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Serum AMH levels were measured, and Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were plotted to assess diagnostic efficacy. PCOS was classified into four phenotypes based on Rotterdam criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum AMH levels were significantly elevated in PCOS patients compared to controls (4.29 ng\/mL vs. 8.97 ng\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The cut-off value of AMH for diagnosing PCOS was 6.105 ng\/mL, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.832, sensitivity of 0.739, and specificity of 0.768. Diagnostic performance varied across PCOS phenotypes, with the highest AUC observed in Phenotype A (0.865). AMH combined with other sex hormones improved diagnostic efficacy (AUC\u2009=\u20090.923). AMH correlated positively with ovarian volume, LH, and testosterone but negatively with age, fasting insulin, 2-hour postprandial insulin, and HOMA-IR. AMH was an independent risk factor for infertility in PCOS patients (OR\u2009=\u20091.058).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum AMH is a valuable diagnostic marker for PCOS in Chinese women of reproductive age, with phenotype-specific diagnostic cut-offs. AMH combined with other sex hormones enhances diagnostic accuracy. Age and BMI influence AMH cut-offs, and higher AMH levels are associated with more severe PCOS phenotypes and increased infertility risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-025-02136-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T16:03:28Z","timestamp":1768579408000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Age- and BMI-stratified assessment of serum anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone as a biomarker for polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis in Chinese women"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaixin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuwen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuesong","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinqi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meizhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2136_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bozdag G, Mumusoglu S. 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