{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:25:30Z","timestamp":1789611930741,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Endocr Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Deriving population specific reference intervals (RIs) or at the very least verifying any RI before adoption is good laboratory practice. Siemens has provided RIs for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) determined on their Atellica\u00ae IM analyzer for all age groups except the neonatal age group which provides a challenge for laboratories that intend to use it to screen for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and other thyroid disorders in neonates. We set out to determine RIs for TSH and FT4 using data obtained from neonates undergoing routine screening for CH at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>TSH and FT4 data for neonates aged 30 days and below were extracted from the hospital management information system for the period March 2020 to June 2021. A single episode of testing for the same neonate was included provided both TSH and FT4 were done on the same sample. RI determination was performed using a non-parametric approach.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 1243 testing episodes from 1218 neonates had both TSH and FT4 results. A single set of test results from each neonate was used to derive RIs. Both TSH and FT4 declined with increase in age with a more marked decline seen in the first 7 days of life. There was a positive correlation between logFT4 and logTSH (r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub> (1216)\u2009=\u20090.189, p\u2009=\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). We derived TSH RIs for the age groups 2\u20134 days (0.403\u20137.942 \u00b5IU\/mL) and 5\u20137 days (0.418\u20136.319 \u00b5IU\/mL), and sex specific RIs for males (0.609\u20137.557 \u00b5IU\/mL) and females (0.420\u20136.189 \u00b5IU\/mL) aged 8\u201330 days. For FT4, separate RIs were derived for the age groups 2\u20134 days (1.19\u20132.59 ng\/dL), 5\u20137 days (1.21\u20132.29 ng\/dL) and 8\u201330 days (1.02\u20132.01 ng\/dL).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our neonatal RIs for TSH and FT4 are different from those published or recommended by Siemens. The RIs will serve as a guide for the interpretation of thyroid function tests in neonates from sub-Saharan Africa where routine screening for congenital hypothyroidism using serum samples is done on the Siemens Atellica\u00ae IM analyzer.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-023-01367-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T09:02:34Z","timestamp":1684486954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Neonatal reference intervals for thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine assayed on a Siemens Atellica\u00ae IM analyzer: a cross sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Omuse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kawalya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Mugaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assumpta","family":"Chege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Maina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1367_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2013.05.008","volume":"28","author":"G Ford","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ford G, LaFranchi SH. Screening for congenital hypothyroidism: a worldwide view of strategies. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;28(2):175\u201387.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1367_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-5-17","volume":"5","author":"MV Rastogi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rastogi MV, LaFranchi SH. Congenital hypothyroidism. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2010;5:17.","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1367_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8182","volume":"87","author":"JG Hollowell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). 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The need for informed consent was waived as the study involved the analysis of already existing laboratory data that was deidentified. The study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines for the protection of human subjects as stated in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"112"}}