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However, optimizing the extraction of valuable secondary metabolites of <jats:italic>M. azedarach<\/jats:italic> using alternative extraction methods has not been investigated. This research aims to develop an effective, fast, and environmentally friendly extraction method using Ultrasound-assisted extraction, methanol and temperature to optimize the extraction of two secondary metabolites, lupeol and stigmasterol, from young roots of <jats:italic>M. azedarach<\/jats:italic> using the response surface methodology.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Box-behnken design was applied to optimize different factors (solvent, temperature, and ultrasonication time). The amounts of lupeol and stigmasterol in the root of <jats:italic>M. azedarach<\/jats:italic> were detected by the HPLC-DAD. The required time for the analysis of each sample by the HPLC-DAD system was considered to be 8\u00a0min.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results indicated that the highest amount of lupeol (7.82\u00a0mg\/g DW) and stigmasterol (6.76\u00a0mg\/g DW) was obtained using 50% methanol at 45\u00a0\u00b0C and ultrasonication for 30\u00a0min, and 50% methanol in 35\u00a0\u00b0C, and ultrasonication for 30\u00a0min, respectively. Using the response surface methodology, the predicted conditions for lupeol and stigmasterol from root of <jats:italic>M. azedarach<\/jats:italic> were as follows; lupeol: 100% methanol, temperature 45\u00a0\u00b0C and ultrasonication time 40\u00a0min (14.540\u00a0mg\/g DW) and stigmasterol 43.75% methanol, temperature 34.4\u00a0\u00b0C and ultrasonication time 25.3\u00a0min (5.832\u00a0mg\/g DW).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results showed that the amount of secondary metabolites lupeol and stigmasterol in the root of <jats:italic>M. azedarach<\/jats:italic> could be improved by optimizing the extraction process utilizing response surface methodology.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12896-024-00865-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T10:01:59Z","timestamp":1717754519000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Improvement and prediction of the extraction parameters of lupeol and stigmasterol metabolites of Melia azedarach with response surface methodology"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9663-8097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Rabbani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9144-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghasem-Ali","family":"Garoosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5564-774X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raheem","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8768-0819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Farjaminezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0086-9801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza Heidari","family":"Japelaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"865_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mosunova O, Navarro-Mu\u00f1oz JC, Collemare J. 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