{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T07:07:43Z","timestamp":1772003263286,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009827","name":"Alexandria University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Mitrofanoff principal entails creating a continent catheterizable channel, traditionally the appendix. In patients with nonfunctioning kidney, the ureter of this kidney can be an alternative This study aims to compare outcomes of ureter versus appendiceal Mitrofanoff channels (MCs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent MC creation between January 2020 and June 2024 for patients with neurogenic bladder, exstrophy\u2013epispadias complex, prune belly syndrome, or posterior urethral valves. Group A included patients who had a ureter as MC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200911), while Group B included those with an appendiceal MC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200933). Data on demographics, operative details, complications, and continence outcomes were collected and analyzed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-four patients (Male patients\u2009=\u200924) were included, with a median age of 13.0 years (IQR 9.0\u201315.0) in Group A and 10.0 years (IQR 7.0\u201312.0) in Group B (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). Myelomeningocele was the most common diagnosis in both groups. Bladder augmentation was performed in 81.8% of patients in each group, predominantly with ileo-cystoplasty. Satisfactory clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) without complications was achieved in 54.4% of Group A and 57.5% of Group B. Stomal stenosis occurred more frequently in Group B (18.2% vs. 9.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), while meatal granuloma was more common in Group A (27.3% vs. 9.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.043). Other complications included urine leakage, painful catheterization, catheterization difficulty, and intestinal obstruction, with no significant intergroup differences.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ureter as an MC offers a valid option for continent urinary diversion, demonstrating comparable continence outcomes as compared to appendiceal MC. The ureter represents a feasible and reliable alternative conduit in patients with a nonfunctioning kidney.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-026-03492-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T08:16:17Z","timestamp":1770624977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ureteral versus appendiceal Mitrofanoff channels: a retrospective analysis of functional outcomes and complications"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Mansy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Kotb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abokandil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"Salama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Gamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saber","family":"Waheeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Zain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"3492_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)58730-3","volume":"116","author":"J Lapides","year":"1976","unstructured":"Lapides J, Diokno AC, Gould FR, et al. Further observations on self-catheterization. J Urol. 1976;116:169\u201371.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-1591.120113","volume":"29","author":"R Veeratterapillay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Veeratterapillay R, Morton H, Thorpe AC, et al. Reconstructing the lower urinary tract: the Mitrofanoff principle. Indian J Urol. 2013;29:316\u201321.","journal-title":"Indian J Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR3","first-page":"297","volume":"21","author":"P Mitrofanoff","year":"1980","unstructured":"Mitrofanoff P. Trans-appendicular continent cystostomy in the management of the neurogenic bladder. Chir Pediatr. 1980;21:297\u2013305.","journal-title":"Chir Pediatr"},{"key":"3492_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-016-1236-9","volume":"48","author":"E Lamin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lamin E, Newman DK. Clean intermittent catheterization revisited. Clean intermittent catheterization revisited. Int Urol Nephrol. 2016;48:931\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"3492_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05465.x","volume":"95","author":"MA Castellan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Castellan MA, Gosalbez R, Labbie A, et al. Outcomes of continent catheterizable stomas for urinary and fecal incontinence: comparison among different tissue options. BJU Int. 2005;95:1053\u20137.","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"3492_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(91)90700-4","volume":"26","author":"EH Dykes","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dykes EH, Duffy PG, Ransley PG. The use of the Mitrofanoff principle in achieving clean intermittent catheterisation and urinary continence in children. J Pediatr Surg. 1991;26:535\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3492_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2016.05.003","volume":"32","author":"HC Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang HC, Yang J, Ye X, et al. Augmentation enterocystoplasty without reimplantation for patients with neurogenic bladder and vesicoureteral reflux. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2016;32:323\u20136.","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"3492_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-005-1552-0","volume":"22","author":"P Tapre","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tapre P, Sen S, Chacko J, Karl S. The use of refluxing ureter in the creation of a Mitrofanoff channel in children undergoing bladder augmentation: is a formal reimplantation necessary? Pediatr Surg Int. 2006;22:250\u20134.","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"3492_CR9","first-page":"123","volume":"45","author":"JD Browning","year":"2018","unstructured":"Browning JD, Stephany HA. Advances in pediatric urinary diversion. Urologic Clin. 2018;45:123\u201332.","journal-title":"Urologic Clin"},{"key":"3492_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-025-06204-6","volume":"41","author":"A K\u00f6nig","year":"2025","unstructured":"K\u00f6nig A, Wiseman AX, Wildhaber B, et al. Mitrofanoff procedure in children: use of the appendix and VQZ plasty seems to minimize complications. Pediatr Surg Int. 2025;41:304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-025-06204-6.","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"3492_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(06)00610-0","volume":"176","author":"JC Thomas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thomas JC, Dietrich MS, Trusler L, et al. Continent catheterizable channels and the timing of their complications. J Urol. 2006;176:1816\u201320.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00503-1","volume":"49","author":"PR Monti","year":"1997","unstructured":"Monti PR, Lara RC, Dutra MA, et al. New techniques for construction of efferent conduits based on the Mitrofanoff principle. Urology. 1997;49:112\u20135.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"3 Pt 2","key":"3492_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68228-6","volume":"162","author":"AJ Casale","year":"1999","unstructured":"Casale AJ. A long continent ileovesicostomy using reconfigured ileum: the Yang-Monti technique. J Urol. 1999;162(3 Pt 2):1743\u20135.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2008.04.006","volume":"72","author":"MP Cain","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cain MP, Dussinger AM, Gitlin J, et al. Updated experience with the monti catheterizable channel. Urology. 2008;72:782\u20135.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"3492_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65237-6","volume":"157","author":"Y Mor","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mor Y, Kajbafzadeh AM, German K, et al. The role of ureter in the creation of Mitrofanoff channels in children. J Urol. 1997;157:635\u20137.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65538-1","volume":"156","author":"JG Van Savage","year":"1996","unstructured":"Van Savage JG, Khoury AE, McLorie GA, et al. Outcome analysis of Mitrofanoff principle applications using appendix and ureter to umbilical and lower quadrant stomal sites. J Urol. 1996;156:1794\u201317.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2025.01.007","volume":"21","author":"F Frank","year":"2025","unstructured":"Frank F, Wullich B, Hirsch-Koch K, et al. The utilization of a spare ureter to create a continent catheterizable channel to the bladder in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Urol. 2025;21:651\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64998-X","volume":"157","author":"M Kaefer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kaefer M, Tobin MS, Hendren WH, et al. Continent urinary diversion: the children\u2019s hospital experience. J Urol. 1997;157:1394\u20139.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2021.09.017","volume":"17","author":"N Ismail","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ismail N, Daugherty M, Strine AC, et al. Diagnosis, management and recurrence rates of Mitrofanoff polyps. J Pediatr Urol. 2021;17:e8551\u20134.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"key":"3492_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07885.x","volume":"102","author":"BD Gowda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gowda BD, Agrawal V, Harrison SC. The continent, catheterizable abdominal conduit in adult urological practice. BJU Int. 2008;102:1688\u201392.","journal-title":"BJU Int"}],"container-title":["BMC Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03492-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03492-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03492-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T06:20:26Z","timestamp":1772000426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03492-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03492-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2482"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2482","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were following the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria. Written informed consent to participate in this study was provided by the participant\u2019s legal guardian\/next of kin of any participant under the age of 16.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"159"}}