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Thymic hyperplasia is observed in some Graves' disease patients. What's more, there have been a few reports of increased serum calcium and severe osteoporosis induced by Graves\u2019 disease with thymic hyperplasia. It remains unclear whether Graves\u2019 disease with thymic hyperplasia is associated with higher serum calcium levels. Our study aimed to investigate the possibility of elevated serum calcium levels and aggravated bone mobilization in Graves\u2019 disease patients with thymic hyperplasia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Newly diagnosed and untreated patients with Graves' disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 96) were enrolled. They were divided into two groups based on the incidental detection of thymic hyperplasia during imaging. Albumin, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyrotrophin receptor antibody (TRAb) were measured, and a computerized tomography of the chest was obtained.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with Graves\u2019 disease who had thymic hyperplasia were notably younger (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.018) and exhibited higher serum calcium levels (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.001) compared to those with Graves\u2019 disease without thymic hyperplasia. In the multiple regression analysis, thymic hyperplasia, TRAb, and female gender were significant variables associated with elevated serum calcium levels in patients with Graves' disease, collectively accounting for 31.7% of the variation in serum calcium.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Graves\u2019 disease patients with thymic hyperplasia showed higher serum calcium levels. thymic hyperplasia, TRAb, and female gender were found to be correlated with increased serum calcium levels in Graves\u2019 disease, suggesting a potential association between thymic hyperplasia and bone mobilization in Graves\u2019 disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-024-01541-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]],"date-time":"2024-01-28T23:42:11Z","timestamp":1706485331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association between thymic hyperplasia and serum calcium level in Graves\u2019 disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3900-6138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1541_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor PN, Albrecht D, Scholz A, Gutierrez-Buey G, Lazarus JH, Dayan CM & Okosieme OE. 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This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital (No. 2021020). The written informed consent requirement was waived by the Ethics Committee at Chengdu Second People's Hospital due to the retrospective nature of the study and data collection from routine clinical practice.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15"}}