{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T23:39:50Z","timestamp":1784245190640,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002352","name":"Ain Shams University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Endocr Disord"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Covid-19 has impacted the lives of individuals worldwide especially those with chronic illnesses. Children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are at risk of glycemic deterioration during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, some studies reported glycemic improvement in these children during the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To assess the impact of Covid-19 on glycemic control and acute complications among children with T1DM on insulin pump in Egypt.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Forty-two children with T1DM on insulin pump for at least 1 year were assessed during the period from June 2020 to May 2021 for insulin requirements, insulin-pump problems, frequency of diabetic-ketoacidosis (DKA), hypoglycemia and HbA1C. Continuous-glucose monitoring was done using Medtronic i-pro device for 5 days. Data were compared to those obtained from the patients\u2019 medical records 1 year previously.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Upon comparing data during Covid-19 pandemic with previous data from 12\u201324 months before Covid-19, there was a significant small increase in the mean total daily insulin dose from 0.83\u2009\u00b1\u20090.28 to 0.88\u2009\u00b1\u20090.30 U\/kg\/day with a similar small increase in the mean basal percentage from 51.19\u2009\u00b1\u20093.46 to 52.74\u2009\u00b1\u20094.31. Interestingly, the median time in range showed small increase from 53 (IQR 47\u201361) to 57.0 (IQR 51\u201373), the mean coefficient of variation showed small decrease from 42.10\u2009\u00b1\u20099.90 to 38.20\u2009\u00b1\u20098.12 and the mean HbA1C significantly decreased from 8.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3 (72.31\u2009\u00b1\u200916.78 mmol\/ml) to 7.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 mg\/dl (61.31\u2009\u00b1\u200916.62 mmol\/mol). Twenty-nine children (69%) had insulin-pump problems in the form of skin irritation (31%), skin infection (7.1%) and pump Set\/Site occlusion (31%).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>No safety issues and overall glycemic improvement were reported among the children with T1DM on insulin pump therapy from this single center during the covid-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-023-01517-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T05:02:21Z","timestamp":1701061341000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Glycemic variability and time in range among children with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump during the Covid-19 pandemic in Egypt; single center experience"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Abeer Ahmed Abdel","family":"Maksoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nouran Yousef","family":"Salah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safaa Alshraki Alsayed","family":"Ayoup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1517_CR1","first-page":"2328","volume":"11","author":"J Ingram","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ingram J, Maciejewski G, Hand CJ. 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Written informed consent was taken from the legal guardians of all participants. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"262"}}