{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T17:26:32Z","timestamp":1772817992239,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wrist ganglion cysts (GCs) are the most common soft-tissue masses of the hand and wrist. Although surgical excision is considered the most effective treatment, recurrence remains a clinical concern. Anatomical and demographic predictors of postoperative recurrence are not well established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 347 patients who underwent surgical excision of wrist GCs between 2015 and 2023, with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Clinical data (age, sex, side, hand dominance) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)\u2013based topographic features (volume, surface area, wall thickness, location, longest and shortest diameters, aspect ratio, and distance to the adjacent joint) were recorded retrospectively. The primary outcome was cyst recurrence at a minimum follow-up of 24 months, defined as clinically or radiologically confirmed return of the cyst. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests or Mann\u2013Whitney U tests, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. All analyses were performed in the Python (Google Colab) environment using the pandas, NumPy, SciPy, and statsmodels libraries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall recurrence rate at a minimum follow-up of 24 months was 8.6% (30 of 347). Dominant-hand involvement was significantly associated with recurrence (\u03c7\u00b2\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006). In age-adjusted logistic regression, dominant-hand involvement increased the risk (OR\u2009=\u20096.51; 95% CI, 1.87\u201322.63;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Cyst distance to the adjacent joint was significantly shorter in recurrent cases (mean 7.6\u00a0mm vs. 8.1\u00a0mm; t-test\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001, Mann\u2013Whitney U\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021). Based on age-adjusted logistic regression, each additional millimeter of cyst-to-joint distance conferred a 41% relative reduction in recurrence risk (OR\u2009=\u20090.59; 95% CI, 0.39\u20130.90;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MRI-based evaluation of cyst-to-joint distance and consideration of dominant-hand involvement may help identify patients at increased risk of recurrence after surgical excision of wrist GCs. Incorporating these factors into preoperative planning may optimize surgical strategy, guide follow-up, and improve patient counseling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-026-03562-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T12:46:51Z","timestamp":1770295611000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictors of recurrence after open excision of wrist ganglion cysts: an MRI-based and clinical analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8780-2943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salih","family":"Kaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcrkan","family":"\u0130den","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Recep","family":"Ta\u015fk\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Ali","family":"Dursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Basri","family":"P\u00fcr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bilal","family":"Karabak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"U\u011fur","family":"Kay\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3562_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minotti P, Taras JS (2002) Ganglion cysts of the wrist. Journal of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand 2:102\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jssh.2002.33318.","DOI":"10.1053\/jssh.2002.33318"},{"key":"3562_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gude W, Morelli V (2008) Ganglion cysts of the wrist: pathophysiology, clinical picture, and management. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 1:205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S12178-008-9033-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/S12178-008-9033-4"},{"key":"3562_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zoller SD, Benner NR, Iannuzzi NP (2023) Ganglions in the Hand and Wrist: Advances in 2 Decades. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 31:E58\u2013E67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/JAAOS-D-22-00105.","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-22-00105"},{"key":"3562_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zubowicz VN, Ishii CH (1987) Management of ganglion cysts of the hand by simple aspiration. J Hand Surg Am 12:618\u2013620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0363-5023(87)80221-6.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(87)80221-6"},{"key":"3562_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Winek NC, Ren M, Kirkwood G, et al (2025) Ganglion Recurrence Rates After a Simple Puncture and a Review of the Literature. Cureus 17:e84039. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/CUREUS.84039.","DOI":"10.7759\/CUREUS.84039"},{"key":"3562_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ozdemir A, Bulbuloglu S, Cinar F (2025) Plastic surgery treatment approaches and results for ganglion cysts: retrospective analysis of 1,784 patients. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 60:153\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/JPHS.V60.44184.","DOI":"10.2340\/JPHS.V60.44184"},{"key":"3562_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Head L, Gencarelli JR, Allen M, Boyd KU (2015) Wrist Ganglion Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 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Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Health Sciences University (Date: 10.07.2025\/No: 2025\/08-221). Written informed consent was obtained from the all patients for publication of this paper and any accompanying images.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication of the case details and accompanying images was obtained from all patients.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"182"}}