{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T23:10:54Z","timestamp":1789081854927,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":80,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Youth Talent Support Program Project of the Shaanxi Association for Science and Technology, China","award":["No. 20230342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 20230342"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Surg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate whether constrained acetabular liners (CAL) used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) reduce the risk of dislocation and related complications in patients with neuromuscular disorders and unstable comminuted femoral intertrochanteric fractures (ITF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with Evans type III-V ITFs who underwent hemiarthroplasty or THA at our institution from July 2011 to July 2016. Patients were divided into two groups: a hemiarthroplasty group and a CAL group. Radiological data, clinical records, and laboratory test results were meticulously collected. Differences between the two groups were analyzed to support clinical decision-making regarding treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant differences were observed between the two groups in operation duration (90.50\u2009\u00b1\u200925.12 vs. 110.10\u2009\u00b1\u200926.38\u00a0min,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008), intraoperative blood loss (205.12\u2009\u00b1\u200968.50 vs. 275.58\u2009\u00b1\u200983.36 mL,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) and blood transfusion rate (16.67% vs. 30.87%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.012). Compared to hemiarthroplasty, CAL was associated with a significantly higher risk of heterotopic ossification (HO) (Odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.198, 95% CI: 1.020\u20131.850), a higher risk of aseptic loosening (Odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.155, 95% CI: 0.708\u20131.782), and a lower risk of dislocation (Odds ratio\u2009=\u20090.120, 95% CI: 0.022\u20130.552).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients with neurological disorders undergoing HA for unilateral unstable comminuted femoral ITF, CAL THA was correlated with a lower postoperative dislocation rate but increased risks of aseptic loosening and HO. Despite reducing dislocation risk, the overall clinical benefits of CAL appeared limited. Additionally, no significant differences in long-term hip function outcomes were observed between CAL and conventional hemiarthroplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-026-03973-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T03:45:03Z","timestamp":1782186303000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Constrained acetabular liner total hip arthroplasty versus conventional hemiarthroplasty for unstable comminuted femoral intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients with neurological disorders"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mingming","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yandan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4574-6167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Congcong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"3973_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fischer H, Maleitzke T, Eder C, Ahmad S, St\u00f6ckle U. Braun KJEjomr: Management of proximal femur fractures in the elderly: current concepts and treatment options. 2021;26(1):86. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-021-00556-0.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-021-00556-0"},{"key":"3973_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Babagoli M, Ghaseminejad Raeini A, Sheykhvatan M, Baghdadi S, Shafiei SHJSR. Influencing factors on morbidity and mortality in intertrochanteric fractures. 2023;13(1):12090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-38667-9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38667-9"},{"key":"3973_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hao Y, Wang R, Chen Z, Zhou F, Ji H, Tian Y, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Lv Y. Yang ZJBg: One-year mortality risk in older individuals with femoral intertrochanteric fracture: a tertiary center in China. 2024;24(1):544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-024-05159-y.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05159-y"},{"key":"3973_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Steffann F, Rubens-Duval B, Huten DJO, Surgery T, Research. Should trochanteric fractures in elderly patients be treated by arthroplasty or internal fixation? 2024;110(1):103778. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103778.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103778"},{"key":"3973_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ricci WMJJOT. Stability of intertrochanteric femur fractures. 2023;37(10S):S1\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000002675.","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000002675"},{"key":"3973_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"El Madboh MS, Yonis LMAE, Kabbash Ia, Samy AM, Romeih MAEJIJO. Proximal femoral plate, intramedullary nail fixation versus hip arthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric femoral fracture in the elderly: a meta-analysis. 2022;56(1):155\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43465-021-00426-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s43465-021-00426-1"},{"key":"3973_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gillinov SM, Joo PY, Zhu JR, Moran J, Rubin LE, Grauer JNJJ-JAAOS. Incidence, timing, and predictors of hip dislocation after primary total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. 2022;30(21):1047\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/JAAOS-D-22-00150.","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-22-00150"},{"key":"3973_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ogawa T, Takao M, Hamada H, Sakai T, Sugano, NJIo. Soft tissue tension is four times lower in the unstable primary total hip arthroplasty. 2018;42(9):2059\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-3908-9.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3908-9"},{"key":"3973_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Konan S. Duncan CJTb, journal j: Total hip arthroplasty in patients with neuromuscular imbalance. 2018;100(1_Supple_A):17\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.100b1.bjj-2017-0571.r1.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.100b1.bjj-2017-0571.r1"},{"key":"3973_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lightfoot CJ, Sehat KR, Coole C, Drury G, Ablewhite J, Drummond AEJD. rehabilitation: Evaluation of hip precautions following total hip replacement: a before and after study. 2021;43(20):2882\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2020.1721575.","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1721575"},{"key":"3973_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu Y, Xiao H, Xue FJE. medicine t: Causes of and treatment options for dislocation following total hip arthroplasty. 2019;18(3):1715\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2019.7733.","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2019.7733"},{"key":"3973_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Song JH, Kwon WH, Oh SB, Moon KHJOS. Use of a constrained acetabular liner to prevent and treat recurrent dislocation after total hip replacement arthroplasty. 2020;12(6):2004\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12811.","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12811"},{"key":"3973_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pannu TS, Nezwek T, Villa JM, Higuera CA. Total hip arthroplasty: Aseptic loosening. In: Orthopaedics and Trauma: Current Concepts and Best Practices.edn.: Springer; 2024. p. 1439\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-30518-4_118.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-30518-4_118"},{"key":"3973_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nho J-H, Seo G-W, Kang TW, Jang B-W, Park J-S, Suh Y. -SJH, pelvis: Bipolar hemiarthroplasty in unstable intertrochanteric fractures with an effective wiring technique. 2023;35(2):99. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5371\/hp.2023.35.2.99.","DOI":"10.5371\/hp.2023.35.2.99"},{"key":"3973_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sara LK, Lewis CLJHJ. Rehabilitation phases, precautions, and mobility goals following total hip arthroplasty. 2023;19(4):494\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15563316231192980.","DOI":"10.1177\/15563316231192980"},{"key":"3973_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cnudde PH, N\u00e5tman J, Hailer NP, Rogmark CJTB, Journal J. Total, hemi, or dual-mobility arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in patients with neurological disease: analysis of 9,638 patients from the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register. 2022;104(1):134\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.104B1.BJJ-2021-0855.R1.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.104B1.BJJ-2021-0855.R1"},{"key":"3973_CR17","unstructured":"Peuser F. Hip replacement in intertrochanteric femur fractures. Vilniaus universitetas.; 2024. https:\/\/epublications.vu.lt\/object\/elaba:210545383\/210545383.pdf."},{"key":"3973_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sidhu AS, Singh AP, Singh AP, Singh, SJIo. Total hip replacement as primary treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. 2010;34(6):789\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-009-0826-x.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-009-0826-x"},{"key":"3973_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fan L, Dang X, Wang KJPO. Comparison between bipolar hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly osteoporotic patients. 2012;7(6):e39531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0039531.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039531"},{"issue":"5","key":"3973_CR20","first-page":"776","volume":"72","author":"B Patterson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Patterson B, Salvati E, Huo MJJ. Total hip arthroplasty for complications of intertrochanteric fracture. Tech note. 1990;72(5):776\u20137.","journal-title":"Tech note"},{"key":"3973_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Geiger F, Zimmermann-Stenzel M, Heisel C, Lehner B. Daecke WJAoo, surgery t: Trochanteric fractures in the elderly: the influence of primary hip arthroplasty on 1-year mortality. 2007;127(10):959\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-007-0423-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-007-0423-7"},{"key":"3973_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Martinho T, Stoffel KJM. Treatment of intertrochanteric femur fractures with hip arthroplasty in older patients: a narrative review of indications and outcomes. 2021;57(8):763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina57080763.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57080763"},{"key":"3973_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Queally J, Abdulkarim A, Mulhall KJTJB, Volume JSB. Total hip replacement in patients with neurological conditions. 2009;91(10):1267\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.91b10.22934.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.91b10.22934"},{"key":"3973_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wojtowicz AL, Al-Azzani W, N\u00e5tman J, Rolfson O, Rogmark C, Cnudde PHJI. Hip arthroplasty for acute hip fracture in patients with neurological disorders: A report Of 9,702 cases from the Swedish arthroplasty register. 2022;53(3):1202\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2021.09.028.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.09.028"},{"key":"3973_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kostewicz M, Szcz\u0119sny G, Tomaszewski W, Ma\u0142dyk PJMSMIMJE, Research C. Narrative review of the mechanism of hip prosthesis dislocation and methods to reduce the risk of dislocation. 2022;28:e935665\u2013935661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/MSM.935665.","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.935665"},{"key":"3973_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sukati FM, Viljoen J, Alexander AJSOJ. Intertrochanteric femur fractures: a current concepts review. 2023;22(1):41\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17159\/2309-8309\/2023\/v22n1a6.","DOI":"10.17159\/2309-8309\/2023\/v22n1a6"},{"key":"3973_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maroun G, Chaftari R, Chokr J, Maroun C, El-Jerdi M, Saade CJEJoOS. Traumatology: High comorbidity index is not associated with high morbidity and mortality when employing constrained arthroplasty as a primary treatment for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. 2019;29(5):1009\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-019-02394-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-019-02394-7"},{"key":"3973_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ridha M, Al-Jabri T, Stelzhammer T, Shah Z, Oragui E, Giannoudis PVJI. Osteosynthesis, hemiarthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty in hip fractures: All I need to know. 2024;55(3):111377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2024.111377.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2024.111377"},{"key":"3973_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amarasekera H. Surgical approaches to the hip joint and its clinical implications in adult hip arthroplasty. Arthroplasty-Update. IntechOpen; 2013. edn. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/55212.","DOI":"10.5772\/55212"},{"key":"3973_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Che Y-J, Qian Z, Chen Q, Chang R, Xie X, Hao YFJB. Effects of rehabilitation therapy based on exercise prescription on motor function and complications after hip fracture surgery in elderly patients. 2023;24(1):817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-023-06806-y.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-023-06806-y"},{"key":"3973_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Descamps J, Teissier V, Graff W, Mouton A, Bouch\u00e9 P-A. Marmor SJJoO, Traumatology: Managing early complications in total hip arthroplasty: the safety of immediate revision. 2023;24(1):38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10195-023-00719-1.","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-023-00719-1"},{"key":"3973_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Awadallah M, Blanco J, Ong J, Kumar N, Rajata P, Parker MJI. Is there a higher risk of dislocation of hip hemiarthroplasty in patients with neuromuscular conditions? A clinical study of 3827 patients. 2022;53(2):631\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2021.10.035.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.10.035"},{"key":"3973_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eannucci EF, Barlow BT, Carroll KM, Sculco PK, Jerabek SA, Mayman DJJHJ. A protocol of pose avoidance in place of hip precautions after posterior-approach total hip arthroplasty may not increase risk of post-operative dislocation. 2019;15(3):247\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11420-019-09708-9.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-019-09708-9"},{"key":"3973_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh V, Loloi J, Macaulay W, Hepinstall MS, Schwarzkopf R, Aggarwal VKJH. pelvis: Dual-mobility versus fixed-bearing in primary total hip arthroplasty: outcome comparison. 2022;34(2):96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5371\/hp.2022.34.2.96.","DOI":"10.5371\/hp.2022.34.2.96"},{"key":"3973_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zavras AG, Vucicevic RS, Fice MP, Yu A, Khan ZA, Dandu N, Blank AT, Gitelis S, Levine BR. Colman MWJJoO: A comparison of dislocation risk between dual mobility and traditional constructs used in proximal femoral replacement. 2025;59:36\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jor.2024.07.014.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2024.07.014"},{"key":"3973_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Su H, Yu S, Huang H, Lin S, Zhou H, Chen L, Xiang S, Hu X, Gong Y, Li JJIO. Importance of hip capsular repair in total hip arthroplasty (THA) via the posterior lateral approach: a five year retrospective cohort study. 2024;48(10):2567\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-024-06293-3.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-024-06293-3"},{"key":"3973_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jolles B. Zangger PJTJoa: Factors predisposing to dislocation after primary total hip arthroplasty: a multivariate analysis. 2002;17(3):282\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1054\/arth.2002.30286.","DOI":"10.1054\/arth.2002.30286"},{"key":"3973_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez A, Nu\u00f1ez J, Mimendia I, Barro V, Azorin LJRECOT. Early dislocation in primary total hip arthroplasty using a posterior approach with repair of capsule and external rotators. 2018;62(6):421\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.recote.2018.11.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recote.2018.11.001"},{"key":"3973_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suh KT, Kim DW, Lee HS, Seong YJ, Lee JSJCO, Research\u00ae R. Is the dislocation rate higher after bipolar hemiarthroplasty in patients with neuromuscular diseases? 2012;470(4):1158\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-011-2139-9.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-2139-9"},{"key":"3973_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Y, Deng X, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Chen W, Zhang. YJAc, research e: Total hip arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in elderly patients with neuromuscular imbalance. 2022;34(11):2825\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40520-021-01976-y.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-021-01976-y"},{"key":"3973_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Butler JT, Stegelmann SD, Butler JL, Bullock M, Miller RJJoOS M. Research: Comparing dislocation rates by approach following elective primary dual mobility total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review. 2023;18(1):226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-023-03724-6.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03724-6"},{"key":"3973_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cohn RM, Schwarzkopf R, Jaffe FJAJO. Heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty. 2011;40(11):E232\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002640000181.","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640000181"},{"key":"3973_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shiu HT, Leung PC. Ko CHJJote, medicine r: The roles of cellular and molecular components of a hematoma at early stage of bone healing. 2018;12(4):e1911\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/term.2622.","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2622"},{"key":"3973_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ren Y, Zhao W, Liu M, Lin HJIJMS. Macrophage polarization in heterotopic ossification: inflammation, osteogenesis, and emerging therapeutic targets. 2025;26(12):5821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26125821.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125821"},{"key":"3973_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li X, Zhao L, Chen R, Cao H, Wei Y, Wu X, Zhu G, Jiang LJAO, Surgery T. Effects of total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty on hip function in patients with traumatic femoral neck fracture. 2023;143(2):873\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-022-04349-w.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-022-04349-w"},{"key":"3973_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Smith RJBMB. Recovery and tissue repair. 1985;41(3):295\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072065.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072065"},{"key":"3973_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Younesi FS, Miller AE, Barker TH, Rossi FM, Hinz BJNRMCB. Fibroblast and myofibroblast activation in normal tissue repair and fibrosis. 2024;25(8):617\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41580-024-00716-0.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00716-0"},{"key":"3973_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin L, Shen Q, Xue T, Yu CJB. Heterotopic ossification induced by Achilles tenotomy via endochondral bone formation: expression of bone and cartilage related genes. 2010;46(2):425\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2009.08.057.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.08.057"},{"key":"3973_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gen\u00eat F, Minooee K, Jourdan C, Ruet A, Denormandie P, Schnitzler AJBI. Troublesome heterotopic ossification and stroke: features and risk factors. A case control study. 2015;29(7\u20138):866\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02699052.2015.1005133.","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2015.1005133"},{"key":"3973_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sullivan M, Torres S, Mehta S, Ahn JJB. research j: Heterotopic ossification after central nervous system trauma: a current review. 2013;2(3):51\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2046-3758.23.2000152.","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.23.2000152"},{"key":"3973_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DiCaprio MR, Huo MH, Zatorski LE, Keggi KJJO. Incidence of heterotopic ossification following total hip arthroplasty in patients with prior stroke. In., vol. 27: Slack Incorporated Thorofare, NJ; 2004:41\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/0147-7447-20040101-16.","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-20040101-16"},{"key":"3973_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li J, Zheng W, Zhao J, Liu D, Xu WJIJO. Large diameter metal on metal total hip replacement for femoral neck fractures with neurological conditions: a retrospective assessment. 2014;48(6):605\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5413.144236.","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.144236"},{"key":"3973_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fontalis A, Kenanidis E, Bennett-Brown K, Tsiridis EJE. Clinical outcomes in elective total hip arthroplasty in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review of the literature. 2020;5(12):856\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2058-5241.5.200034.","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.5.200034"},{"key":"3973_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Panwar K, Cutter B, Holmboe M, Card R, Pistel W, Law JIJA-AT, Perspectives F. Instability in total hip arthroplasty. 2022:41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.105801.","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.105801"},{"key":"3973_CR55","unstructured":"Clair AJ, Buchalter DB, Kugelman DN, Deshmukh AJ, Aggarwal VK. Rozell JCJBotNHfJD: Dual mobility in total hip arthroplasty. 2022;80(1):4\u201310. https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/bhjd\/fulltext\/2022\/80010\/dual_mobility_in_total_hip_arthroplasty.1.aspx."},{"key":"3973_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buford A, Goswami TJM. design: Review of wear mechanisms in hip implants: Paper I\u2013General. 2004;25(5):385\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matdes.2003.11.010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2003.11.010"},{"key":"3973_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kenanidis E, Kakoulidis P, Anagnostis P, Potoupnis M, Tsiridis EJHI. Constrained liners revisited: favourable mid-term results in patients with high-risk of dislocation: technical considerations for the optimal outcome. 2023;33(1):53\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/11207000211010712.","DOI":"10.1177\/11207000211010712"},{"key":"3973_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kandil A, Werner BC, Gwathmey WF. Browne JAJTJoa: Obesity, morbid obesity and their related medical comorbidities are associated with increased complications and revision rates after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. 2015;30(3):456\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2014.10.016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.10.016"},{"key":"3973_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aro HT, Alm JJ, Moritz N, M\u00e4kinen TJ, Lankinen PJA. Low BMD affects initial stability and delays stem osseointegration in cementless total hip arthroplasty in women: a 2-year RSA study of 39 patients. In., vol. 83: Taylor & Francis; 2012:107\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/17453674.2012.678798.","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2012.678798"},{"key":"3973_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gallo J, Havranek V, Zapletalova J, Lostak JJBMD. Male gender, Charnley class C, and severity of bone defects predict the risk for aseptic loosening in the cup of ABG I hip arthroplasty. 2010;11(1):243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2474-11-243.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-11-243"},{"key":"3973_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guadarrama Bello D, Variola F, Nanci AJAHM. Bone Healing Around Implants in Normal and Medically Compromised Conditions: Osteoporosis and Diabetes. 2026:e04701.","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202504701"},{"key":"3973_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson KD, Ko FC, Virdi AS, Sumner DR. Ross RDJCor: Biomechanics of implant fixation in osteoporotic bone. 2020, 18(5):577\u201386.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-020-00614-2"},{"key":"3973_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen J, Hao Z, Li H, Wang J, Chen T, Wang Y, Shi G, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang ZJT. Osteoporotic osseointegration: therapeutic hallmarks and engineering strategies. 2024, 14(10):3859.","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.96516"},{"key":"3973_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matthew LM, Shabnam P, Adam MG, Mitchell N, Che Hang JWJHI. Inflammatory bowel disease patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty have higher odds of implant-related complications. 2023, 34(4).","DOI":"10.1177\/11207000231214768"},{"key":"3973_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lunn JV, Gallagher PM, Hegarty S, Kaliszer M, Crowe J, Murray P, Bouchier\u2010Hayes D: The role of hereditary hemochromatosis in aseptic loosening following primary total hip arthroplasty. 2005, 23(3).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orthres.2004.11.004"},{"key":"3973_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O\u2019Driscoll CS, Hughes AJ, Davey MS, Queally JM. O\u2019Daly BJJAt: Total hip arthroplasty in patients with neurological conditions: a systematic review. 2023, 19:101068.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artd.2022.11.001"}],"container-title":["BMC Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03973-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03973-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03973-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T22:51:25Z","timestamp":1789080685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03973-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3973"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-026-03973-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2482"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2482","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry (Approval No.: 2026-003). All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Given the retrospective nature of this study, all patient data and images were fully de-identified prior to analysis. The Institutional Review Board of the No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry formally waived the requirement for written informed consent to participate, and this waiver complies with the relevant national ethical regulations governing clinical medical research in China.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"609"}}