{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T08:46:19Z","timestamp":1785228379647,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Urol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-024-01675-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T01:35:29Z","timestamp":1738114529000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparison of treatments for preventing lower urinary tract symptoms after BCG immunotherapy of bladder tumors : a systematic review and network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Zihao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingchao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingang","family":"jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuedong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianquan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1675_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71:209\u201349.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"1675_CR2","first-page":"e27330","volume":"14","author":"SA Halaseh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Halaseh SA, Halaseh S, Alali Y, Ashour ME, Alharayzah MJ. A Review of the Etiology and Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer: All You Need To Know. Cureus. 2022;14:e27330.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1675_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2021.08.010","volume":"81","author":"M Babjuk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Babjuk M, Burger M, Capoun O, Cohen D, Comp\u00e9rat EM, Dominguez Escrig JL, et al. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (Ta, T1, and Carcinoma in Situ). Eur Urol. 2022;81:75\u201394.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-015-1739-2","volume":"466","author":"E Comp\u00e9rat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Comp\u00e9rat E, Larr\u00e9 S, Roupret M, Neuzillet Y, Pignot G, Quintens H, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics of urothelial bladder cancer in patients less than 40 years old. Virchows Arch. 2015;466:589\u201394.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"1675_CR5","first-page":"1980","volume":"324","author":"AT Lenis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lenis AT, Lec PM, Chamie K, Mshs MD. Bladder Cancer: Rev JAMA. 2020;324:1980\u201391.","journal-title":"Bladder Cancer: Rev JAMA"},{"key":"1675_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)58737-6","volume":"116","author":"A Morales","year":"1976","unstructured":"Morales A, Eidinger D, Bruce AW. Intracavitary Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in the treatment of superficial bladder tumors. J Urol. 1976;116:180\u20133.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3073","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14133073","volume":"14","author":"S Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang S, Redelman-Sidi G. BCG in Bladder Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers. 2022;14:3073.","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"1675_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2015.58","volume":"12","author":"AM Kamat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kamat AM, Flaig TW, Grossman HB, Konety B, Lamm D, O\u2019Donnell MA, et al. Consensus statement on best practice management regarding the use of intravesical immunotherapy with BCG for bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol. 2015;12:225\u201335.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2021-0781","volume":"18","author":"SR Unsworth-White","year":"2022","unstructured":"Unsworth-White SR, Kitchen MO, Bryan RT. Immunotherapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: from the origins of BCG to novel therapies. Future Oncol. 2022;18:105\u201315.","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"key":"1675_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2012.08.001","volume":"39","author":"VH Nargund","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nargund VH, Tanabalan CK, Kabir MN. Management of Non\u2013Muscle-Invasive (Superficial) Bladder Cancer. Semin Oncol. 2012;39:559\u201372.","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"1675_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12012","volume":"112","author":"JA Witjes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Witjes JA, Palou J, Soloway M, Lamm D, Kamat AM, Brausi M, et al. Current clinical practice gaps in the treatment of intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with emphasis on the use of bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin (BCG): results of an international individual patient data survey (IPDS). BJU Int. 2013;112:742\u201350.","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"1675_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67707-5","volume":"163","author":"DL Lamm","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lamm DL, Blumenstein BA, Crissman JD, Montie JE, Gottesman JE, Lowe BA, et al. Maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy for recurrent TA, T1 and carcinoma in situ transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a randomized Southwest Oncology Group Study. J Urol. 2000;163:1124\u20139.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2009.12.024","volume":"57","author":"RJ Sylvester","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sylvester RJ, Brausi MA, Kirkels WJ, Hoeltl W, Calais Da Silva F, Powell PH, et al. Long-term efficacy results of EORTC genito-urinary group randomized phase 3 study 30911 comparing intravesical instillations of epirubicin, bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin, and bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin plus isoniazid in patients with intermediate- and high-risk stage Ta T1 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Eur Urol. 2010;57:766\u201373.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyg073","volume":"33","author":"H Akaza","year":"2003","unstructured":"Akaza H, Koiso K, Ozono S, Kuroda M, Kameyama S, Okajima E, et al. A clinical study of PMCJ-9 (Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin Connaught strain) treatment of superficial bladder cancer and carcinoma in situ of the bladder. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2003;33:382\u201390.","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1675_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E540","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.1411","volume":"8","author":"LC Macleod","year":"2014","unstructured":"Macleod LC, Ngo TC, Gonzalgo ML. Complications of intravesical bacillus calmette-gu\u00e9rin. Can Urol Assoc J J Assoc Urol Can. 2014;8:E540\u2013544.","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J J Assoc Urol Can"},{"key":"1675_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327053","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1327053","volume":"17","author":"G Bourlotos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bourlotos G, Baigent W, Hong M, Plagakis S, Grundy L. BCG induced lower urinary tract symptoms during treatment for NMIBC-Mechanisms and management strategies. Front Neurosci. 2023;17:1327053.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"1675_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13072031","volume":"13","author":"R Pichler","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pichler R, St\u00e4blein J, Mari A, Afferi L, D\u2019Andrea D, Marcq G, et al. Treating BCG-Induced Cystitis with Combined Chondroitin and Hyaluronic Acid Instillations in Bladder Cancer. J Clin Med. 2024;13:2031.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"1675_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2176","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002176","volume":"94","author":"S Zeng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zeng S, Yu X, Ma C, Zhang Z, Song R, Chen X, et al. Low-Dose Versus Standard Dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in the Treatment of Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Med (Baltim). 2015;94:e2176.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"1675_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10156","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2015.11690","volume":"15","author":"N Erdo\u011far","year":"2015","unstructured":"Erdo\u011far N, Iskit AB, Ero\u011flu H, Sargon MF, Mungan NA, Bilensoy E. Antitumor Efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Loaded Cationic Nanoparticles for Intravesical Immunotherapy of Bladder Tumor Induced Rat Model. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2015;15:10156\u201364.","journal-title":"J Nanosci Nanotechnol"},{"key":"1675_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1566-9_12","volume":"2345","author":"J Watt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Watt J, Del Giovane C. Network Meta-Analysis. Methods Mol Biol Clifton NJ. 2022;2345:187\u2013201.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol Clifton NJ"},{"key":"1675_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1566-9_14","volume":"2345","author":"C Daly","year":"2022","unstructured":"Daly C, Soobiah C. Software to Conduct a Meta-Analysis and Network Meta-Analysis. Methods Mol Biol Clifton NJ. 2022;2345:223\u201344.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol Clifton NJ"},{"key":"1675_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","volume":"4","author":"D Moher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;4:1.","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"1675_CR23","first-page":"ED000142","volume":"10","author":"M Cumpston","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Chandler J, Welch VA, Higgins JP, et al. Updated guidance for trusted systematic reviews: a new edition of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;10:ED000142.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1675_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2022.06.002","volume":"8","author":"K Numakura","year":"2022","unstructured":"Numakura K, Kobayashi M, Ishida T, Okane K, Suzuki K, Shimoda N, et al. Effect of Levofloxacin on the Efficacy and Adverse Events in Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Treatment for Bladder Cancer: Results of a Randomized, Prospective, Multicenter Study. Eur Urol Focus. 2022;8:1666\u201372.","journal-title":"Eur Urol Focus"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1675_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1159\/000052379","volume":"37","author":"M Al Khalifa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Al Khalifa M, Elfving P, M\u00e5nsson W, Colleen S, Hellsten S, Duchek M, et al. The effect of isoniazid on BCG-induced toxicity in patients with superficial bladder cancer. Eur Urol. 2000;37(Suppl 1):26\u201330.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.04.104","volume":"176","author":"M Colombel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Colombel M, Saint F, Chopin D, Malavaud B, Nicolas L, Rischmann P. The effect of ofloxacin on bacillus calmette-guerin induced toxicity in patients with superficial bladder cancer: results of a randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebo controlled, multicenter study. J Urol. 2006;176:935\u20139.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2009.08469.x","volume":"104","author":"R Damiano","year":"2009","unstructured":"Damiano R, De Sio M, Quarto G, Di Lorenzo G, Perdon\u00e0 S, Palumbo IM, et al. Short-term administration of prulifloxacin in patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer: an effective option for the prevention of bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin-induced toxicity? BJU Int. 2009;104:633\u20139.","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"1675_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1177\/039156031007700403","volume":"77","author":"V Serretta","year":"2010","unstructured":"Serretta V, Ruggirello A, Giaimo R, Sommatino F, Billone V, Allegro R, et al. [Prevention of topic toxicity of BCG with single-dose prulifloxacin. Preliminary results of a randomized pilot study]. Urologia. 2010;77:240\u20137.","journal-title":"Urologia"},{"key":"1675_CR29","first-page":"439","volume":"18","author":"K Kamali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kamali K, Nikbakht J, Ayubi E, Nabizadeh M, Sarhadi S. Comparison of the Efficacy of Oxybutynin, Phenazopyridine, Celecoxib, and Placebo in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Symptoms after BCG Therapy in Patients with Bladder Tumors. Urol J. 2020;18:439\u201344.","journal-title":"Urol J"},{"key":"1675_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10056","volume":"21","author":"R-C Petca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Petca R-C, Popescu R-I, Toma C, Dumitrascu MC, Petca A, Sandru F, et al. Chemical hemorrhagic cystitis: Diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2021;21:624.","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"1675_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1179\/1973947813Y.0000000126","volume":"26","author":"L Wei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wei L, Li Q, Liang H, Jianbo L. The quality of life in patients during intravesical treatment and correlation with local symptoms. J Chemother Florence Italy. 2014;26:165\u20138.","journal-title":"J Chemother Florence Italy"},{"key":"1675_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2007.11.031","volume":"26","author":"MP Simons","year":"2008","unstructured":"Simons MP, O\u2019Donnell MA, Griffith TS. Role of neutrophils in BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer. Urol Oncol. 2008;26:341\u20135.","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"1675_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590871","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.590871","volume":"14","author":"L Grundy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grundy L, Caldwell A, Lumsden A, Mohammadi E, Hannig G, Greenwood Van-Meervald B, et al. Experimentally Induced Bladder Permeability Evokes Bladder Afferent Hypersensitivity in the Absence of Inflammation. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:590871.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"1675_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.026","volume":"181","author":"CR Ruhl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ruhl CR, Pasko BL, Khan HS, Kindt LM, Stamm CE, Franco LH, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Sulfolipid-1 Activates Nociceptive Neurons and Induces Cough. Cell. 2020;181:293\u2013e30511.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"Suppl 1 0 1","key":"1675_CR35","first-page":"18","volume":"21","author":"N Yoshimura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoshimura N, Oguchi T, Yokoyama H, Funahashi Y, Yoshikawa S, Sugino Y, et al. Bladder afferent hyperexcitability in bladder pain syndrome\/interstitial cystitis. Int J Urol Off J Jpn Urol Assoc. 2014;21(Suppl 1 0 1):18\u201325.","journal-title":"Int J Urol Off J Jpn Urol Assoc"},{"key":"1675_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-79","volume":"9","author":"T Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li T, Puhan MA, Vedula SS, Singh S, Dickersin K. Ad Hoc Network Meta-analysis Methods Meeting Working Group. Network meta-analysis-highly attractive but more methodological research is needed. BMC Med. 2011;9:79.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"1675_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3105","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1875","volume":"23","author":"G Lu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lu G, Ades AE. Combination of direct and indirect evidence in mixed treatment comparisons. Stat Med. 2004;23:3105\u201324.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"1675_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.114147","volume":"180","author":"S Bindu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bindu S, Mazumder S, Bandyopadhyay U. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and organ damage: A current perspective. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020;180:114147.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"1675_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.10068","volume":"190","author":"Y Cao","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cao Y, Prescott SM. Many actions of cyclooxygenase-2 in cellular dynamics and in cancer. J Cell Physiol. 2002;190:279\u201386.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1675_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2020.106409","volume":"148","author":"BL Woolbright","year":"2020","unstructured":"Woolbright BL, Pilbeam CC, Taylor JA. Prostaglandin E2 as a therapeutic target in bladder cancer: From basic science to clinical trials. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2020;148:106409.","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat"},{"key":"1675_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2019.106379","volume":"147","author":"P Saxena","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saxena P, Sharma PK, Purohit P. A journey of celecoxib from pain to cancer. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2020;147:106379.","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat"},{"key":"1675_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64751-9","volume":"168","author":"C Durek","year":"2002","unstructured":"Durek C, Jurczok A, Werner H, Jocham D, Bohle A. Optimal treatment of systemic bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin infection: investigations in an animal model. J Urol. 2002;168:826\u201331.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"1675_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2003.10.038","volume":"63","author":"AM Kamat","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kamat AM, Lamm DL. Antitumor activity of common antibiotics against superficial bladder cancer. Urology. 2004;63:457\u201360.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1675_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.09.011","volume":"71","author":"JR Hill","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hill JR, Isom-Batz G, Panagopoulos G, Zakariasen K, Kavaler E. Patient perceived outcomes of treatments used for interstitial cystitis. Urology. 2008;71:62\u20136.","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"1675_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-013-0635-4","volume":"19","author":"CF Am\u00e1bile-Cuevas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Am\u00e1bile-Cuevas CF, Arredondo-Garc\u00eda JL. Nitrofurantoin, phenazopyridine, and the superoxide-response regulon soxRS of Escherichia coli. J Infect Chemother Off J Jpn Soc Chemother. 2013;19:1135\u201340.","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother Off J Jpn Soc Chemother"},{"key":"1675_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175512","volume":"942","author":"N Luyts","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luyts N, Daniluk J, Freitas ACN, Bazeli B, Janssens A, Mulier M, et al. Inhibition of TRPM8 by the urinary tract analgesic drug phenazopyridine. Eur J Pharmacol. 2023;942:175512.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["BMC Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12894-024-01675-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12894-024-01675-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12894-024-01675-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T02:30:38Z","timestamp":1738117838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcurol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12894-024-01675-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12894-024-01675-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All the authors agreed to publish the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19"}}