{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T03:48:36Z","timestamp":1781754516245,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Urol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We aimed to assess the outcome of staged transverse preputial island flap (TPIF) urethroplasty for repairing certain cases of primary proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee in children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Nighty-two consecutive boys who underwent either one-stage or staged TPIF urethroplasty for the repair of proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee between August 2015 and December 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups: one-stage TPIF urethroplasty group (n\u2009=\u200944) and staged TPIF urethroplasty group (n\u2009=\u200948). We noted and compared the postoperative complications, including urethrocutaneous fistula, urethral diverticula, residual penile curvature, and urethral stricture in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Both groups were followed up for 1\u20135\u00a0years, with an average of 3\u00a0years. No cases of residual or recurrence of penile chordee were reported in either group. In Group A, 9 patients (9\/44, 20.4%) had postoperative urethrocutaneous fistula, and all patients underwent urinary fistula repair or urethroplasty. In Group B, postoperative urethrocutaneous fistula occurred in 2 cases (2\/48, 4.1%), and one patient developed a urethrocutaneous fistula after the first operation, which was successfully repaired during the second operation. A urethrocutaneous fistula occurred in 1 case after completion of the second-stage operation; urethral fistula repair was performed successfully 6\u00a0months later. There were 2 cases of urethral stricture in Group A (2\/44, 4.5%) and none in Group B. There were 6 cases of urethral diverticulum in Group A (6\/44, 13.6%) and no cases of urethral diverticulum in Group B. The operative success rates were 61.3% and 95.8% in Group A and Group B, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Compared with one-stage TPIF urethroplasty, staged TPIF urethroplasty in the treatment of certain cases of primary proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee resulted in fewer postoperative fistulas, urethral strictures and urethral diverticula. The staged TPIF urethroplasty procedure was effective in reducing the operation difficulty and complication rate of hypospadias, improving the curative effect of complex hypospadias and having good clinical application value.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-021-00948-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T11:02:43Z","timestamp":1640257363000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Staged transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty for some proximal hypospadias with moderate-to-severe chordee"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5926-6589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hai","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-Bing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze-Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang-Ju","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"948_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(02)00025-3","volume":"29","author":"BG Cilento Jr","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cilento BG Jr, Atala A. Proximal hypospadias. Urol Clin North Am. 2002;29(2):311\u201328.","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"948_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2021.05.014","volume":"17","author":"R Babu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Babu R, Chandrasekharam VVS. Meta-analysis comparing the outcomes of single stage (foreskin pedicled tube) versus two stage (foreskin free graft & foreskin pedicled flap) repair for proximal hypospadias in the last decade. J Pediatr Urol. 2021;17(5):681\u20139.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"issue":"4","key":"948_CR3","first-page":"201","volume":"32","author":"M Casta\u00f1\u00f3n","year":"2019","unstructured":"Casta\u00f1\u00f3n M, Prat-Ortells J, Garc\u00eda-Aparicio L, et al. Single-repair for primary proximal hypospadias. Lessons learned after 196 primary repairs. 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The study was approved by the ethics board of Hainan General Hospital (2021-005) and informed consent was obtained through written informed consent with a parent or guardian of the participant.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors provided consent for publication. Written informed consent was obtained from the parent or legal guardian of all children participating in the study for publication of their individual details and any accompanying images in this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"182"}}