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FDG PET localized the pituitary and pituitary stalk lesions and displayed an SUVmax of 5.5. FDS, a sensitive radiotracer for bacterial infections but remains unproven under aseptic inflammation, also demonstrated elevated radioactivity, with an SUVmax of 1.1 at 30\u2009min and 0.73 at 120\u2009min. Transnasal biopsy suggested a diagnosis of autoimmune hypophysitis, and the patient displayed radiological and clinical improvement after treatment with glucocorticoids and hormone replacement.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Autoimmune hypophysitis can display elevated FDG uptake, which aids in the localization of the lesions. In addition to revealing bacterial infection specifically, FDS can also accumulate under autoimmune conditions, suggesting that it could serve as a potential radiotracer for both bacterial and aseptic inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The patient was enrolled in study <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02450942\">NCT02450942<\/jats:ext-link> (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>, Registered May 21, 2015).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-020-00567-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]],"date-time":"2020-06-09T13:20:04Z","timestamp":1591708804000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 18F-2-fluorodeoxy sorbitol (FDS) in autoimmune hypophysitis: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ziren","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7836-8724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"567_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00318578","volume":"90","author":"D Sautner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sautner D, Saeger W, Ludecke DK, Jansen V, Puchner MJ. 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Pituitary. 2017;20(2):189\u201394.","journal-title":"Pituitary."}],"container-title":["BMC Endocrine Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12902-020-00567-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12902-020-00567-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12902-020-00567-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T23:18:13Z","timestamp":1623194293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcendocrdisord.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12902-020-00567-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12902-020-00567-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6823"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6823","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee (committee name: Institute Review Board of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, approval number: S-766) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The manuscript was prepared in accordance with CARE guidelines.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written consent is provided from the participant for the publication of this case study and accompanying data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"84"}}