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The exact cause of the increased prevalence of candidiasis in patients with T2DM is still unclear. The study aimed to correlate serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma cytokines (IFN-\u03b3) with oral candidiasis in T2DM.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this case\u2013control study, 81 patients with T2DM and 41 non-diabetic individuals aged 30 to 70\u00a0years participated. Demographic information, a Blood sample (for blood glucose and cytokine tests), and an oral cotton swab sample from each individual were obtained. The samples were then incubated in a Sabroud dextrose agar medium. Colony growth was calculated and the type of yeast species in individuals with oral candidiasis was identified by culture in CHROMagar <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> medium. IL-10 and IFN-\u03b3 were measured by ELISA kit and the data were analyzed using SPSS-18.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>An overall of 122 participants comprised 73.77% females and 26.22% males. An increase in interleukin-10 by 40% and a decrease in IFN-\u03b3 by 6% can increase oral candidiasis prevalence among diabetic patients. <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> was the most prevalent <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species (spp.) in the diabetic and non-diabetic groups. The presence of oral candidiasis was not associated with HbA1c or FBS levels in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In the diabetic population, an increase in IL-10 or a decrease in IFN-\u03b3 may be associated with an increased risk of oral candidiasis.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01217-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T09:07:34Z","timestamp":1669626454000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The relation between serum levels of interleukin 10 and interferon-gamma with oral candidiasis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Atefe","family":"Halimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazanin","family":"Mortazavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Memarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Zahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Niknejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Sohrabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shakiba Javadian","family":"Sarraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"1217_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S62","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-S062","volume":"33","author":"AD Association","year":"2010","unstructured":"Association AD. 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