{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T16:53:16Z","timestamp":1781801596482,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Endocr Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The gold standard for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP) is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or GnRH analogs (GnRHa) stimulation test. But the stimulation test is time-consuming and costly. Our objective was to develop a risk score model readily adoptable by clinicians and patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional study based on the electronic medical record system was conducted in the Children\u2019s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China from January 2010 to August 2016. Patients with precocious puberty were randomly split into the training (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009314) and validation (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009313) sample. In the training sample, variables associated with CPP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.2) in univariate analyses were introduced in a multivariable logistic regression model. Prediction model was selected using a forward stepwise analysis. A risk score model was built with the scaled coefficients of the model and tested in the validation sample.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CPP was diagnosed in 54.8% (172\/314) and 55.0% (172\/313) of patients in the training and validation sample, respectively. The CPP risk score model included age at the onset of puberty, basal luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration, largest ovarian volume, and uterine volume. The C-index was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81\u20130.89) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82\u20130.90) in the training and the validation sample, respectively. Two cut-off points were selected to delimitate a low- (&lt;\u200910 points), median- (10\u201319 points), and high-risk (\u2265 20 points) group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A risk score model for the risk of CPP had a moderate predictive performance, which offers the advantage of helping evaluate the requirement for further diagnostic tests (GnRH or GnRHa stimulation test).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-021-00740-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T06:03:50Z","timestamp":1618898630000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clinical risk score for central precocious puberty among girls with precocious pubertal development: a cross sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jingyu","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianying","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feihong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoqian","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6963-2450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiangfeng","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"22","key":"740_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0800459","volume":"358","author":"JC Carel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carel JC, Leger J. 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This study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the Children\u2019s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (reference number: 2012\u2013130). Informed written consent has been obtained from each participant\u2019s parents or legal guardian after full explanation of the purpose and nature of all procedures used.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors approved the final manuscript and declared no financial or nonfinancial competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"75"}}