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Data screening and extraction are done independently, whereas the methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 14 studies that met the eligibility criteria including 24,340 participants were enrolled. The overall quality of the studies had a scale of over 6 points. The overall odds ratio (OR) regarding the risk of diabetes mellitus in low bone density patients was 1.20 [95% confidence interval (CI)0.80\u20131.79, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.30], and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (OR\u2009=\u20090.69 [0.11, 4.55], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.70). Subgroup analysis revealed that whether females or males, developed or developing countries, T2DM, studies after 2015, and quality over 7 points (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values &gt;\u20090.05) showed no significant differences with the risk of low bone density, except type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (OR\u2009=\u20093.83 [1.64, 8.96], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), and studies before 2015 (OR\u2009=\u20091.76 [1.06, 2.92], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), and quality below 7 points (OR\u2009=\u20092.27 [1.50, 3.43], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001). Funnel plot showed no significant asymmetry.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These findings revealed no relationship between T2DM and low bone density, and also, the evidence between T1DM and low bone density is inadequate, requiring further analysis of well-designed cohort studies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-021-00728-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T12:28:28Z","timestamp":1618316908000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Is diabetes mellitus a risk factor for low bone density: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jingying","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengjiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichun","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"728_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.01.073","volume":"16","author":"BJ Zarowitz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zarowitz BJ, Cheng LI, Allen C, O\u2019Shea T, Stolshek B. 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