{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T14:29:21Z","timestamp":1764944961331,"version":"3.30.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Biotechnol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12896-024-00922-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T04:18:51Z","timestamp":1733372331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chemical and Heat Treatment for Viral Inactivation in Porcine-Derived Gelatin"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Francois Marie Ngako","family":"Kadji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maiko","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Kotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Kishimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Hiraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"922_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-44-116","volume":"44","author":"SM Jamal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jamal SM, Belsham GJ. Foot-and-mouth disease: past, present and future. Vet Res. 2013;44(1):116.","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"922_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics3030440","volume":"3","author":"RJ Jones","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jones RJ, Rajabi-Siahboomi A, Levina M, Perrie Y, Mohammed AR. The influence of formulation and manufacturing process parameters on the characteristics of lyophilized orally disintegrating tablets. Pharmaceutics. 2011;3(3):440\u201357.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"9","key":"922_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2015.1037272","volume":"12","author":"M Foox","year":"2015","unstructured":"Foox M, Zilberman M. Drug delivery from gelatin-based systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2015;12(9):1547\u201363.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"key":"922_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nii T. Strategies using gelatin microparticles for regenerative therapy and drug screening applications. Molecules 26(22) (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26226795"},{"issue":"24","key":"922_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867324666170511123101","volume":"23","author":"MC Echave","year":"2017","unstructured":"Echave MC, Saenz del Burgo L, Pedraz JL, Orive G. Gelatin as Biomaterial for tissue Engineering. Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(24):3567\u201384.","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"922_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Nimry S, Dayah AA, Hasan I, Daghmash R. Cosmetic, Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Fish Gelatin\/Hydrolysates. Mar Drugs 19(3) (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/md19030145"},{"issue":"1","key":"922_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-022-01819-w","volume":"19","author":"FMN Kadji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kadji FMN, Kotani K, Tsukamoto H, Hiraoka Y, Hagiwara K. Stability of enveloped and nonenveloped viruses in hydrolyzed gelatin liquid formulation. Virol J. 2022;19(1):94.","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"922_CR8","unstructured":"Q5A(R2.): viral safety evaluation of biotechnology products derived from cell lines of human or animal origin: guidance for industry, 2024."},{"issue":"2","key":"922_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.12665\/J132.Nims","volume":"13","author":"R Nims","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nims R, Plavsic M. Identification of worst-case Model viruses for selected viral clearance steps. BioProcess J. 2014;13(2):6\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12665\/J132.Nims.","journal-title":"BioProcess J"},{"issue":"2","key":"922_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2011.01.001","volume":"39","author":"PL Roberts","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roberts PL, More J, Rott J, Lewin D. Virus inactivation in albumin by a combination of alkali conditions and high temperature. Biologicals. 2011;39(2):67\u201372.","journal-title":"Biologicals"},{"issue":"21","key":"922_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12069","DOI":"10.1021\/es3029473","volume":"46","author":"KR Wigginton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wigginton KR, Pecson BM, Sigstam T, Bosshard F, Kohn T. Virus inactivation mechanisms: impact of disinfectants on virus function and structural integrity. Environ Sci Technol. 2012;46(21):12069\u201378.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"922_CR12","unstructured":"GUIDELINE ON VIRUS SAFETY EVALUATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS. EMEA\/CHMP\/BWP\/398498\/2005 24 July 2008."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"922_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-62-1-113","volume":"62","author":"PR Paradiso","year":"1982","unstructured":"Paradiso PR, Rhode SL, Singer II. Canine parvovirus: a biochemical and ultrastructural characterization. J Gen Virol. 1982;62(Pt 1):113\u201325.","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"4","key":"922_CR14","first-page":"387","volume":"11","author":"W Rossmanith","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rossmanith W, Horvath E. Bovine adenoviruses. VI. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to bovine adenovirus types belonging to subgroups I and II. Microbiologica. 1988;11(4):387\u201394.","journal-title":"Microbiologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"922_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1086\/428092","volume":"191","author":"DP Greenberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Greenberg DP, Walker RE, Lee MS, Reisinger KS, Ward JI, Yogev R, Blatter MM, Yeh SH, Karron RA, Sangli C, Eubank L, Coelingh KL, Cordova JM, August MJ, Mehta HB, Chen W, Mendelman PM. A bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 vaccine is safe and immunogenic in early infancy. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(7):1116\u201322.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"922_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(84)90075-0","volume":"9","author":"M Conner","year":"1984","unstructured":"Conner M, Kalica A, Kita J, Quick S, Schiff E, Joubert J, Gillespie J. Isolation and characteristics of an equine reovirus type 3 and an antibody prevalence survey to reoviruses in horses located in New York State. Vet Microbiol. 1984;9(1):15\u201325.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"922_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1994.1134","volume":"199","author":"S Yamada","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yamada S, Shimizu M. Isolation and characterization of mutants of pseudorabies virus with deletion in the immediate-early regulatory gene. Virology. 1994;199(2):366\u201375.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"3","key":"922_CR18","first-page":"301","volume":"10","author":"M Ferrari","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ferrari M, Gualandi GL. Cultivation of a pig parvovirus in various cell cultures. Microbiologica. 1987;10(3):301\u20139.","journal-title":"Microbiologica"},{"key":"922_CR19","unstructured":"Doe J. The science and technology of gelatin. New York: Academic Press; 1977."},{"key":"922_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01863914","volume":"162","author":"G K\u00e4rber","year":"1931","unstructured":"K\u00e4rber G. Beitrag Zur Kollektiven Behandlung pharmakologischer Reihenversuche. Arch exp Path Pharm. 1931;162:480\u20133.","journal-title":"Arch exp Path Pharm"},{"key":"922_CR21","unstructured":"EMEA\/CPMP\/BWP\/268\/95\/3AB8A. 1996: Note for virus validation studies: The design, contribution and interpretation of studies validating the inactivation and removal of viruses."},{"key":"922_CR22","first-page":"177","volume":"93","author":"Quality of biotechnological","year":"1998","unstructured":"Quality of biotechnological. Products: viral safety evaluation of biotechnology products derived from cell lines of human or animal origin. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline Dev Biol Stand. 1998;93:177\u2013201.","journal-title":"ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline Dev Biol Stand"},{"key":"922_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2019.04.003","volume":"60","author":"T Nowak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nowak T, Popp B, Roth NJ. Choice of parvovirus model for validation studies influences the interpretation of the effectiveness of a virus filtration step. Biologicals. 2019;60:85\u201392.","journal-title":"Biologicals"},{"key":"922_CR24","unstructured":"Plavsic RWNaM. Intra-Family and Inter-Family Comparisons for Viral Susceptibility to Heat Inactivation."},{"issue":"17","key":"922_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5544","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00425-09","volume":"75","author":"BM Pecson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pecson BM, Martin LV, Kohn T. Quantitative PCR for determining the infectivity of bacteriophage MS2 upon inactivation by heat, UV-B radiation, and singlet oxygen: advantages and limitations of an enzymatic treatment to reduce false-positive results. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009;75(17):5544\u201354.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"922_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0031421","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00314-21","volume":"87","author":"A Gamble","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gamble A, Fischer RJ, Morris DH, Yinda CK, Munster VJ, Lloyd-Smith JO. Heat-treated virus inactivation rate depends strongly on Treatment Procedure: illustration with SARS-CoV-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021;87(19):e0031421.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"922_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.10281","volume":"79","author":"J Hodde","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hodde J, Hiles M. Virus safety of a porcine-derived medical device: evaluation of a viral inactivation method. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2002;79(2):211\u20136.","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"issue":"10","key":"922_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4951","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.10.4951-4955.2002","volume":"68","author":"JW Li","year":"2002","unstructured":"Li JW, Xin ZT, Wang XW, Zheng JL, Chao FH. Mechanisms of inactivation of hepatitis a virus by chlorine. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002;68(10):4951\u20135.","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"922_CR29","unstructured":"European Commission (Enterprise Directorate General). EMEA Guideline on virus safety evaluation of biotechnological investigational medicinal products. London. 2006 Jun 28."},{"key":"922_CR30","first-page":"41","volume":"Suppl","author":"U Gottschalk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gottschalk U. The renaissance of protein purification. BioPharm Int. 2007;Suppl:41\u20132.","journal-title":"BioPharm Int"}],"container-title":["BMC Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12896-024-00922-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12896-024-00922-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12896-024-00922-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T10:44:33Z","timestamp":1733395473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcbiotechnol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12896-024-00922-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12896-024-00922-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6750"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6750","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors are employees of Nitta Gelatin Inc.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"99"}}