 2009;249(6):986\u201394.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"809_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2015.12.053","volume":"202","author":"MM Hanna","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hanna MM, Gadde R, Allen CJ, Meizoso JP, Sleeman D, Livingstone AS, Merchant N, Yakoub D. Delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy. J Surg Res. 2016;202(2):380\u20138.","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"809_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3497","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003497","volume":"95","author":"J Xiong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xiong J, Szatmary P, Huang W, de la Iglesia-Garcia D, Nunes QM, Xia Q, Hu W, Sutton R, Liu X, Raraty MG. Enhanced recovery after surgery program in patients undergoing Pancreaticoduodenectomy: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. 2016;95(18):e3497.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"809_CR10","first-page":"198","volume":"15","author":"E Zouros","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zouros E, Liakakos T, Machairas A, Patapis P, Agalianos C, Dervenis C. Improvement of gastric emptying by enhanced recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy. HBPD Int. 2016;15(2):198\u2013208.","journal-title":"HBPD Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"809_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e108380","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108380","volume":"9","author":"W Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu W, Hong X, Fu L, Liu S, You L, Zhou L, Zhao Y. The effect of pylorus removal on delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a meta-analysis of 2,599 patients. PLoS One. 2014;9(10):e108380.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"809_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e90316","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090316","volume":"9","author":"C Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang C, Wu HS, Chen XL, Wang CY, Gou SM, Xiao J, He ZQ, Chen QJ, Li YF. Pylorus-preserving versus pylorus-resecting pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary and pancreatic carcinoma: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9(3):e90316.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"809_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-011-0067-6","volume":"63","author":"SY Peng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Peng SY, Wang JW, Hong DF, Liu YB, Wang YF. Binding pancreaticoenteric anastomosis: from binding pancreaticojejunostomy to binding pancreaticogastrostomy. Updat Surg. 2011;63(2):69\u201374.","journal-title":"Updat Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2007.05.005","volume":"142","author":"MN Wente","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wente MN, Bassi C, Dervenis C, Fingerhut A, Gouma DJ, Izbicki JR, Neoptolemos JP, Padbury RT, Sarr MG, Traverso LW, et al. Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) after pancreatic surgery: a suggested definition by the international study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS). Surgery. 2007;142(5):761\u20138.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"809_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2005.05.001","volume":"138","author":"C Bassi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bassi C, Dervenis C, Butturini G, Fingerhut A, Yeo C, Izbicki J, Neoptolemos J, Sarr M, Traverso W, Buchler M. Postoperative pancreatic fistula: an international study group (ISGPF) definition. Surgery. 2005;138(1):8\u201313.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"809_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2007.02.001","volume":"142","author":"MN Wente","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wente MN, Veit JA, Bassi C, Dervenis C, Fingerhut A, Gouma DJ, Izbicki JR, Neoptolemos JP, Padbury RT, Sarr MG, et al. Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH): an international study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definition. Surgery. 2007;142(1):20\u20135.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2010.12.002","volume":"149","author":"M K, OJ G, R P, NN R, R A, L C, ST F, Y Y, M C, M M","year":"2011","unstructured":"M K, OJ G, R P, NN R, R A, L C, ST F, Y Y, M C, M M, et al. Bile leakage after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery: a definition and grading of severity by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery. Surgery. 2011;149(5):680\u20138.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"19","key":"809_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19981015)17:19<2265::AID-SIM918>3.0.CO;2-B","volume":"17","author":"RB D'Agostino Jr","year":"1998","unstructured":"D'Agostino RB Jr. Propensity score methods for bias reduction in the comparison of a treatment to a non-randomized control group. Stat Med. 1998;17(19):2265\u201381.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"809_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2012.10.014","volume":"216","author":"O Jeong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jeong O, Jung MR, Kim GY, Kim HS, Ryu SY, Park YK. Comparison of short-term surgical outcomes between laparoscopic and open total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma: case-control study using propensity score matching method. J Am Coll Surg. 2013;216(2):184\u201391.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"809_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PC A: An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivar Behav Res 2011, 46(3):399\u2013424.","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786"},{"key":"809_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"PC A: Some methods of propensity-score matching had superior performance to others: results of an empirical investigation and Monte Carlo simulations. Biom J 2009, 51(1):171\u2013184.","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.200810488"},{"issue":"undefined","key":"809_CR22","first-page":"646","volume":"9","author":"X Z, X G, M Z","year":"2019","unstructured":"X Z, X G, M Z. Nomograms Predict Survival Advantages of Gleason Score 3+4 Over 4+3 for Prostate Cancer: A SEER-Based Study. Front Oncol. 2019;9(undefined):646.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"809_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2009.10.034","volume":"147","author":"Y Hashimoto","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hashimoto Y, Traverso LW. Incidence of pancreatic anastomotic failure and delayed gastric emptying after pancreatoduodenectomy in 507 consecutive patients: use of a web-based calculator to improve homogeneity of definition. Surgery. 2010;147(4):503\u201315.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"809_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.349","volume":"23","author":"HK Hwang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hwang HK, Lee SH, Han DH, Choi SH, Kang CM, Lee WJ. Impact of Braun anastomosis on reducing delayed gastric emptying following pancreaticoduodenectomy: a prospective, randomized controlled trial. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2016;23(6):364\u201372.","journal-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4881","volume":"92","author":"CA Seiler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Seiler CA, Wagner M, Bachmann T, Redaelli CA, Schmied B, Uhl W, Friess H, Buchler MW. Randomized clinical trial of pylorus-preserving duodenopancreatectomy versus classical Whipple resection-long term results. Br J Surg. 2005;92(5):547\u201356.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000143248.71964.29","volume":"240","author":"KT Tran","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tran KT, Smeenk HG, van Eijck CH, Kazemier G, Hop WC, Greve JW, Terpstra OT, Zijlstra JA, Klinkert P, Jeekel H. Pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy versus standard Whipple procedure: a prospective, randomized, multicenter analysis of 170 patients with pancreatic and periampullary tumors. Ann Surg. 2004;240(5):738\u201345.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"809_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-011-1901-2","volume":"19","author":"T Fujii","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fujii T, Kanda M, Kodera Y, Nagai S, Sahin TT, Hayashi M, Kanzaki A, Yamada S, Sugimoto H, Nomoto S, et al. Preservation of the pyloric ring has little value in surgery for pancreatic head cancer: a comparative study comparing three surgical procedures. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(1):176\u201383.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"125","key":"809_CR28","first-page":"1182","volume":"60","author":"A Nanashima","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nanashima A, Abo T, Sumida Y, Tobinaga S, Nonaka T, Takeshita H, Hidaka S, Sawai T, Yasutake T, Nagayasu T. Comparison of results between pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy and subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy: report at a single cancer institute. Hepato-gastroenterology. 2013;60(125):1182\u20138.","journal-title":"Hepato-gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200111000-00013","volume":"234","author":"S Ohwada","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ohwada S, Satoh Y, Kawate S, Yamada T, Kawamura O, Koyama T, Yoshimura S, Tomizawa N, Ogawa T, Morishita Y. Low-dose erythromycin reduces delayed gastric emptying and improves gastric motility after Billroth I pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Ann Surg. 2001;234(5):668\u201374.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2009.05.012","volume":"146","author":"JS Park","year":"2009","unstructured":"Park JS, Hwang HK, Kim JK, Cho SI, Yoon DS, Lee WJ, Chi HS. Clinical validation and risk factors for delayed gastric emptying based on the international study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) classification. Surgery. 2009;146(5):882\u20137.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"11","key":"809_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.11.1261","volume":"138","author":"JM Gauvin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gauvin JM, Sarmiento JM, Sarr MG. Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with complete preservation of the pyloroduodenal blood supply and innervation. Arch Surg (Chicago, Ill : 1960). 2003;138(11):1261\u20133.","journal-title":"Arch Surg (Chicago, Ill : 1960)"},{"issue":"3","key":"809_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1245\/ASO.2005.03.078","volume":"12","author":"DK Kim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim DK, Hindenburg AA, Sharma SK, Suk CH, Gress FG, Staszewski H, Grendell JH, Reed WP. Is pylorospasm a cause of delayed gastric emptying after pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy? Ann Surg Oncol. 2005;12(3):222\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"809_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01536411","volume":"35","author":"MP Hocking","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hocking MP, Harrison WD, Sninsky CA. Gastric dysrhythmias following pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Possible mechanism for early delayed gastric emptying. Dig Dis Sci. 1990;35(10):1226\u201330.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"809_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gassur.2006.05.012","volume":"10","author":"S Raty","year":"2006","unstructured":"Raty S, Sand J, Lantto E, Nordback I. Postoperative acute pancreatitis as a major determinant of postoperative delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2006;10(8):1131\u20139.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"809_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2011.08.002","volume":"171","author":"H Kurahara","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kurahara H, Shinchi H, Maemura K, Mataki Y, Iino S, Sakoda M, Ueno S, Takao S, Natsugoe S. Delayed gastric emptying after pancreatoduodenectomy. J Surg Res. 2011;171(2):e187\u201392.","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"809_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182a6f529","volume":"259","author":"WJ Eshuis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eshuis WJ, van Eijck CH, Gerhards MF, Coene PP, de Hingh IH, Karsten TM, Bonsing BA, Gerritsen JJ, Bosscha K, Spillenaar Bilgen EJ, et al. Antecolic versus retrocolic route of the gastroenteric anastomosis after pancreatoduodenectomy: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2014;259(1):45\u201351.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"809_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1111\/hpb.12153","volume":"16","author":"N Imamura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Imamura N, Chijiiwa K, Ohuchida J, Hiyoshi M, Nagano M, Otani K, Kondo K. Prospective randomized clinical trial of a change in gastric emptying and nutritional status after a pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy: comparison between an antecolic and a vertical retrocolic duodenojejunostomy. HPB. 2014;16(4):384\u201394.","journal-title":"HPB"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-016-3091-5","volume":"20","author":"O Barakat","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barakat O, Cagigas MN, Bozorgui S, Ozaki CF, Wood RP. Proximal roux-en-y Gastrojejunal anastomosis with pyloric ring resection improves gastric emptying after Pancreaticoduodenectomy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2016;20(5):914\u201323.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"809_CR39","first-page":"693","volume":"91","author":"C Srinarmwong","year":"2008","unstructured":"Srinarmwong C, Luechakiettisak P, Prasitvilai W. Standard whipple's operation versus pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy: a randomized controlled trial study. J Med Assoc Thail. 2008;91(5):693\u20138.","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thail"},{"issue":"65","key":"809_CR40","first-page":"1601","volume":"52","author":"PW Lin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lin PW, Shan YS, Lin YJ, Hung CJ. Pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic head cancer: PPPD versus Whipple procedure. Hepato-gastroenterology. 2005;52(65):1601\u20134.","journal-title":"Hepato-gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["BMC Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-020-00809-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12893-020-00809-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-020-00809-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T23:29:57Z","timestamp":1625786997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12893-020-00809-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["809"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-020-00809-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2482"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2482","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ningbo medical center Lihuili Hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"149"}}