{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T16:55:39Z","timestamp":1776531339623,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":39,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Urol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-025-02011-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T13:06:15Z","timestamp":1764853575000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Can the systemic immune-inflammation index be used to differentiate benign and malignant pathologies before transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Turgay","family":"Kacan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Demirhan Orsan","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali Kaan","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuf","family":"Gokkurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omer Furkan","family":"Erbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veli Mert","family":"Yazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bugra Bilge","family":"Keseroglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tolga","family":"Karakan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2011_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024 Apr 4.","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"issue":"15","key":"2011_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198710083171501","volume":"317","author":"TA Stamey","year":"1987","unstructured":"Stamey TA, Yang N, Hay AR, McNeal JE, Freiha FS, Redwine E. Prostate-Specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. N Engl J Med. 1987;317(15):909\u201316.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2011_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00459","volume":"157","author":"VA Moyer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moyer VA. Screening for prostate cancer: U.S. Preventive services task force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157(2):120.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9255","key":"2011_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0","volume":"357","author":"F Balkwill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Balkwill F, Mantovani A. Inflammation and cancer: back to virchow? Lancet. 2001;357(9255):539\u201345.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2011_CR5","first-page":"29","volume":"57","author":"AK Y\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2024","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z AK, Ka\u00e7an T, Ko\u00e7 A, \u00d6zg\u00fcr BC. Prostat Kanserinin tan\u0131s\u0131nda Beyaz k\u00fcre, n\u00f6trofil, Lenfosit ve trombosit say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine oranlar\u0131n\u0131n prediktif rol\u00fc. Ankara E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma. Hastanesi T\u0131p Dergisi. 2024;57(1):29\u201332.","journal-title":"Hastanesi T\u0131p Dergisi"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"2011_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.3091","volume":"9","author":"MI Gokce","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gokce MI, Hamidi N, Suer E, Tangal S, Huseynov A, Ibi\u015f A. Evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio prior to prostate biopsy to predict biopsy histology: results of 1836 patients. Can Urol Association J. 2015;9(11\u201312):761.","journal-title":"Can Urol Association J"},{"issue":"14","key":"2011_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30057","volume":"122","author":"Q Qi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Qi Q, Zhuang L, Shen Y, Geng Y, Yu S, Chen H, et al. A novel systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) for predicting the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer after chemotherapy. Cancer. 2016;122(14):2158\u201367.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2011_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie W, Xu Z, Qiu Y, Ye W, Zhang Z, Wang C et al. A novel nomogram combined the aggregate index of systemic inflammation and PIRADS score to predict the risk of clinically significant prostate cancer. Biomed Res Int. 2023;2023(1).","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9936087"},{"issue":"23","key":"2011_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6212","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-0442","volume":"20","author":"B Hu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hu B, Yang XR, Xu Y, Sun YF, Sun C, Guo W, et al. Systemic Immune-Inflammation index predicts prognosis of patients after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20(23):6212\u201322.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2011_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1638-9","volume":"16","author":"QK Xie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie QK, Chen P, Hu WM, Sun P, He WZ, Jiang C, et al. The systemic immune-inflammation index is an independent predictor of survival for metastatic colorectal cancer and its association with the lymphocytic response to the tumor. J Transl Med. 2018;16(1):273.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2011_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Man Ynan, Chen Y. fang. Systemic immune-inflammation index, serum albumin, and fibrinogen impact prognosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with first-line docetaxel. Int Urol Nephrol. 2019;51(12):2189\u201399.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-019-02265-4"},{"issue":"4","key":"2011_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2090","volume":"7","author":"AM De Marzo","year":"2007","unstructured":"De Marzo AM, Platz EA, Sutcliffe S, Xu J, Gr\u00f6nberg H, Drake CG, et al. Inflammation in prostate carcinogenesis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007;7(4):256\u201369.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2011_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-03924-y","volume":"21","author":"L Meng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Meng L, Yang Y, Hu X, Zhang R, Li X. Prognostic value of the pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Transl Med. 2023;21(1):79.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"2011_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qi W, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Lv G, Zhong M et al. Revealing the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with different stage prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1052943"},{"issue":"11","key":"2011_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13112584","volume":"13","author":"C Timaxian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Timaxian C, Vogel CFA, Orcel C, Vetter D, Durochat C, Chinal C, et al. Pivotal role for Cxcr2 in regulating Tumor-Associated neutrophil in breast cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(11):2584.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"6917","key":"2011_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01322","volume":"420","author":"LM Coussens","year":"2002","unstructured":"Coussens LM, Werb Z. Inflammation and cancer. Nature. 2002;420(6917):860\u20137.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"2011_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-017-9677-x","volume":"36","author":"M Holinstat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Holinstat M. Normal platelet function. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2017;36(2):195\u20138.","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2011_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.5152\/tud.2020.19203","volume":"46","author":"NP Murray","year":"2020","unstructured":"Murray NP, Fuentealba C, Salazar A, Reyes E. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index versus Circulating prostate cells to predict significant prostate cancer at first biopsy. Turk J Urol. 2020;46(2):115\u201322.","journal-title":"Turk J Urol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2011_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acuroe.2021.04.006","volume":"45","author":"G Sonmez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sonmez G, Demirtas T, Tombul ST, Akgun H, Demirtas A. Diagnostic efficiency of systemic immune-inflammation index in fusion prostate biopsy. Actas Urol\u00f3gicas Espa\u00f1olas (English Edition). 2021;45(5):359\u201365.","journal-title":"Actas Urol\u00f3gicas Espa\u00f1olas (English Edition)"},{"key":"2011_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang CL, Li WD, Wang J. Preoperative immune-inflammation index in predicting the diagnosis and adverse pathological features of prostate cancer. Front Oncol. 2025;15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1537542"},{"issue":"1","key":"2011_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14801","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-41781-3","volume":"13","author":"R Ahmed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahmed R, Hamdy O, Awad RM. Diagnostic efficacy of systemic immune-inflammation biomarkers in benign prostatic hyperplasia using receiver operating characteristic and artificial neural network. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):14801.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"2011_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-150458","volume":"15","author":"M Kaynar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaynar M, Yildirim ME, Gul M, Kilic O, Ceylan K, Goktas S. Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer differentiation via platelet to lymphocyte ratio. Cancer Biomarkers. 2015;15(3):317\u201323.","journal-title":"Cancer Biomarkers"}],"container-title":["BMC Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12894-025-02011-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12894-025-02011-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12894-025-02011-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:43:36Z","timestamp":1768473816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12894-025-02011-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12894-025-02011-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee No. 2 of Ankara Bilkent City Hospital (Decision No: E2-23-3990, Date: 25\/04\/2023). The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments standards. As a retrospective study, informed consent was exempted, and anonymized clinical data were utilized for the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"5"}}