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Metabolic and anthropometric parameters, miR-29a, miR-122 relative expressions, and sestrin2, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) levels were measured by their specific methods. The data was processed and analyzed by SPSS V.26 using the corresponding tests. After testing the variables\u2019 normality, Kruskal\u2013Wallis one-way-ANOVA, Spearman correlations coefficient were used.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Significant higher serum miR-29a, miR-122, IL-6, hsCRP and TNF-\u03b1 and lower sestrin2 levels were found in G2 and G3 than G1 and in G3 than G2 (p= &gt;\u20090.001 for all). Especially in G3, miR-29a and miR-122 levels correlated positively while sestrin2 levels correlated negatively with waist circumference and BMI percentiles, serum levels of LDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, HbA1c%, glucose, insulin, c-peptide, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), IL-6, hsCRP and TNF-\u03b1.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The change in the serum miR-29a, miR-122 and sestrin2 levels in obese children with\/without T2DM may suggest a possible role of these biomarkers in the pathogenesis of childhood obesity and their accompanied complications e.g. inflammations and T2DM. Also, further studies are required to test drugs that antagonize the action miR-29a and miR-122 or upregulate sestrin2 in the management of these cases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-021-00829-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T09:03:24Z","timestamp":1627981404000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Investigation of the levels of circulating miR-29a, miR-122, sestrin 2 and inflammatory markers in obese children with\/without type 2 diabetes: a case control study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Khalid M.","family":"Mohany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamah","family":"Al Rugaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Al-Wutayd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Al-Nafeesah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10113","key":"829_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32129-3","volume":"390","author":"NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)","year":"2017","unstructured":"NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). 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It was reviewed and approved by the Qassim University medical research committee (approval# mduc-2019-2-2-I-5441). All procedures performed in the study were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consents were obtained from the parents of all children included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"152"}}