{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:11:15Z","timestamp":1789521075186,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-024-02548-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T01:03:36Z","timestamp":1725930216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Assessing the impact of enhanced hygiene precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical site infection risk in abdominal surgeries"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Samer","family":"Ganam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Sher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rimi","family":"Assy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amitai","family":"Bickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonyo","family":"Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leiba","family":"Ronit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli","family":"Kakiashvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2548_CR1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Surgical site infection (SSI) event.  https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/pdfs\/pscmanual\/9pscssicurrent.pdf. Accessed 25 Sep 2023."},{"issue":"1","key":"2548_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.10.004","volume":"23","author":"DJ Anderson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Anderson DJ, Kaye KS. Staphylococcal surgical site infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2009;23(1):53\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idc.2008.10.004.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"2548_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2017.03.004","volume":"96","author":"JM Badia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Badia JM, Casey AL, Petrosillo N, Hudson PM, Mitchell SA, Crosby C. Impact of surgical site infection on healthcare costs and patient outcomes: a systematic review in six European countries. J Hosp Infect. 2017;96(1):1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2017.03.004.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"2548_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.24075","volume":"329","author":"JL Seidelman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Seidelman JL, Mantyh CR, Anderson DJ. Surgical site infection prevention: a review. JAMA. 2023;329(3):244\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2022.24075.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"2548_CR5","first-page":"457","volume":"110","author":"O Isik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Isik O, Kaya E, Dundar HZ, Sarkut P. Surgical site infection: re-assessment of the risk factors. Chirurgia (Bucur). 2015;110(5):457\u201361.","journal-title":"Chirurgia (Bucur)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2548_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1503\/cjs.004818","volume":"62","author":"A Alkaaki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alkaaki A, Al-Radi OO, Khoja A, et al. Surgical site infection following abdominal surgery: a prospective cohort study. Can J Surg. 2019;62(2):111\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/cjs.004818.","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2548_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.4473","volume":"314","author":"KMF Itani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Itani KMF. Care bundles and prevention of surgical site infection in colorectal surgery. JAMA. 2015;314(3):289\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2015.4473.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"2548_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.08.010","volume":"68","author":"P Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz P, Hortal J, Giannella M, et al. Nasal carriage of S. aureus increases the risk of surgical site infection after major heart surgery. J Hosp Infect. 2008;68(1):25\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.08.010.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"12","key":"2548_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2013.05.021","volume":"41","author":"L Kalra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kalra L, Camacho F, Whitener CJ, et al. Risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection in patients with nasal MRSA colonization. Am J Infect Control. 2013;41(12):1253\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2013.05.021.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"2548_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2021.01.003","volume":"52","author":"A Nachon-Acosta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nachon-Acosta A, Martinez-Mier G, Flores-Gamboa V, et al. Surgical outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic. Arch Med Res. 2021;52(4):434\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcmed.2021.01.003.","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"2548_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2020.421","volume":"22","author":"PS Barie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barie PS, Ho VP, Hunter CJ, et al. Surgical infection society guidance for restoration of surgical services during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2021;22(8):818\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2020.421.","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2548_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e215697","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.5697","volume":"4","author":"MR Haffner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haffner MR, Le HV, Saiz AM Jr, et al. Postoperative in-hospital morbidity and mortality of patients with COVID-19 infection compared with patients without COVID-19 nfection. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(4):e215697\u2013e215697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.5697.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"2548_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-023-07112-3","volume":"47","author":"LC McLoughlin","year":"2023","unstructured":"McLoughlin LC, Perlis N, Lajkosz K, et al. Surgical site infections during the pandemic: the impact of the \u201cCOVID bundle.\u201d World J Surg. 2023;47(10):2310\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-023-07112-3.","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"2548_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2023.06.015","volume":"51","author":"TA Plummer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Plummer TA, Zepeda JA, Reese SM. Addressing an increase in surgical site infections during the COVID-19 pandemic-Identifying opportunities during a chaotic time. Am J Infect Control. 2023;51(12):1309\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2023.06.015.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"2548_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijso.2023.100641","volume":"56","author":"J Atumanyire","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atumanyire J, Muhumuza J, Talemwa N, et al. Incidence and outcomes of surgical site infection following emergency laparotomy during the COVID-19 pandemic in a low resource setting: a retrospective cohort. Int J Surg Open. 2023;56:100641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijso.2023.100641.","journal-title":"Int J Surg Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"2548_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3421","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-021-01513-5","volume":"44","author":"T Chac\u00f3n-Quesada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chac\u00f3n-Quesada T, Rohde V, von der Brelie C. Less surgical site infections in neurosurgery during COVID-19 times\u2014one potential benefit of the pandemic? Neurosurg Rev. 2021;44(6):3421\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-021-01513-5.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"2548_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-3324","volume":"8","author":"Q Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou Q, Gao Y, Wang X, et al. Nosocomial infections among patients with COVID-19, SARS and MERS: a rapid review and meta-analysis. Ann Transl Med. 2020;8(10):629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/atm-20-3324.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2548_CR18","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Infection prevention and control during health care when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected. Interim Guidance. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/10665-331495. Accessed 8 Oct 2023."},{"issue":"8","key":"2548_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1673","volume":"60","author":"YR Ren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ren YR, Golding A, Sorbello A, Ji P, Chen J, Saluja B, Witzmann K, Arya V, Reynolds KS, Choi SY, Nikolov NP, Sahajwalla C. A comprehensive updated review on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;60(8):954\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcph.1673. Epub 2020 Jun 24. PMID: 32469437; PMCID: PMC7283834.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2548_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13810","volume":"19","author":"Z He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He Z, Dela Rosa R. Management of the wound care clinic during the novel coronavirus pneumonia pandemic period: sharing of management experience in a general hospital of China. Int Wound J. 2022;19(8):2071\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iwj.13810. Epub 2022 Mar 31. PMID: 35357081; PMCID: PMC9111621.","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"11","key":"2548_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.06.016","volume":"74","author":"AJ Baldwin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baldwin AJ, Jackowski A, Jamal A, et al. Risk of surgical site infection in hand trauma, and the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a cohort study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021;74(11):3080\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.06.016.","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2548_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00982-z","volume":"10","author":"I Unterfrauner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Unterfrauner I, Hruby LA, Jans P, Steinwender L, Farshad M, U\u00e7kay I. Impact of a total lockdown for pandemic SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) on deep surgical site infections and other complications after orthopedic surgery: a retrospective analysis. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2021;10(1):112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13756-021-00982-z.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"2548_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2022.09.022","volume":"51","author":"BB Smith","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smith BB, Bosch W, O\u2019Horo JC, et al. Surgical site infections during the COVID-19 era: a retrospective, multicenter analysis. Am J Infect Control. 2023;51(6):607\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2022.09.022.","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"2548_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2022.012","volume":"23","author":"T Humphrey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Humphrey T, Daniell H, Chen AF, Hollenbeck B, Talmo C, Fang CJ, Smith EL, Niu R, Melnic CM, Hosseinzadeh S, Bedair HS. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on rates of ninety-day peri-prosthetic joint and surgical site infections after primary total joint arthroplasty: a multicenter. Retrospective Study Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2022J;23(5):458\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2022.012. Epub 2022 May 20 PMID: 35594331.","journal-title":"Retrospective Study Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"2548_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2023.06.001","volume":"146","author":"T Mimura","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mimura T, Matsumoto G, Natori T, Ikegami S, Uehara M, Oba H, Hatakenaka T, Kamanaka T, Miyaoka Y, Kurogochi D, Fukuzawa T, Koseki M, Kanai S, Takahashi J. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of surgical site infection after orthopaedic surgery: an interrupted time series analysis of the nationwide surveillance database in Japan. J Hosp Infect. 2024;146:160\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2023.06.001. Epub 2023 Jun 9. PMID: 37301228; PMCID: PMC10250054.","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"2548_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.41","volume":"8","author":"I U\u00e7kay","year":"2010","unstructured":"U\u00e7kay I, Harbarth S, Peter R, Lew D, Hoffmeyer P, Pittet D. Preventing surgical site infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2010;8(6):657\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/eri.10.41. PMID: 20521894.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2548_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-020-00884-6","volume":"72","author":"P Losurdo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Losurdo P, Paiano L, Samardzic N, et al. Impact of lockdown for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on surgical site infection rates: a monocentric observational cohort study. Updates Surg. D 2020;72(4):1263\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13304-020-00884-6.","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2548_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1177\/0218492320977633","volume":"29","author":"A Hussain","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hussain A, Ike DI, Durand-Hill M, Ibrahim S, Roberts N. Sternal wound infections during the COVID-19 pandemic: an unexpected benefit. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2021;29(5):376\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0218492320977633.","journal-title":"Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann"},{"key":"2548_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2022.09.065","volume":"89","author":"M D'Oria","year":"2023","unstructured":"D\u2019Oria M, Veraldi GF, Mastrorilli D, et al. Association between the lockdown for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and reduced surgical site infections after vascular exposure in the groin at two Italian academic hospitals. Ann Vasc Surg. 2023;89:60\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avsg.2022.09.065.","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"}],"container-title":["BMC Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-024-02548-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12893-024-02548-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-024-02548-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T13:02:41Z","timestamp":1725973361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12893-024-02548-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-024-02548-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2482"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2482","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study and all relevant methods were approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Helsinki) of the Galilee Medical Center, 0092\u201320-NHR. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee (Helsinki).Helsinki has granted us permission to access the patients\u2019 data, subject to their approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"253"}}