{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T10:40:59Z","timestamp":1774521659636,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-025-03167-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T13:11:19Z","timestamp":1760706679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the effectiveness of thoracoscopic intervention for pulmonary abscess: is lobectomy the optimal solution after medical therapy fails?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Po-Keng","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shun-Mao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Hung","family":"How","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao-Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ka-I","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jei-Kuo","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"San-Fang","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"3167_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1155\/2006\/760390","volume":"13","author":"BA Reimel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Reimel BA, Krishnadasen B, Cuschieri J, Klein MB, Gross J, Karmy-Jones R. Surgical management of acute necrotizing lung infections. Can Respir J. 2006;13:369\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2006\/760390.","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"3167_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.21037\/jovs.2018.10.14","volume":"4","author":"JH Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang JH, Yang SM, How CH, Ciou YF. Surgical management of lung abscess: from open drainage to pulmonary resection. J Vis Surg. 2018;4:224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/jovs.2018.10.14.","journal-title":"J Vis Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.07.08","volume":"3","author":"I Kuhajda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuhajda I, Zarogoulidis K, Tsirgogianni K, Tsavlis D, Kioumis I, Kosmidis C, et al. Lung abscess-etiology, diagnostic and treatment options. Ann Transl Med. 2015;3:183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3978\/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.07.08.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"3167_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1155\/2000\/174703","volume":"7","author":"B Krishnadasan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krishnadasan B, Sherbin VL, Valli\u00e8res E, Karmy-Jones R. Surgical management of lung gangrene. Can Respir J. 2000;7:401\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2000\/174703.","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"3167_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2007.10.007","volume":"17","author":"PS Puligandla","year":"2008","unstructured":"Puligandla PS, Laberge JM. Respiratory infections: pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2008;17:42\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2007.10.007.","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.09.035","volume":"92","author":"M Schweigert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schweigert M, Dubecz A, Stadlhuber RJ, Stein HJ, Neuhof H. Modern history of surgical management of lung abscess: from Harold Neuhof to current concepts. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011;92:2293\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.09.035.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM192504231921701","volume":"192","author":"FT Lord","year":"1925","unstructured":"Lord FT. Certain aspects of pulmonary abscess, from analysis of 227 cases. Boston Med Surg J. 1925;192:785\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM192504231921701.","journal-title":"Boston Med Surg J"},{"key":"3167_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-194310000-00014","volume":"118","author":"H Neuhof","year":"1943","unstructured":"Neuhof H, Hurwitt E. Acute putrid abscess of the lung: VII. relationship of the technic of the one-stage operation to results. Ann Surg. 1943;118:656\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000658-194310000-00014.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-5588(20)31860-2","volume":"17","author":"RR Shaw","year":"1948","unstructured":"Shaw RR, Paulson DL. Pulmonary resection for chronic abscess of the lung. J Thorac Surg. 1948;17:514\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0096-5588(20)31860-2.","journal-title":"J Thorac Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-195006000-00019","volume":"131","author":"RT Myers","year":"1950","unstructured":"Myers RT, Bradshaw HH. Conservative resection of chronic lung abscess. Ann Surg. 1950;131:985\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000658-195006000-00019.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.25.1.40","volume":"25","author":"DH Waterman","year":"1954","unstructured":"Waterman DH, Domm SE. Changing trends in the treatment of lung abscess. Dis Chest. 1954;25:40\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.25.1.40.","journal-title":"Dis Chest"},{"key":"3167_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1159\/000327684","volume":"47","author":"YF Tsai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tsai YF, Tsai YT, Ku YH. Surgical treatment of 26 patients with necrotizing pneumonia. Eur Surg Res. 2011;47:13\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000327684.","journal-title":"Eur Surg Res"},{"key":"3167_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.01.012","volume":"93","author":"JD Mitchell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mitchell JD, Yu JA, Bishop A, Weyant MJ, Pomerantz M. Thoracoscopic lobectomy and segmentectomy for infectious lung disease. Ann Thorac Surg. 2012;93:1033\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.01.012. discussion 1039\u201340.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.3.746","volume":"115","author":"B Hirshberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hirshberg B, Sklair-Levi M, Nir-Paz R, Ben-Sira L, Krivoruk V, Kramer MR. Factors predicting mortality of patients with lung abscess. Chest. 1999;115:746\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.115.3.746.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"3167_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(85)90016-9","volume":"150","author":"EC Pohlson","year":"1985","unstructured":"Pohlson EC, McNamara JJ, Char C, Kurata L. Lung abscess: a changing pattern of the disease. Am J Surg. 1985;150:97\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9610(85)90016-9.","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/1817-1737.91552","volume":"7","author":"SO Wali","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wali SO. An update on the drainage of pyogenic lung abscesses. Ann Thorac Med. 2012;7:3\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1817-1737.91552.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Med"},{"key":"3167_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199810000-00012","volume":"91","author":"CA Curry","year":"1998","unstructured":"Curry CA, Fishman EK, Buckley JA. Pulmonary gangrene: radiological and pathologic correlation. South Med J. 1998;91:957\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007611-199810000-00012.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"3167_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050547","volume":"29","author":"FA Hoffer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hoffer FA, Bloom DA, Colin AA, Fishman SJ. Lung abscess versus necrotizing pneumonia: implications for interventional therapy. Pediatr Radiol. 1999;29:87\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002470050547.","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3167_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2019\/e700","volume":"74","author":"XD Cai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cai XD, Yang Y, Li J, Liao X, Qiu S, Xu J, et al. Logistic regression analysis of clinical and computed tomography features of pulmonary abscesses and risk factors for pulmonary abscess-related empyema. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2019;74: e700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6061\/clinics\/2019\/e700.","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3167_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010651.pub2","volume":"2017","author":"MD Redden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Redden MD, Chin TY, van Driel ML. Surgical versus non-surgical management for pleural empyema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;(3): CD010651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD010651.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"3167_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202108-964OC","volume":"19","author":"CL Wilshire","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wilshire CL, Jackson AS, Meggyesy AM, Buehler KE, Chang SC, Horslen LC, et al. Comparing initial surgery versus fibrinolytics for pleural space infections: a retrospective multicenter cohort study. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022;19:1827\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202108-964OC.","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"3167_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8090-5-88","volume":"5","author":"HC Huang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Huang HC, Chen HC, Fang HY, Lin YC, Wu CY, Cheng CY. Lung abscess predicts the surgical outcome in patients with pleural empyema. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010;5:88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1749-8090-5-88.","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","volume":"40","author":"ME Charlson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40:373\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8.","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"3167_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-200005000-00012","volume":"6","author":"HC Mwandumba","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mwandumba HC, Beeching NJ. Pyogenic lung infections: factors for predicting clinical outcome of lung abscess and thoracic empyema. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2000;6:234\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00063198-200005000-00012.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"3167_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181b13ca2","volume":"250","author":"PA Clavien","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, Vauthey JN, Dindo D, Schulick RD, et al. The clavien-dindo classification of surgical complications: five-year experience. Ann Surg. 2009;250:187\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181b13ca2.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"3167_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1598113","volume":"65","author":"M Schweigert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schweigert M, Solymosi N, Dubecz A, John J, West D, Boenisch PL, et al. Predictors of outcome in modern surgery for lung abscess. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;65:535\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0037-1598113.","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["BMC Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-025-03167-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12893-025-03167-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-025-03167-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T13:11:20Z","timestamp":1760706680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcsurg.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12893-025-03167-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-025-03167-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6426084\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2482"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2482","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was initiated by the Far Eastern Memorial Hospital. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Far Eastern Memorial Hospital (IRB approval no. 111279-E), which waived the need for informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors in our study group agreed on the order of authorship and publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"488"}}