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After a second complete transurethral resection (TUR) process, we immediately altered the intravesical instillation agent for 107 patients (group A). In contrast, the remaining 98 patients (group B) continued using their original intravesical instillation agent. After transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT), all patients received either an immediate instillation of epirubicin (EPI), gemcitabine (GEM), or hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), followed by regular induction and maintenance instillations. Recurrence and progression rates were evaluated using the Chi-square test, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, there was no significant difference in either the 5-year tumor recurrence or progression rates between the two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05) The Kaplan\u2013Meier plot showed no difference in progression-free or recurrence-free survival between the two groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Switching IVC agents does not improve RFS and PFS for patients with short-term recurrent high-risk NMIBC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-024-01410-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T04:04:23Z","timestamp":1706673863000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is switching intravesical chemotherapeutic agents beneficial in short-term recurrent high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors? 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