{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:57:14Z","timestamp":1764784634107},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Urol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To establish the role of BCG instillations in the incidence and mortality of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>NMIBC patients in instillations with BCG (induction or maintenance) during 2019\/2020 were included, establishing a COVID-19 group (with a diagnosis according to the national registry) and a control group (NO-COVID). The cumulative incidence (cases\/total patients) and the case fatality rate (deaths\/cases) were established, and compared with the national statistics for the same age group. <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>-test was used for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>175 patients were included. Eleven patients presented CIS (11\/175, 6.3%), 84\/175 (48.0%) Ta and 68\/175 (38.9%) T1. Average number of instillations\u2009=\u200913.25\u2009\u00b1\u20097.4. One hundred sixty-seven patients (95.4%) had complete induction. Forty-three patients (cumulative incidence 24.6%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. There is no difference between COVID-19 and NO-COVID group in age, gender or proportion of maintenance completed. COVID-19 group fatality rate\u2009=\u20091\/43 (2.3%). Accumulated Chilean incidence 70\u201379\u00a0years\u2009=\u20096.3%. Chilean fatality rate 70\u201379\u00a0years\u2009=\u200914%.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>According to our results, patients with NMIBC submitted to instillations with BCG have a lower case-fatality rate than the national registry of patients between 70 and 79\u00a0years (2.3% vs. 14%, respectively). Intravesical BCG could decrease the mortality due to COVID-19, so instillation schemes should not be suspended in a pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-021-00823-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T05:02:40Z","timestamp":1617080560000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Protective role of intravesical BCG in COVID-19 severity"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Gallegos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo A.","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Sep\u00falveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio F.","family":"San Francisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"823_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0337-y","volume":"20","author":"LAJ O'Neill","year":"2020","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill LAJ, Netea MG. 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